Shaanxi Xungu | The prototype of the early cities has now available

Significant diagram of the location of Yangguanzhai site | Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology provided

In May 2004, in the south section of Xi'an Wei Industrial Park, countless crushed pottery films (among which are painted with gorgeous colors) and a large amount of gray soil were brought in the loess, and the excavated machine was rolled out ...

After hearing the news, the experts of the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeological Research were appraised on the pottery, and they believed that it was the product of the temple underlot period and the fourth period of Banpo. Immediately, the organizational staff of the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology conducted a survey of the site, confirming that the site was about 800 meters wide, about 1,000 meters long, and the total area exceeded 1 million square meters.

The "giant" who has been sleeping for more than 5,000 years has exposed mysterious veil during the development of 5,000 years.

The earliest urban prototype

Yangguanzhai Ruins West Gate Sites of Eli Site | Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeological Research provided

The scale and volume of ancient sites are often the direct manifestation of the important value of the site.

According to Yang Liping, the captain of the archeological team of Yang Guanzhai site, the graphic shape of the Yang Guanzhai ring is close to the rules. Mi is the only complete large -scale ring in the culture of Miao Dougou.

(Circle. As the name suggests, it is a trench surrounding a center. The function is similar to the later moat. It was originally used to resist the invasion of floods and beasts, and later used to defend the enemy's attack.)

It has been proven that the ring setting is composed of a complete and closed trench, settlement west gate site, central water conservancy system, East District adult cemetery and other functional zones. The overall layout of the typical site of a temple undercut culture period found an ideal "key" for the study of the cultural settlement of Miao Digou culture.

This large -scale ring settlement site that is currently known to the largest area and the only well -preserved in the temple bottom ditch period, which is so huge and planned so in the early cities, may be the earliest "city in China. ", Can be advanced to the history of Xi'an to 5,500 years ago!

Pottery with a smile

Hollow people noodle raspberry pottery

Speaking of Yang Guanzhai ruins, I have to mention the most representative pottery -hollowed people noodle raspberry pottery, with a human face, the eyes, mouth hollow, and prominent nose in the middle. The image is very cute. After thousands of years, Later, I still smiled.

Yang Liping said that the hollow pottery pottery is very representative. This type of utensils are extremely rare in archeological discovery of the same period. More than ten pieces of pottery with noodles were unearthed in the site. In the methods of scratching, stamping, and painting, the image of adult noodles is made on pottery pots, pottery bowls, mud cakes, sandwood tanks, pottery rings and other utensils.

Some special utensils appeared during the cultural period of Miao Dougou. From the perspective of unearthed locations, utensils, functional design, etc., obviously it is no longer practical utensils, which may be related to sacrifice or witchcraft. The sacrifice used in use.

Speedback bottle unearthed from Yangguanzhai Site

Jade unearthed from the Shijie Site

The prehistoric sites include nearly 10,000 pottery, stone, jade, and osteopopic cultural relics unearthed from the Shijie site. The production of these cultural relics reflects the wisdom of the ancestors and has high art, history, and social value.

More surprises to be discovered

Yangguanzhai Site of the Temple Digou Cultural Cemetery excavation area of ​​the Temple Digou Cemetery Evaphys | Provided by the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology

It turned out that the white rice has become a dark, pore carbide, and the grains and millet grains have also become dark carbides. "The discovery of rice relics in the site reflects the climate conditions of the Guanzhong area at that time. In addition, they have the habit of storing food." Yang Liping said.

Light -abdomen small bottom cylinder | Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeological Research provided

Researcher Wang Weilin, the archeological leader of the Yang Guanzhai site, believes that the smart Yang Guanzhai people have considered the prevention of mouse harm when making pottery. It is very smooth. The design principle of the small bottom is to reduce contact with the ground, which is more conducive to moisture -proof.

Some cultural relics unearthed from Yangguanzhai Site

So is the villagers in Yangguanzhai planting food? Yang Liping pointed out that from the perspective of unearthed cultural relics, it is very limited for agricultural cultivation and harvesting. It seems that Yangguanzhai has rarely engaged in agricultural production in prehistoric settlements in Yangguanzhai. How to obtain physical resources in such a huge -scale prehistoric site was worthy of in -depth research. Perhaps there was a possibility of resource transfer and material supply at the time. This is a very important clue, so how does his resources be obtained? It is also a major research topic.

In addition, there are pieces of pigments, spinning wheels, etc. in individual tombs of Yang Guanzhai sites, and spinning lines, etc., are the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancestors. "I believe that with the continuous advancement of the relevant archeological work of the Yangguanzhai site and other sites of Miao Digou culture, it will bring us more possibility of understanding ancient Chinese history." Yang Liping said.

The Guanzhong area is the center of the Qin, Qin, Han and Tang Emperor's great cause. In addition to the superior environment and location of natural and geographical aspects, this land has a deep cultural accumulation. Yang Guanzhai opened our cognitive Guanzhong area. Even windows of the origin of Chinese civilization.

The site was selected in 2008 and 2017 "Top Ten New Archaeological Discovery".

Text, Edit | Yang Lina

Picture | Solemn

School Division | Han and Tang Dynasties Three Three

Review | Yifu

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