Small Study Room

When it comes to the study, the most famous is about the "Sanxi Hall" in the Forbidden City. Emperor Qianlong collected the "Fast Snow in the Snow", Wang Xianzhi's "Mid -Autumn Festival Post" and Wang's "Boyuan Tie" by Wang Xizhi, the 8 -square -meter small study.

In the traditional Chinese culture, the study is a living space, a lifestyle, and a symbol of a cultural spirit. Entering the Memorial Gate of the Palace Museum-Yanyi Tower exhibition hall, walk into the exhibition "Seeing the Heaven and Earth's Heart-the Instantness and Elephant of the Chinese Studies", that is, you can experience the cultural spirit of the ancient literati based on the study.

Moisture and nourishment between bucket rooms

Turning into the West Goose Wing Tower is the first part of the exhibition "Huaiqin Book". There is a wall on the face, and the door of the wall is the study door. When he entered the door, he entered Qianlong's "Five Classic Rooms". The so -called "Five Classics" is "Yi", "Book", "Poetry", "Rites", "Spring and Autumn". Qianlong has collected the version carved by Yue Fei's Sun Yueke, which is collected together in the western small room behind Zhaoren Hall. Qianlong named this study "Five Classics Room" and personally wrote a plaque. The plaque in the exhibition hall is the original. In the lower row of six rosewood tracting screens in the plaque, it is engraved with the "Five Classics Room" written by Qianlong, which explains the importance of the five sutras, the exquisiteness of the five sutras carved by Yue Ke in the Song Dynasty The origin.

There are not only books in the study, but also the four treasures of the study. The exquisite things used by Qianlong do not have to say, and the travel stationery box is really attractive. A rectangular box made of rosewood, open it, you can move out of the hidden active table legs, and then turn the wooden box overall, the stationery box will be converted into a 40 cm high desk. There are two other rectangular brocade boxes in the wooden box, with layers, grids, grooves, etc. in the box, which are used for the placement of fine items. Take a closer look, the artifacts hidden in this travel stationery box, including enamel, lacquerware, jade, and porcelain. Especially in the composition of the utensils, the four treasures, piano, calligraphy and painting, etc. are used to represent the connotation of Confucian cultural connotation. It is easy to carry, suitable for users to use during travel, meeting Emperor Qianlong as a literati to express the needs of Yaxing at any time.

The study room is not simply used to read and write, and its core is the cultivation of literati cultivation. There is a pair of glass paintings in the showcase. Glass painting is drawn picture on the back side of the glass. Using the transparency of the glass, it is appreciated on the other side of the color. Therefore, it is called "reverse glass painting" or "glass back painting". This screen draws green bamboo and cold plums on the back of the glass, and cleverly above the plum branches, apply a layer of circular mercury behind the glass, and the mirror of the formation symbolizes a bright moon. The combination of mirror painting forms the three clearings of bamboo, plum, and moon.

Wang Zilin, director of the Research Office of the Palace Museum, introduced that the pair of screens are the furnishings on several cases of Yansu Building in Qianlong Garden. , To have the image of "seeing the heart of the world".

Cultivating its body and righteousness, whether it is ancient or contemporary, is a magic weapon to walk the world.

The big country of the study room

The second part of the exhibition of Wumen "Zhengyi Mingdao" is full of the family feelings of ancient literati flowing in the blood.

On the middle of the exhibition hall, Qianlong's regular script "Zhengyi Ming Dao" plaque seized the eyes. According to Wang Zilin, "friendship" is the same as "righteousness", from "Hanshu · Dong Zhongshu Biography": "The husband and benevolent, the friendship is not conspiring, and it is clear that he does not care." He said: "The benevolent must be the benevolent. Gu Dayi conspired in David, Gu Dade's conspiracy. The thoughts of Zhengyi Mingdao had a far -reaching impact in ancient China, becoming an important criterion and realm for self -cultivation of Confucianism in the past. "

Another heavy weapon next to the large plaque once again confirmed the emphasis on the emperor's self -cultivation -Qianlong regular script "Big Treasure" hanging the screen. Liu Guoliang, a librarian of the History of the Palace of the Palace Museum, told reporters that "Dabao Zhen" was made by Zhang Yun of the Tang Dynasty and was a warning to the monarch. It is believed that the monarch should be strictly self -disciplined, inspire the governance, love to protect the people, and the Grandpa is selfless. During the Emperor Yongzheng, one of them was rewritten to "governing the world by one person and not to be served by the world." Qianlong also copied his own nourishment hall hanging on the daily life, intending to police from time to time.

Compared with the king's home as the home, the patriotism of the Zhi Shuren is more admirable.

In the exhibition hall, a letter from Wen Tianxiang is quite representative. This "Wen Tianxiang's Book on the Book of Hongzhai" was a letter to Bao Hongzhai when Wen Tianxiang was 30 years old. The letter expressed his anger for current politics, and expressed Jing Mu about Bao Hongzhai's "loyalty patriotic" and "evil and evil", and believed that Bao's reuse was the luck of the country. Xinli described political affairs such as Jiangxi, and proposed "no politics, why is it to establish the country", which reflects the concerns of the Confucian scholar's concerns about the country's concern and loyalty to patriotism.

"The worries of the world are worried, and the joy of the world" is a famous sentence in Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower" in the Song Dynasty. The spiritual realm of "not to be happy, not with self -sorrow" and the feelings of the world as their own responsibility are respectful. The exhibition selected the "Book of Yueyang Tower" written by the famous painter Chen Chun in the Ming Dynasty.

Da Zei also helps the world, and the poor is alone.

Heaven and Earth is the Soul of the Luxin

The study is a place where the literati soul suspends. "The study is not only the space for reading, writing, and collecting books, but also contains feelings and inheritance." Wang Zilin said.

In the third part of the exhibition, "Creation Frost Snow", which can always be seen from Songzhumei. Loose, no fading through winter; bamboo, clear high; plum, Ling Han Aoxue. As the three friends in the study, they are a symbol of literati temperament and spirit. There is a pair of rosewood embedded glass pine plums in the corner of the exhibition hall. Liu Guoliang introduced that they were originally placed in Sanyou Xuan of Qianlong Garden. Sanyou Xuan not only uses Songzhu plum as the decoration theme of indoor decoration, but also has the most indoor furnishings of furnishings, which also shows the pine plum element. This can also be seen in the inserting screen.

Plum blossoms have been the object of the literati repeatedly chanting and depicting. With the metaphor of the quality of loneliness, firmness, integrity, and integrity, it has been pinned on. Chen Jiru in the Ming Dynasty loved plum blossoms and wrote poems and paintings. In the "Plum Blossoms axis" in the exhibition hall, the old dry song, the new plums are jealous, and the petals are scattered between the fine grass. The pen is simple and the composition is bright. It is a masterpiece.

Alone Better Together. While self -cultivation alone, the literati also liked Yaji singing. From the work that records these scenes, the audience can touch the elegant elegance of ancient literati with the heavens and the earth and the friendship of landscape.

There is a stone in the exhibition hall that seems to be "in chaos". This cloud with a height of 63 cm and a width of 70 cm is a "living fossil". On this stone stone, a collection of stones from the Yuan Dynasty to the autumn of the 10th year of Zhengzheng took the theme of the stone appreciation. If you look closely, you can also find Dong Qichang's "message".

The elegant collection mentioned here is a rally for literati and ethnicity to chant poems and discussions. The booth of Xiyan Wing Tower cleverly restores the scene of Qu Shui Liu. Song Qing's white glazed gourd bonded pots, kiln black glazed cups, sauce glaze cups and other cultural relics like "drift" on the water. In the showcases on both sides, paintings such as "Xiyuan Yaji Tu" and "Lanting Xiu Tu Tu" are the "documentary" of Yaji, and set the state of celebrities such as Su Shi, Su Zhe, Huang Tingjian, Wang Xizhi and other celebrities.

Even the famous "Lanting Eight Pillars", the front of the boxed box, carved "Lanting Xiu Xun". The rosewood carving repairs are the first time to meet the public. The Lanting Xiu Map of the Pingxin Board carved reproduced the elegance of the famous Wei and Jin celebrities such as Wang Xizhi and Xie An in the Yinqus of the Hueiji Mountain. The screen heart board can be taken out, and the middle is eight drawers that store "Lanting Eight Pillar Posts". "Some elegant sets have not existed in the future." Liu Guoliang said, but through these works, it can still show a elegant life that the literati yearn for -Qu Shui Liu, singing and elegant collection.

Regardless of the height of the temple, or at the distance of the rivers and lakes, the country is in my heart and is responsible for my body. This is the cultural spirit carried by the study.

It is reported that the exhibition of "seeing the heart of the world -the intention and image of the Chinese study" continued until October 23. This exhibition is free to visit with tickets for the Forbidden City, but you must make an appointment. According to the needs of the epidemic, according to the principle of limited, appointment, and peaks, 3,000 people per day, until the expiry of the appointment. The audience can make an appointment for the Forbidden City tickets and exhibitions through the real name of the "Palace Museum" WeChat Mini Program.

(Our newspaper, Beijing, August 30th. Reporter Li Yun)

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