Yuncheng Salt Insurance Center launched the Salt Lake Water System Survey on the 322nd Day

Title: There is a 1915 "Hedong Salt Pond" from the National Library of Yanchi History Museum in the Municipal Salt Insurance Center. The drawing on the picture is except the well -known duck pond in the east side of the salt pond. Between the lakes, another duck pond (hereinafter referred to as the West Duck Pond) was also clearly identified.

The picture comes from the "Full Map of Hedong Yanchi" in 1915, now hidden in the National Library of China

We visited the countryside of Yongji Yuxiang, and also read a lot of historical materials. Blood, all of which are related to the West Duck Pool. But today, whether on the map or on the ground, we can no longer find any trace of the west duck pond. Where is the past?

The recent version of "Yongji City Chronicle" records: "... The duck pond has been dry for many years, and most of them have been reclaimed by Yuxiang Farm as a cultivated land." In other words, the West Duck Pool has developed into a state -owned farm in the 1950s and is located in the Yuxiang Farm. The former Yuxiang Farm was the predecessor of Jinyuxiang, Dongcun, and Wu's surname.

Whether it is the place where the West Duck Pool is, or the Shanshui River, Yao Sauswu, and the Wanwan River Sutra, and crossing areas, the three farms are undoubtedly an important node for our survey of salt lake and water system. From the previous swamp saline land to today's 10,000 acres of good fields, what kind of development has the three farms experienced? What does the "two rivers and one canal" affect the farm ... With these issues, we have entered the three farms of Yuxiang, Dongcun, and Wu surname.

The literature comes from "Yongji City Chronicle"

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The Yongji Yuxiang Farm was founded in 1954. It was originally the predecessor of the three farms: Jinyu Township, Wu Shouhu, and Dongcun. Since the establishment of the market, it has gone through 68 years of development.

According to the context of time, our footsteps of the survey of the farm have opened from Yuxiang Farm. Luo Yujun, general manager of Shanxi Yuxiang Farm Co., Ltd., presided over the symposium. Shanxi Yuxiang Farm Co., Ltd. Chief of the Production Division of the Production Section of Shanxi, and Guo Wenyuan, the head of the one -point venue, attended the discussion.

The historical source of the Xiduchi Pond

Regarding the farm, the West Duck Pool was located in history. Because of the age, most people on the farm knew for the first time. They only knew that the farm was located in a low -lying, salt -alkali, and did not want to have its historical origins.

According to the "Yuxiang County Chronicle" of the Qing Dynasty: "The duck pond is in the north of the county, and the mountains and valleys of the mountains will return. The rain is rising. Sun Chang and other villages entered the surname of Wu in the north. "At that time, the west duck pond land was low -lying, and most of the landscapes at the middle of the middle of the middle of the mountains in the south were brought together, which had an extremely important flood and degeneration effect.

During Tang Tianyou, in order to prevent bandits and floods, at that time, Zhixian launched the masses on the periphery of the city walls and dug two moats that are different from the distance between the mountains.

The west duck pond in history, according to "Water Sutra Note. 涑 Water Note": Twenty -five miles of east and west, north -south Bayi, Guangxu "Shanxi Tongzhi. Mountains and River Test" , It is 1,549 feet long. "There are large swamp wetlands and wasteland around the pond. Since the Ming Dynasty, the troops have been in the field of troops.

From the full map of Yuxiang in the Qing Dynasty, we can see that the ducks are south of the duck, from the east of the Shenjiaying, Liu Jiaying, the East and West of the East, and the East of East and West. North of the duck pond, east of Mamura, Tuli, cards, Huangqiying, Tai Changying. The duck pond is long, the north and south are short, and it becomes a shuttle shape.

The whole map of Yuxiang, "Yuxiang County Chronicle" in the Qing Dynasty

If today's Map of Yongji City is placed with the full map of Yuxiang on the "Yu Xiang County" in the Qing Dynasty, you will find that the location of today's Yuxiang Farm is basically reunited with the original West Duck Pool position, and the scope is roughly similar to the scope. : East to the west of Muracun, Liujiaying in the south, the west with the surname of Wu, and the south of Yao Saho.

Historical background and development context

The construction of Yuxiang Farm has a special historical background. During this period, the names and names have been changed, and Dongcun Farm and Wu's Lake Farm have been separated.

In June 1953, Chairman Mao proposed the general route of the transition period of "socialist transformation and socialist construction at the same time". Subsequently, the National Economic Work Conference proposed the "first five -year plan". In the context of this political and historical, the North China Administration Commission has built the construction of the "Yuncheng Machinery Farm" and launched an early aviation test and field survey.

In May 1954, the superior appointed the former secretary of the Yuxiang County Party Committee, Yu Zeng, and was responsible for using the state -owned resources of the surname of Wu and Beach to build a farm. In July of that year, 10 tractors aid from the Soviet Union, and the first imported tractor in the history of Yongji in the history of the farm, first realized the "cultivated land without cattle" to shake the entire Jinnan.

On October 1, 1956, with the approval of the Central North China Administrative Committee, the "State -owned Jieyu Mechanical Farm" was officially established and the first leader was the first leader. This is the predecessor of the three farms.

The farm was originally affiliated to the management of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agriculture. It is one of the largest farms in the province with grain, cotton, and oil of up to 276,000 yuan in total agricultural output values ​​in the annual farm.

In 1959, the State -owned Jieyu Machinery Farm was put down from the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agricultural to the Jinnan exclusive water conservancy bureau. Due to the rise in the underground water level of the farm, the expansion of the water surface, and the main operation of the aquaculture, it was renamed as a state -owned Jinnan Wuhu fishing ground. In April 1960, the state -owned Jinnan Wu surnamed Lake Fisheries set out 5,5830 acres of land and land to newly built Dongcun Farm.

On September 17, 1962, the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agriculture exclusively recovered the state -owned Jinnan Wuhu fishing ground from the surname of Jinnan, and was renamed the State -owned Shanxi Wuhuanghu Fishing Fishing Field. In the winter of 1968, the Xinhua Wuqi Gan School was established on the Fourth Farm team. The former president of Xinhua News Agency Zhu Muzhi had studied and lived here for two years. On February 1, 1970, the Shanxi Provincial Revolutionary Commission changed the state -owned Shanxi Wu Nongyu fishing ground to the Wuqi Gan School of Wuqi, Shanxi Province, and was led by the core group of the Shanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee to implement military control. On November 14, the spirit of the Labor Reform Office of the Shanxi Provincial Revolutionary Committee notified the spirit of the Labor Reform Office, and was also renamed Yuxiang Farm, Shanxi Province, and belonged to the Labor Reform Bureau of the Shanxi Provincial Public Security Department.

In May 1971, 43,723 acres of land from Yuxiang Farm, Shanxi Province, and newly built Wu Lake Farm.

On October 1, 1974, the farm was renamed again in Yongji Yuxiang Farm, Shanxi Province. It was named in Yongji Yuxiang Labor Camp in Shanxi Province in 1981. In June 2014, it was renamed in Yongji Yuxiang, Shanxi Province for compulsory isolation and detoxification, and land rights were state -owned.

The flood of the north of Zhongjiao Mountain stretches for 103 kilometers, forming a large area of ​​salted land in the Xia County and Xieyu area.

Luo Yujun said that after the completion of the farm, it mainly focused on the transformation of saline -alkali land, and experienced the reclamation of saline -alkali beaches to "a large amount of national commodity grain and industrial raw materials" before the development of agriculture, fisheries and animal husbandry Nearly a thousand urban educated youths and social idlers, to do more than thousands of "employment" special sessions of "two labor" releases; from the establishment of labor education venues, to the opening of judicial administrative detoxification work, always serving the overall situation of the country, assuing a special mission, and a special mission. Essence

The relationship between water system and salt pond

From the map, we can see that Yao Sauswu entered the west of Wu's surname along the north of the Dongcun Farm to the north of the Erxiang Farm to the north. Previously, when I was investigating in Qingtou Town, we have learned that Yao Sausqu has abandoned the old river to divert the "drainage total drying". Enter the "total drainage".

This "total drainage" that is vital to Yanchi is called "new canal" by the farm people. It is imported on Yuxiang Farm and exported on Yuxiang Farm. It was in 1962. Drainage canal excavated in the farm. After the implementation of farmland drainage and discharge projects in the hinterland of Yongji East after 1983, more than 250,000 acres of farmland floods in more than 250,000 acres of farmland in the north, Kaizhang Zhang, and Qingtou town in Yongji City were ranked into it. "General". It is precisely because of this "new canal" that the water from the upper reaches of Yao Sausquers and the saltchi nitrate beach can successfully enter the lake of Wu and eventually flow into the Yellow River.

In addition to Yao Sauswu and the total drainage, there is another important river in the salt lake water system in the farm -Wanwan River. Bay Wan Heyuan Qi Yuxiang Shishiyu, from Taojia Kiln from Shiwei Village to the north Jing Gu Temple, Tunli, Ma Village, Shenjiaying, Liujiaying, Liuyang Dynasty, Pingxuan and other villages to the surname Lake. From Ma Cun to the lake of Wu, three -quarters of the Wanwan River flowed through Yuxiang Farm.

Although the groundwater of the farm is shallow, the shallow water saline is serious and cannot be used and irrigated. There are 39 wells with a total of 39 eyes below 300 meters in the farm. It is used for agricultural production and living water. Drinking water uses the uniform water supply of Fengbaiyu.

In terms of sewage treatment, at present, the farm has its own sewage treatment plant, with a design processing capacity of 260 cubic per day, and the actual treatment is 220 square meters per day. The processing of the processing of the water is completely complied with the drainage standards, and the total drainage is dry. Luo Yujun told us that the next step is to upgrade the sewage treatment to three levels, and it is effectively utilized for Zhongshui for garden greening. The farm must make its own contribution to "ahdi water into the Yellow River" with its own power.

Guo Wenyuan is a veteran of farm agriculture. He said that in the 1970s and 1980s, there were water at the door of the farm, fish and shrimp in the water, and surrounded by swamps. Also row. After the severe land anti -alkali, the farm carried out dug -in -alkali, and dug more than 50,000 meters of alkali grooves in the farmland. These alkaline grooves connected to each other, staggered, and finally entered the "new canal". Through alkali and phenomenon in the farm site, the phenomenon of pantonosaus in the farm has been effectively improved, and since then, a new situation of farming -oriented development has been opened.

Industrial layout and scale income

Luo Yujun told us that Yuxiang Farm covers an area of ​​about 16,735 acres, of which 13,620 acres of arable land. The use of land is mainly divided into cultivated land and special land. Special land refers to industrial land. It is the corresponding factory established in order to increase the employment of labor camps when the farm has undertaken the skills training of labor camps in the past few years.

At present, the farm cultivation land is mostly contracted in foreign countries, planting wheat, corn and a small number of economic forests. After years of land transformation, wheat has reached more than 500 kilograms from the earliest average per mu, and the average yield yield of corn has reached more than 550 kg, which is basically the same as Yongji. Especially this year's average wheat output is nearly 700 kilograms, which is about 100 kilograms higher than the people per mu.

According to reports, there are 10065.13 acres of farm cultivated land as the national grain production function zone, mainly planting grain crops such as wheat, corn, sorghum, soybeans. From 2019 to 2020, the farm has also been built with a standardized demonstration park of 149 acres of fruits. At present, it is mainly planted with sunshine roses, summer black, sapphire, and Karen. The benefits of grapes of greenhouses are very considerable. The harvest of the sun in the sun has reached 30 yuan. In addition, there are 381 acres of economic forests and 39 acres of vegetables such as jujube trees and persimmon trees. The current production and operation of the farm is mainly agricultural and supplemented by industry, with an annual income of more than 10 million yuan.

The worry of "water"

Low -lying, originally the historical reasons for flooding and lakes- "Shui Yan" is almost accompanied by the development of Yuxiang farm.

Most of the older farmers have retired. In the memory of today's farmers, in addition to the last year, the more serious floods were the floods decades ago. From September 3rd to 19th, 2011, there were continuous rainy weather, with a total rainfall of 280.2 mm, 202.1 mm more than the same period of the year, and all 13,443 acres of crops in the farm were flooded, and the direct economic loss reached 12.8015 million yuan.

Ten years later, in September 2021, a 60 -year -old continuous rainfall, once again brought serious disasters to the farm. The farm farm was severely accumulated in farmland, and the crops were flooded. Except for the venue, the disaster rate reached 100%, and the 9931 acres of grain crops were dead. The 1435 acres of economic forests and fallen leaves and fruits were serious. The 163 acres of vineyards were flooded and economic losses reached 31.306 million yuan.

At the wall of the farm, Luo Yujun pointed at the watermark of about a meter of high on the wall and told us that this was a trace of water drowning last year. Deep cm, with a large pump for more than half a month. Agricultural one -sale office area, family courtyard, leased venue, grapefields, greenhouse vegetables watching houses, reserve capacity buildings, fruit and vegetable fresh libraries, etc. are also severely flooded.

"When collecting crops last year, farmers scratched boats, kayaks, large aluminum pots, and wearing rain pants to collect corn and persimmons. There was no way. The firebirds are full of fish. "Luo Yujun said." The locust trees and landscape trees in the field area were all soaked by the water.

The flood also caused severe damage to the water wells, and many nozzles and drip irrigation eyes of irrigation facilities were destroyed.

"Shui Yan" thought

In addition to the heavy rain that has not been encountered in 60 years, and the historical reasons in the low -lying lying, the severe water floods and salt -alkali of farmland last year were also related to the poor drainage of Yao Sausqu, the total drainage of the drainage, and the Wanwan River.

In recent years, with the gradual increase of the drainage volume of the upstream Yao Sausa and Nita beach, especially the three -level drainage stations of the nitric pond beach, the drainage water level rises, and the channels are not involved. The water in the surrounding area is pressed up, which often causes farmland waterlogging. Especially, like heavy rain last year, the drainage was full of water, almost the dam, and the surrounding water could not be drained into the canal, which caused a large area of ​​the farm to be flooded. This is the same as the situation of the villages along the Yao Sausa channel in Yongji, which we previously investigated.

Luo Yujun said that the government did anti -seepage treatment of Yao Sausqu, which passed the Dongcun farm, and had a good effect. If the channels for drying the drainage can also be made into anti -seepage, the situation should be much better.

We saw the old river of Yao Sausqu on the farm. Several of the river and horizon, occupied by weeds and trees, look barren. The staff told us that from the earthen bridge to the river, the river was about 9 kilometers, and someone had seen someone cleaning the river in eight years.

"In addition to the anti -seepage of the drainage, if the old river channel of Yao Sausqu can be renovated and restored, the upstream is diverted to reduce the total pressure of the drainage in order to fundamentally solve the problem. It is the total flow to the drainage, but now it can only be drawn through the pump. To this end, the farm has also built a special rollover station. "Luo Yujun said.

"The rise of water levels in the canal is a reason, but in addition, the water surface of the lake surnamed in the lower reaches gradually expands. The water level in the lake continues to rise and the riverbed increase is also an important reason for the poor drainage. It is nearly 2 meters high. Standing at the junction point of Wu and Farm, the naked eye can see that the water level is getting higher and higher, the water surface is getting wider, and the water coming from the top is difficult to flow in. "

"Dongcun is the starting point. The surname of Wu is in the lower reaches, and Yuxiang is in the middle. The water from Dongcun and Yanchi is all in this piece. There are three branches of drainage. The general trunk, all of which advanced through culverts. There were no water flip facilities. It could not be drained to form an inverted irrigation. The water level rose, and the land in the village was all drowned. It is not tight in Tsinghua's land in the south. The place where the place is Yuxiang Farm. All the roads from Yuxiang to Huangying were flooded, and the car could not pass. Some staff on the farm could not come to work. The farm was more than 13,000 acres of land last year. It has been 2,000 acres. There are hundreds of acres of water, and some places look dry on the surface, but as soon as they enter the car, they fall in.

"It can obviously feel that the water level in the farm is two meters higher than before. After years of improvement of saline -alkali land, the water surface is high, and the land on both sides of the canal is severely affected.

The group came to the vegetable greenhouse with Luo Yujun and others. It was clear that the vegetables in the three sheds in the north had blossomed and fruitful. Only the vegetable seedlings in the south with high groundwater levels had not grown. The weeds grow lush. There are also Wanwan River that brings water to the farm. There is basically a river in the upper reaches of the Wanwan River. The river channels entering the farm have not been repaired for many years. The surname of the lake, the water flowing upstream of the rain last year was directly flowing in the farm, causing a large area of ​​farmland to be flooded.

It is understood that the Ganshui River Yongji section of the Yongji section of the Yongji River in the Yongji River in the Yongji River in the Yongji River is being implemented. After the completion, the ability of the Laoshuihe River will reach 50 flows, reaching a flood control standard for 20 years. At that time The ability to do the flood will also be effectively improved. At the same time, the Wanwan River River Road Management Project has begun to be implemented gradually, and will be completed within two years -a number of water ecological restoration and governance projects that Yongji are being implemented will be the high -quality development of the farm and help the farm.

Luo Yujun told us, "After the total danger of heavy rain and drainage last year, the Yongji Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government attached great importance to the on -site office and reinforced channels. The machine solved the urgent need, and provided a lot of support and help for the farm. "

"It can be said that after the disaster last year, the entire flood prevention system of the farm has been improved, and emergency plans and emergency supplies are more complete. We will be affected

After the report was reported, the province allocated more than 10 million special funds for the reinforcement of the wall of the governance venue, the excavation, dredging, and reinforcement of farmland flood drainage (alkali) channels, including the river channels in the category. Although the damage caused by the disaster cannot be recovered in the short term, the support of governments at all levels gives us confidence to do these things. "

Make sure that the grapes are 2500 catties, and the yields of grain crop wheat and corn will reach 1,000 catties and 1100 catties, respectively ...

Let the historically saline -alkali land and deserted beaches become 10,000 acres of green granary -Luo Yujun said that this is the original intention of several generations of Yuxiang farmers. The footsteps of the salt security people's exploring water system are still continuing ...

Han Rui Chen Chen, Jia Bingyao Xue Jixin

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