What is "Word Alchemist"?Interview with "Night with Hamlet" translator and poetic scholar Zhao Si

Cover news reporter Zhang Jie

Czech poet Vladimir Horland (1905-1980), known as "poets in the poet" and "Words of Words", was nominated for Nominy Awards many times during his lifetime, which has greatly influenced the European and American poetry scenes. Born in Prague, he has been a small staff and editor. He has been separated for a long time, and has a special job writing. He has left more than 30 poems, prose collections and translation works in hermit -like life. Milan Kundera once praised Holland: "We can compare him with Rilke or Valeri."

The most outstanding long poem "The Night of Hamlet" in contemporary Czech literature introduced the Chinese world for the first time

"Night with Hamlet" is a masterpiece of Holang, with the reputation of "the most outstanding poem in contemporary Czech literature". This work is a collection of Inspiration of Holay in the long years. The original draft was the disconnection sentences on writing materials such as small paper, movie tickets, and invitation letters. It finally became a chapter. The publication of his work has made him nominated many times and has become a unique classic in the history of Czech literature. As the most prestigious work of Homorant, "Night with Hamlet" is also considered to be the most important and most translated poems in the Modern Modern Poetry of the Czech Republic.

In August 2022, the translation of "Night with Hamlet" translated by Zhao Si was introduced by Yazhong Culture and published by Beijing United Publishing Company. This is also the first time in the Chinese world. The translator is Zhao Si, a senior poetry translator, spent a year, studied many information, and wrote a very wonderful poetic article "Russian Poetist" (included in the book).

Zhao Si wrote in the article, "If we believe in the claims of Ellen Po, Holang actually provides us with a specific operation method that does not" water "in contemporary writing. With this method, the poets who rely on the river involved in the river are unremittingly found that the emotions, emotions, and cognition of the emotion, emotions, and cognition can be born to finally maintain the highest "poem" intensity of each line of poems (also The long poem of lyrical short poems). "

For Volkswagen readers, the name Vladimir Horland is still unfamiliar. He and his poems are still a big mystery. His classic works are translated into Chinese. How do we know and read his work? The cover reporter interviewed Zhao Si and asked her to explain it in detail for the reader.

Zhao Si was born in Shanghai in November 1972. He is currently the deputy editor of "Poetry". She wrote poetry, as a doctor of literature, and has long been engaged in poetry translation and is a poetic scholar. She has published more than ten species and translations, including the collection of poems "White Crows", "Disappearing, Memory", "In a Lightning", Slovakia poem collection "Leave and Return", etc.; Mongolian large -scale poems selection "The Tower of Blu -ray Pillow", "The Congress of the Sun Boiling", Holang's "Night with Hamlet", Ted Hughes "Crow", "Song of Season", "Selected Poetry of Lilben", etc. Another poetic article "Revolutionary Evolutionary Evolutionary Evolutionary Evolution of Western Modern Poetry", "Translation and Translation, Very Translated" and "Russian Ear Poets", etc., edited "Homer Medal Laurea Poet Translation".

Zhao Si (I have a picture of myself)

Holang is known as "poets in poets" and "alchemy warlocks of words"

Cover news: In the introduction of Holang, he mentioned that he was born in Prague, worked as a small staff and editor, and later left in groups for a long time. Works set. It feels a bit like Kafka. In your research, what aspects of the greatness of Vladimir Horland is specifically reflected in? Why is he called one of the greatest poets of the Czech Republic and known as "the poet in the poet"? I heard that he has been nominated for the Nobel Prize, which has a great impact on European and American poetry. Please talk about it.

Zhao Si: In the contemporary, a poet will be known as "the poet in the poet" in a language. There is only one case, that is, he is a master of "poetry language". Warlock. Once, in the era of the most ambitious modern poetry, the poets were pursuing the alchemy warlock of language, and the current situation is more chaotic. In the era of lack of real literary pioneers, some of them still pursue language difficulties, and some have become words. The air rotation operation, giving up language difficulty, lowering all the way, some even reached saliva poems.

Cover news: Please talk about how to be "alchemy of words"?

Zhao Si: If we want to explore what "alchemy of words" is "alchemy of words" from the epistemology level, we will see that a poet, whether his starting point is will psychology (desire poetics) or deep psychology, once you are intoxicated with this phrase, fascinating this word, fascinating, and illusory of this language. Although he dominated by emotional power in the writing process, the process of cognition that seemed to be meaningless in the collision of self -collisions (real non -) became "knowledge", not reproduction of known knowledge. The result of the cognitive behavior of the appearance is to obtain the poet's "spiritual knowledge". This kind of rhetoric surpasses the theory of metaphor, from the ancient psychological tradition, from the "cognitive-action-truth-discourse" from that unified effect. The tradition of integration. For example, you can look at a few poems like Holang: He first said that even if a person has a soul with rich reserves, "... you are still a beings/being fixed by the hatred of a man and woman wing. /In the fleeting form ... "If you want to understand these poems in prose, you will think that this is a man and a woman. Wings, this is probably a metaphor for people to have a lingering life that is lingering. This life is actually fleeting. Men and women are nothing more than a fast -flesh form ... You need to feed Many sentences are unavoidable to understand, but they are always biased, but how perfect these three poems are! It will not be interpreted how much the understanding it expresses. No matter how you explain it, they exude their own lights like gold, and the light that is obtained through language. This is a typical "Alchemy". A poet can write such a poem, and in front of the poetry experts around the world, they will be revered. We will not be convinced of a lot of branches, but in the face of such verses, you will bow their heads. Cover news: As the most prestigious work of Homorant, "Night with Hamlet" is also considered to be the most important and most translated poem in the Modern Modern Poetry of the Czech Republic. In your opinion, where is the excellence of this work? What specific impact does this work bring in the West? In the Chinese poet circle, what is the cognitive situation in the poetry circle?

Zhao Si: Part of this question, the previous answer has been answered. The world's world influence occurred through the great language art creativity he knew value. Here I will add to the excellence of its theme. Holang is a poet who bravely stands in the core position of Western literature and culture. He boldly accepts Shakespeare's invitation. Although the poet T.S. Eliot believes that "Hamlet" is a failure of aesthetics, the poet W.H. Oden regards Hamlet as a pure actor and can only determine his existence of the scene according to others. Hamlet understands the core position of Hamlet in Western classic literature, and makes such a fictional character a "free self -artist" who exists from drama and activities. This statement is a judgment of a philosopher Hegel, and it will become a literary belief that criticize everyone like Harold Bloom in the future.

Burum often said, "Shakespeare becomes the center of Western classics at least because Hamlet is the center of the classic. The kind of free reflection internal trial consciousness is still the most essential of all Western images. Without it, there is no Western classic ... "". The protagonist of Holang's long poem is such a poet Hamlet, a poet -shaped Hamlet, who survived the spiritual ascetic path four hundred years later.

Cover news: What are the biggest feelings of translation of Homorant's "Night with Hamlet"? What do you want this book to cause domestic literature and poetry readers to respond?

Zhao Si: Translation of Homorant's "The Night with Hamlet", my biggest feeling is the beauty of the essence of essence. I hope that the domestic poet colleagues can recognize that the poet's ideal should still be a "alchemy warlock of words", from the language You can't defeat or be able to defeat. I also want to say a few words about the long text "The Russian Erusian Poet". When translating "The Night of Hamlet" at that time, I intuitively Holang must be a Russian poet, so I published this long poem while publishing this long poem It took more than a year to read all kinds of books on ancient Greek culture. I initially sorted out this problem. I also hope that poetry scholars can continue to study this problem. A subtle, language master poet, almost none of Russian poets, so this problem itself is valuable and important poetic problem.

Cover News: As an expert in studying modern western poetry, you are also literary translators who translate Western poetry. Please talk about how you embarked on this road? What does this major bring your own life, especially spiritual life?

Zhao Si: In 2005, by chance, in the book publishing project organized by Poetry Monthly, I published a collection of poetry "White Crows", which made me return to the field of poetry in the way of studying for many years. When the professional direction of literature determines the topic selection of doctoral dissertations, I decided to study Western modern poetics (this study was continued during the post -doctoral period). At that time, a concept of "generating poetics" was gradually formed. The writing method began behind Lanbo) the biggest difference between all poetry, including romantic poetry, that is, as a "generating poetry" that occurred in study, can explain the uniqueness and value of modern poetry. Poetry and reading are my lifestyle, life form, self -choice, and destined to hit, so it is difficult to say what it will bring, because you are in it too much. "If a poet wants to go long -term, there is a continuous growth point."

Cover news: Many people are more inclined to think that poetry creation is mainly from inspiration, which is a talent for language. There are indeed many people who have written good aura poems by talent without mastering a lot of knowledge. What do you think, talent and knowledge, the role of writing poetry, and the relationship between them?

Zhao Si: Poems are different, and they are not related to books. I naturally believe that every real poet is born. But if every poet wants to go long, there is a constant growth point. Relying on the initial talent, a person can write a good poem for a period of time. This is obvious to all, but it is often exhausted quickly. How to make yourself active in living water is a thing that needs to be continuously constructed from the form of life to the quality of reading. Reading is a must, but as a poet, you'd better read your own interests. You can simultaneously expand reading and deepen your spiritual system with poetry writing. For example, a poet read some theological or brain science research. It is much helpful for the logical philosophy. It is unnecessary for poets to read, but it is impossible to not read books. Each poet needs to establish a reading system of his own, build his own secret library, where you can become your paradise, where you are also a hometown of writing.

The problem you mentioned, in fact, is the most convincing example. His education is not high, and he is working in high school, but he is the most international poet in his generation of Czech poetry. While writing poetry and doing poetry translation, he also did a lot of work to revise the translation of linguists into the work of poetry. A world poetry database.

"Poetry can become a way of existence of life"

Cover news: Many people know that the standard of manuscripts of literary translation is low, and the general work of literary translation is a relatively poor job. What is your experience? What are the motivation and attractiveness to be willing to engage in literary translation? Like poetry translation, it is a niche in the niche. When do you do this job, will you feel a sense of loneliness?

Zhao Si: The hustle and bustle of the world, consuming people, loneliness, and being able to produce is sometimes a true blessing for creators. In a person's life, what you can do by himself is enough to make people happy. Because the real poets are not material, sometimes we find that the more "hollow" the poet, the easier it is to become a good poet. Well, you can live it, you can deal with it into a simple model. I am a poet translator. Because I am a translated poetry editor, I ca n’t help but do more poetry translation. Making poetry translation is still a bit beneficial to writing poetry. I just need to prepare the time. I am currently completed the book and After the translation of Ted Hughes's "Crow" and "Song of Season", this year, he focused his main energy on his own poetry creation. In the past few years, for me, it is a good time for reading. The article "Russian Erusist Poet" is also the result of reading at this stage. I am now just in the age group of a new growth point of poetry, so the new collection of poems I plan will be named "Time Tree & Poetry Selection". Some creative fruits.

In this regard, Holang is a typical example of our. From 1948-1968, in the 20 years, he lived on the first floor of a small Baroque building on the villa of Villa in Prague. Only with some relatives and friends. This kind of life that is out of life is actually helping him completely immersed in the state of poetry, so that if he does not write poems for a few days, he will have physiological discomfort. Poetry can become a way of existence of life. His "Night with Hamlet" was in the eight years of this period. Every time he was inspired, he recorded the words and sentences on small paper, movie tickets, invitation letters, printing paper. Later, the editor -in -chief who loved his poetry brought a typography by Ster, and continued to urge that the two of them listened, organized, deleted, and modified them together. Finally, they finally came out. So for poets, he or she is a kind of creature that can live in the inner world. He (she) also penetrates all kinds of reality with the inner power, so that poetry will be effective. But sometimes, I also have the need to walk around the world. Although I ca n’t get on space, I have not faded on the earth and enhanced their interests everywhere. It is just a good thing when the conditions are not allowed to read and immerse themselves in the literary and history world. "Poetry always belongs to people who need poetry"

Cover news: In the era of rushing and uncertainty, how do you think of pure literature, especially poetry, the value and significance of its existence? It seems to be the easiest to be ignored, but it seems to be most comfortable and powerful.

Zhao Si: Poetry belongs to an ancient cultural form. Its knowledge carrier function, religious function, and healing function is supreme before the text civilization. People, although it is inevitable that it is an ambiguous truth. It is precisely because people still remember the lofty nature of poetry that poetry will always have a place in the altar. Even if the gods are far away and the altar is empty, however, the memory of people in unconsciousness is immortal. of. However, the reality of division of labor, fragmented, and control theory is that poetry must face today, and it will be lowered by its intention or unintentional unknowing. However, the source of poetry, mythical thinking, or God's workmanship, this whole -sex way still has a poetry in poetry. It can heal the meaningless fragmentation of the soul. The more original power, the stronger this function. "Trauma source" is an important starting point for the creativity of the poet. It is also the inner needs of some people who did not need poetry, but after being trained, because it has healing function, it can transform the soul, bridge the fragments, and the fragments. Make it "reborn". Poetry is always a person who needs poetry. Whether a person must be a poet or a real poetry reader, let them happen in coincidence and natural state, although the enlightenment education of poetry (including modern poetry) becomes part of the content of citizen education Essence

Cover news: In your opinion, what are the most pronounced misunderstandings about poetry now? What misunderstandings? I rarely see novels with serious literary types (except for entertainment) that caused heated discussion among the people. In recent years, the most vocal controversy, the most popular is the new poem. In addition to the development of the Internet media and the limited level of new poems, is it related to the unclear understanding of the new poems by ordinary people? Many people do not understand that the reason why classical poetry is beautiful and advanced is related to the development and precipitation of thousands of years. In ancient times, there were a lot of bad poems, but they were only eliminated. Now because of the existence of the Internet platform, the poems written will be spread. What do you think?

Zhao Si: Your question is very good. I don't know if I have the ability to answer. Because I have been accustomed to doing what I have identified for a long time, it is a bit like Holang. Try not to let the chaotic phenomenon world disturb the inner heart. A poet, except for his own inch heart, no other poetic source, he or she must have to be. Mastening to maintain it well, the heart is troubled, and the text will definitely hurt the text.

Since the 20th century, there have been various concepts about poetry. One is that everyone can write poems, and everything can be entered; the other is to write a real good poem so difficult, so that a lyrical poet can pursue the best achievements in their lives. The later generations are only five or six. The latter concept is actually realistic. If you want to pass on the future, the only master of this master must be selected. Only the purest poems can be selected. There are many songs, which can be selected as "Three Hundred Tang Poems", can there be geometry? The previous concept is idealism and the idea of ​​the revolutionary. I personally think that people can feel poetic, poetic, and poetic fun, but becoming a poet must have a language talent, and rely on the poetic spirit to refine poetry. A literati, once you write, you need to keep in mind: Every word you write will finally become you, so no matter what kind of ideals you have, what you write and how to write, you can never avoid, you can never avoid, you can never avoid it. No excuses.

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