Gujian's new and old dialectics

The woodcarving beam pillar of Tianhou Palace in Shantou City.

Protect the old bricks and tiles with the latest technology, inherit ancient memories with the latest concepts, and practice ancient lines with the most fashionable identity ...

◎ "Southern" magazine reporter ∕ Shadow from Guangzhou, Chaozhou, Shantou and other places

◎ Editor in this article 玉 Jiang Yu

For thousands of years, Nandue Civilization has continued to inherit and the context has continued. Ancient architecture records the social culture, humanistic style, and regional characteristics of the time. They are the carrier of historical context and the recorder of Nanyue cultural memory.

Generally speaking, academically, buildings were collectively referred to as ancient buildings 1840; buildings built between 1840 and 1949 were collectively referred to as modern architecture; new buildings built after 1949 were collectively referred to as modern buildings. However, in the eyes of the people, the buildings with "old age", "old age" and "ancient meaning" are ancient buildings, and the word "ancient construction" has gradually become one of the new focus of the whole society.

Inherit ancient memories with the latest concepts, practice ancient construction lines with the most fashionable identity, and protect the old bricks with the latest technology ... Between "new" and "old", Nanyue Gujian is a new and new. Unique value.

Old subject, new concept

In the three volts in July, the sun was hot. Under the wall of the ancient city of Chaozhou, a research team composed of multiple departments such as Housing Construction, Human Resources, Cultural Tourism, Planning, Urban Management, and Propaganda passed through the city and came to Hanjiang. In the inspection route, there was no place here.

"Whether the building reflects the historical style at the time", "How to tell the story of the secret traffic line accurately", "how to improve the verification process of the transit station" ... Focusing on these issues, the research team revised Projects "conduct in -depth discussions.

This is a scene experienced by the reporter of the "Southern" magazine to strengthen the special survey (East Line) of the Census Census of Guangdong Province.

There are many collaborative units and the extensive topics, which is an ordinary scene of the province's promotion of historical and cultural protection. From project ideas to expert demonstrations, what, how to do, who do it, and discuss one ring and one ring.

"The weather is hot, but everyone's strength is sufficient. It can be seen that all departments have sufficient sense of responsibility and awe." Said Liao Jiangling, a second -level inspector of the Guangdong Housing and Urban -Rural Development Department of Guangdong Province.

In recent years, various departments have reached a consensus on the emphasis on historical and cultural work, and have realized the systematic transformation from the previous positions to the present.

Liao Jiangling said in an interview with the "Southern" magazine reporter that in recent years, the province has gradually established the "1+2+3+N" policy and standard specification system, which includes a set of documents. "Compilation of Data", two work guidelines- "Guidelines for the Protection and Utilization of Historical Buildings and Traditional Buildings of Guangdong Province (Trial)", "Guangdong History and Cultural District Protection Signs Protection Signing Requirements and Listed Guidelines (Trial)", three provincial levels Technical standards and N work standards and processes.

The idea is clear and energetic. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the connotation of cultural relics and resources throughout the province has continued to expand, the system is increasingly complete, and the total growth has increased significantly. In the past ten years, a total of 856 million yuan of national cultural relics protection special funds, and provincial key cultural relics protection special funds have invested 1.01 billion yuan; Guangdong Province's national key cultural relics protection units increased by 98.5%from 2012; Guangdong Provincial cultural relics protection units increased from 2012 from 2012 99.3%. In addition to cultural relics, historical buildings have also been effectively protected. In 2021, 57 counties (cities in the province) through a serious census realized the annual work goal of "county and county establishment of historical building protection list".

"In the past ten years, everyone has changed the views of ancient building protection. Ancient building is not only displayed in the museum, but it should be combined with protection and development to discover the value of ancient building. Now it has become the consensus of relevant departments." South China has become South China. "South China has become South China." Zheng Lipeng, a professor at the School of Architecture of the University of Science and Technology and the National Insurance Unit of the State Cultural Relics Bureau, believes that many leading cadres have thought that ancient construction was "unmoved". When you are sick, someone will be more likely to find problems and take medicine. For most ancient construction, rational use is the best way. "He said.

Old craftsman, new identity

Sanzhan Village, Shawan Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou is a famous "craftsman village" in Panyu. Most of the woodcarvings of the Chen Family Temple came from the hands of the "Three Good Craftsmen" at that time. There is a first -teacher temple in the village with a history of more than 300 years. It is the only "Luban Temple" currently discovered in Guangdong and one of the earliest Luban Temple in Southeast Asia.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the famous poet and scholar Qu Dashan recorded the folk proverb in his "New Language of Guangdong": "Suzhou, Guangzhou craftsman."

Time 荏苒. Today's Nanyue architect has become an "expert" from "craftsman". The change of this title is actually the change of identity connotation, and it is also recognition of the social value of this group of people. Not only do they have a technology, they also carry forward and inherit a culture.

In recent years, the whole province has advocated and promoted the "craftsmanship spirit", attaching importance to traditional architectural art and technology inheritance, Guangdong has gone at the forefront of the country. The reporter sorted out and found that a series of awards related to talents related to talents such as "Guangdong Traditional Architecture Craftsman", "Guangdong Provincial Rural Craftsman", "Nanyue Craftsman", and "Guangdong Arts and Crafts Master" were successively established and issued to inspire and cultivate a large number of ancient buildings to repair and protect the repair and protection of ancient buildings expert.

Recently, Guangzhou's largest single -sided gray plastic officially appeared in Yongqingfang. It is based on the title of hero kapok, let people remember nostalgia. The gray plastic work was operated by Shao Chengcun, a national inheritor of Lingnan ash plastic. The colorful gray plastic has not only aesthetic value, but also contains the wisdom of the building of Lingnan people. Ouyang Lun is an expert in renovation of ancient buildings and the head of the construction of Yongqingfang Repair and Reinforcement Project. As a member of the Guangdong Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Professional Committee, he presided over the projects including Yongqingfang, Kaiping Diaolou, and Xiangkeng Village, Heyuan. He said: "The micro -change in the historical district is not a big demolition and large construction. It will restore and repair the original appearance of their period during the repair process."

Shao Chengcun and Ouyang Lun are the epitome of tens of millions of Cantonese craftsmen. From "craftsman" to "experts", the value of this profession is being recognized, making them more fulfilling.

Old method, new technology

In the process of protection of ancient buildings, the progress of science and technology is inseparable. From maintenance to monitoring to digital display, Gujian was protected in all directions because of the blessing of technology.

"Ancient architecture once played an important role in society. When we repair it, it can rejuvenate new vitality and have a close connection with real life." Cao Jin, president of the Guangdong Institute of Cultural Relics, said.

Gu Jian's "plain face" is inevitable, and it can only be rejuvenated to the world after maintenance.

The Shan Shitang, located at No. 14, Shitou Village, Shilou Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, is a typical example. Shan Shitang is the Chen Family Ancestral Temple in Panyu Shilou. It has a history of nearly 500 years. It took three years to repair it before reappearing the ancient charm and style.

"When the restoration was just started, only the main building was left, and some courtyard walls had been pushed down. Faced with this situation, our construction method was very cautious. In order to ensure that the viewing and spatial texture after the repair was not affected, the latest ones often needed to use the latest ones. Technical and means. "Ouyang Lun, the person in charge of construction, said to the reporter of" Southern "magazine that in the repair of the" Six Chuan Guang Fan "archway, they adopted a new technology of stone drilling and pumping. The built -in steel pipe reinforced cage method effectively improves the earthquake resistance and wind resistance and ensures the safety of the archway.

Ancient buildings are often complicated and faced with many tests, such as groundwater levels, changes in atmospheric quality, and transportation. Due to the regulations of ancient construction protection, security, fire safety, etc., the monitoring methods and monitoring methods of ancient building itself are also greatly limited.

Shi Haobin, director of the Cultural Relics Protection and Management Department of the Guangdong Folk Crafts Museum (Chen Family Temple) and the head of the ancient building inspection and monitoring project of the Chen Family Temple, said in an interview with reporters that the Beidou satellite positioning system can feedback various changes in ancient buildings in real time to achieve ancient ancient buildings to achieve ancient ancient buildings Real -time monitoring of architecture -related conditions.

"We use the north -north -northern satellite navigation system as the core, and collect the data of crack monitoring, inclination monitoring, stress strain monitoring, vibration monitoring, and comprehensive prevention and control of termites installed in the inside and outside of ancient buildings. In the background, the ancient building dynamic safety monitoring system is formed. "With the help of Beidou satellite, the Guangdong Folk Craft Museum successfully launched an ancient building testing and monitoring project, becoming an important experience in the prevention of high -protection grade cultural relics in Guangdong Province.

Another group of people is committed to using new technologies to shorten the distance between netizens and ancient buildings. The reporter clicked on "Guangdong History Building" under the "Guangdong Construction Special" sub -directory of the "Guangdong Housing and Urban -Rural Development Department" WeChat public account, and "touched" to historical buildings in the digital world.

It turns out that this is the data collection and display platform of the Historical Architecture of Guangdong Province, which was launched at the end of 2021, and collected more than 3,000 historical buildings in the province and displayed relevant information. Users can enrich the content of historical buildings by adding functions such as adding voice and video display, photographing upload, three -dimensional VR display, real -life navigation, and likes to achieve exchanges and interactions.

The staff of the Provincial Department of Housing and Construction told reporters that in recent years, all parts of the province have quickly established digital archives for ancient buildings, forming a "one -building" historical architectural archives, and handling effective "ID cards" for each building heritage to allow each building to allow "ID cards" to allow let It is possible for historical buildings to be passed on for a long time.

Effectively protecting, inheriting, and using historical and cultural heritage is an important cultural foundation for maintaining national cultural inheritance and enhancing national cohesion, and it is also an important manifestation of our cultural confidence.

Nanyue Wenmai is inherited here.

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