Life's praise -talk about the evolution of the word "father"

Father's Day

/Father's day/

When it comes to the word "father", the first thing we think of is the concept corresponding to the children, that is, the "dad" in the current title. Through research, it is not difficult to find that its usage is not limited to this. The Chinese characters originated from the pictographic picture of notes. It consists of three parts: shape, sound, and righteousness. This article interprets the development, word meaning and evolution of the word "father" from the perspective of writing.

Life praise

——The evolution of the word "father"

Yao Kaikai

Glyph

"Six Books" is the six regulations summarized by the structure and use of Chinese characters under the premise of collecting data from the Eastern Han Dynasty. The word "father" is one of them, belongs to the word meaning, and a vertical line on the left side of the Oracle is like a tool such as stone ax. It looks like a hand and has a hand -held tool to indicate a man who is engaged in labor. The evolution of Chinese characters is inseparable from Oracle. With the development of history, its shape has been changing.

"Father" in Yin Shang Oracle (left)

"Father" (right) in the golden text (right) in "Lin Lin"

Oracle and Jinwen's "father" shape is like holding a stone ax in one hand.

Xiaoyan "Father" in "Speaking and Solving Words"

Xiaoyan inherited the glyphs of Oracle and Golden texts. The shape of the "stone ax" was stuck together with the "again" of the "hand".

Lishu "Father" in "Sleeping Tiger Qin Jian" (left)

Lishu "Father" (right) in Cao Quanbei (right)

Most of the Han Dynasty wrote on the bamboo slips in the Han Dynasty. In order to record more text in a limited space, Xiaoyan's upright glyphs were changed to lying horizontal.

Yan Zhenqing's regular script "Father"

In order to meet the requirements of writing and aesthetics, the regular script further disassembled the strokes of Lishu into four strokes, which became the word "father" today.

From Xia Shang's highlights of the pictographs of holding the stone ax to Xiaoyan, to the Lishu after the Han and Wei dynasties, the pictograph of the "father" has continued to weaken. Through the continuous changes in the later period, the structure of the word varies, and finally the 嬗 becomes a text close to the current Chinese characters.

"Father" trace the source

There are many explanations about the "Father". The difference is above the utensils. There are mainly the following views:

Shi Ax said. Guo Moruo believes that the components prominently prominent in the word "stone ax" in the original society reflect that in the living environment of the primitive society, men are good at using stone tools to engage in production labor.

Male root said. In Jinwen's father, the utensils appeared by the father's words are close to the pictograph of the male root. The ancients' worship of reproductive culture is different from the pornographic flood of ordinary people's words, and it is precisely the praise of life. In the original period, genitals have sacred doctrine and are often worshiped by people. When the power of men is valued, coupled with the worship of reproductive culture, the most significant characteristics of their bodies demonstrate the main status of men in the patriarchal clan era.

Raise the stick. For example, "Said the Words" said: "Father, 榘 例 例 例 例 例 例 例 例 例. From raising the stick." Xu Shen believes that "father" is the image of holding a rod to express the parents who blame education power.

Hold the torch. This view was proposed by Luo Zhenyu, and he believed that "the doubt was held by the torch." The primitive society was the maternal clan in the early stage. Because the breeding of livestock and management of household chores were mainly women, and because of group marriage, children could only confirm the biological mother. The concept of "biological father" was in a secondary position. In the late stage of the primitive society, the man's status gradually improved and formed the Parent Clan Commune. Coupled with the emergence of the occasional marriage, the blood relationship between the children's bloodlines from confirming the mother to confirm the biological father, and the social status of men has also improved. The concept of "biological father" is gradually in an advantageous position. Therefore, the family sacrifice and other activities are hosted by men.

In the early stage of the primitive society, it belongs to the maternal society. The stone ax shows that the male handheld ax is showed. It can be seen that the male social status is low and can only engage in simple hard work. Later, the Family Clan system was established, and the concept of the biological father was confirmed, which caused cultural recognition of male reproductive culture. It can be seen that the male status was affirmed and gradually became in an advantageous position. Over time to the Han Dynasty, Xu Shen interpreted that his father was a hand -made stick and a transformation of the role of educators in the family to play the role of educators from the society. It can be seen that his father's status was further recognized. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Luo Zhenyu's torch said that his father became the master of a family and further consolidated his father's status.

"Father" meaning

Words are created by the convenience of memorizing and serving the rulers, which are generally produced after the emergence of the social class. In the early literature, all the biological father and father in "Fu Ci" were called Father, such as: "Geng Niu Xiapin, Zhen told the third father." From this we can see that the earliest significance of the "father" in Oracle is the title of the man and It is not specifically referring to his father. Later, the meaning of the word was narrowed and referred to his father. The word "father" has different significance in ancient Chinese. Let's sort out the following types of meaning of "Father" as the central language.

First, it means relatives or men with blood relationships. For example, father, father, grandfather, uncle, biological father, and Asian father. For example, "Book of Rites • Qu Li" said: "Father, is also known as the same surname."

2. Express the title of male relatives who have his father. For example, uncle, uncle, uncle, etc.

Third, indicate a kind of grass. For example, the father, the father, the father, and the father.

Fourth, indicate the respect of the administrative unit in charge. For example, in the "Zhu Xi Ji Zhuan": "Pray for father, Sima Ye, and the army's troops." Fifth, the reputation of talented men, the most suffered suffixes behind the table. For example: Kong Qiu, the word Zhongni, also known as the father. Later, the words of people were referred to as people, as well as Wang Anshi's "You Zhan Mountain Ji": "Yu's brother An Guoping, An Shang's pure father."

6. Refers to the growth of all things. For example, in "The Biography of Yisu" said: "Father."

However, in modern Chinese, with the progress of the times and the emergence of new words, the significance of "father" has also expanded, such as: "father" refers to relatives and friends of his father; "father" refers to his father's friends; "father's original" Refers to the pro -generation male plants during plant reproduction; "father and brother" refer to the parents, but also refer to parents in addition to their father and brother. In addition, new words are produced. For example, the father of hydrogen bomb, the father of atomic energy, etc.

Chinese characters are records of Chinese and one of the oldest characters in the world. Taking the word "father" as an example, interpretation of the two aspects of glyphs and the meaning of the word allows us to understand the "Father" in a deeper level. During the evolution process, the father's status changes, perceive the meaning of text and life.

Source: China Art News WeChat public account

- END -