Jiangnan style | Image in the garden (2) Dragon

Original Author: Cao Linzheng

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Chinese garden art is ancient and a clear and sensible cultural carrier. It records the change of the times and the changes of culture. Mr. Wang Zhenfu said that the Chinese garden is "the universe on the earth", and the royal garden intuitively reflects the imperial consciousness. Dragon is the most common decorative element of royal garden architecture. It is also seen in private gardens in Jiangnan.

The Forbidden City of the Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties was marked by carving dragons. From taidin, kiss, dan, and walls, there are images of five -clawed golden dragon everywhere. Golden Temple uses a pink pink golden dragon with different golden dragons with different decorative decoration of Xi Cai, which is the largest Dragon Palace in the world.

The Kowloon Wall in Beihai is the most beautiful one of the three famous Kowloon walls in my country. The entire wall is made of 424 seven -color glazed bricks. There are 9 dragons on each side of the wall. The entire aesthetic field of vision provides people with a sacred and transcendent room.

Kowloon Wall (Beihai)

The dragon is the "god of the main water", and can promote the clouds and pray for a good harvest, and then become the sacred, auspicious, and festive gods in the hearts of the people.

The five pavilions in Beihai Linshui are legendary as emperors, rear fishing, fireworks, and moon -viewing places. They are the largest in the middle pavilion and are connected by the white stone guardrail. It is called "Five Dragon Pavilion".

Most of the traditional Chinese buildings are wooden structures, and wood structure buildings are afraid of fire. The dragon of the main water naturally becomes the protector of the building and the symbol of the fire to reduce the fire. As a model of traditional buildings, Wulong Pavilion is a model on the dual level of culture and practicality. Full Fulong element.

Guandu Palace roof Longfeng (Taipei)

The beast -shaped decorations on both ends of the roof on the roof are called kisses or tail tails, which have a beautiful and smooth outline. According to legend, after the Emperor Hanwu built the Bai Liang Hall, the Fang Shi wrote that there was a fish in the sea. The rainfall can avoid the fire and drive away the charm, so the image of its image is on the ends of the corner of the temple, the spine, and the roof, and take the meaning of the fire to extinguish the disaster. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tail curled out like a dragon shape, which was passed on to one of the nine sons of the dragon. Gradually derived into the grade semantics of the building, more and more shapes are.

The dragon kiss spine first appeared in the Jin Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the dragon kiss spine was generally seen in the royal palace, the tomb, and the temple. The dragon pattern four claws were empty, the dragon's head swallowed the pierced ridge, and a sword was inserted on the spine. The artistic image was perfect, called "positive kiss", "dragon kiss" and "big kiss". It is said that it was afraid that it would swallow the entire roof, so he fixed it with a sword. One said that in order to prevent rain and disaster, the immortal inserted the sword into the dragon body. It is indeed a combination of practical and aesthetic combination. It is more convenient to open the pour on the back of the ridge dragon to pour the filling. The sword target is used as a plug to tighten the opening. The typical work of "Zheng Kiss" is the dragon ornament of the top of the Taihe Temple. There are Qianlong Royal Stele Pavilion in Tianping Mountain in Suzhou, and there are also dragon kiss ridges.

Dragon Kiss (Tianping Mountain)

The fish dragon kiss ridge taste is lower than the dragon kiss ridge, which is generally used in the temple's auxiliary temple building and the large house of the house. Fish is one of the worship of the primitive society, and has been regarded by the ancestors as sacred animals with mysterious regeneration and change. Fish was originally one of the original copies of the dragon, and there was a legend of fish into dragons in ancient myths. "Carp jumping Dragon Gate" is auspicious auspicious charm of Gao Sheng and lucky. Along with the imperial examination system that emerged during the Sui and Tang dynasties, the half dragon image of the stone carving dragon first fish appeared. The Hans' "Gold List Title" has become a symbol of "fish jumping dragon gate"; those who have been in the imperial examinations will "be a dragon, and return to accompany the fish." The kiss shape of the dragon fish body not only symbolizes the expectations of "turning the dragon", but also vomit water through the dragon's head to block the storm and lightning lightning to ensure that the house is forever.

Fish Dragon Kiss (Lion Forest)

The royal dragon ridge is a common spine used in Southern Temple, which is simpler than the official kiss of the Qing Dynasty. Put it on both ends of the ridge, head outward, bent with iron pieces at the back, brushing, and tailing like the tail.

Yulong Ridie (Tianping Mountain Villa)

Kangxi and Qianlong all fell in love with the garden. Qianlong was "the joy of landscapes, and could not forget to be pregnant". He had visited Jiangnan six times, and his footprints spread all over the private garden essence in Yangzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Haining and other private gardens. In addition, all the gardens he liked to accompany the painter to paint the pink "back to the garden" as the reference of the Royal Garden.

Most of the dragon ornaments in private garden buildings are four -claw dragons and three -claw dragons. They are different from the "five -claw gold dragon" symbolized by the emperor. Use a dragon -shaped cloud wall to replace it, giving people the natural beauty of flying, and to avoid the suspicion of being over. In Suzhou's private gardens, these dragon patterns are also widely used, such as skirt wood carvings, flower windows, walls, etc.

Xiangbi Dragon (Humble Administrator's Garden)

Caolong (Humble Administrator's Garden)

Caolongbi Du (Net Teacher Park)

In Shanghai Yuyuan Garden, there are five dragon walls of Wolong, Sleeping Dragon, Yunlong, and Dragon Dragon Dragon. Among them, wearing cloud dragons is the most praised among the five dragons. The whole dragon seemed to fly with his head, putting it on the clouds, and the wave -shaped ups and downs stretching on the pink wall, cleverly merged, the dragon's head is mighty, full of dynamic. There are only three to four claws on this dragon wall.

Wearing Yunlong (Yuyuan)

Compared with the dynamic formation of Yunlong in Shanghai Yu Garden, the stop Yunlong was stopped on the wall of the building garden. The dragon is stable, the image of the Tuanlong is vivid and different. They are in the clouds, some are spraying water in the mouth, and some are also on a gourd that symbolizes the miniature of the world. Stop Yunlong (Spring in the building)

Tuanlong (Tianping Mountain)

Located in the art garden of Wu Tongfang, Wujiafang, the Qiandaqiao Bridge of Suzhou, the garden has gone through vicissitudes for more than 400 years. The layout of the mountain pond in the garden roughly retains the concise and cheerful, natural and simple style of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. There is a milk fish pavilion in the garden and a dragon pattern Aquarius, which is a Ming Dynasty building.

The dragon was originally the name of Shun Er, and he was a music officer. Later generations were mixed with one person, and then the name of the dragon was named. He mistakenly mistaken "又 又" as a person who is a feet, and passed on the name of a person as a beast. Later, the dragon pattern appeared in large numbers on building sculptures, flower windows, and sculptures, forming auspicious patterns such as "Dragon Life Shou".

Langlong color painting (art garden)

政 夔 夔 夔 (Humble Administrator's Garden)

The abduction Zilong is a pattern that is simplified by the dragon shape. It is called the grass dragon abduction with the grass with the grass. The homonym of "turning" and "Gui" has the meaning of "Guizi".

Caolong Tanzi (art garden)

The theme of dragon decoration, which appears the most on the building, is "Dragon Dragon Dragon" and "Dragon and Phoenix Chengxiang".

Dragon drama beads are divided into single dragon drama beads, two dragon drama beads, three dragon drama beads and Dragon dragon beads. Dragon can rain, and the people often worship the Dragon King to pray for rain in the drought year. Later, the folk activities of "Dragon Lights" were performed. The "two dragon drama beads" evolved from "Dragon Lantern". The ancients may be regarded as "beads" for the crocodile eggs, and eggs are the source of life, and the dragon ball is the dragon egg; the double dragon drama beads symbolize the care, caressing and respect of the male and female double dragons. Expressing and expressing the "life consciousness" of the ancients.

）） 夔 夔 夔 (stayed in the garden)

Shuanglong opera bead flower window (Canglang Pavilion)

In addition, there are "dragon drama fire beads". "Fire beads" symbolize the sun to the sea. The dragon is the god of the East. The Shuanglong drama fire beads on the Qianlong poetry monument symbolize the maxims of the males and female double dragons.

Shuanglong drama fire bead relief on the Qianlong Poetry Stele of Changchun Garden

The pattern of "Dragon and Phoenix" symbolizes noble, gorgeous, auspicious, and festive. For example, the Dragon King Temple in the Summer Palace and the Phoenix Pier, the Liuli tile dragons of the Shanghai Dingxiang Garden, and the Phoenix on the top of the octagonal pavilion all take the meaning of Jiqing of the dragon and phoenix.

Dragon and Phoenix Play (Lilac Garden)

As a symbol of natural and imperial power, China Dragon represents wealth, wisdom, success, power, and luck. Asian countries such as Thailand, Japan, and Vietnam are also respected. Five thousand years in Huaxia, the dragon came from history and dormant to "the universe on the earth", becoming an indispensable element in Chinese gardens.

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