Lile and Music Shandong ｜ Rizhao: Rhyme pick -Yinjiahu iron craft skills

Hitting iron is the traditional craftsmanship. Among them, the traditional craftsmanship in Yinjiahu Village, Xiazhuang Town, Shexian County is a masterpiece of this item. People engaged in hand -made iron are called "blacksmiths".

Yinjiahu's handmade iron skills can be traced back to the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, with a history of more than 300 years. There are still people who are engaged in hand -made iron. Around 1980, it was the most popular. There were more than 100 households in the village engaged in the iron processing of small red furnaces. It mainly made agricultural appliances such as 锨, 镢, pick, ax, knife, iron chain, door hanging. It is said that hundreds of miles are famous. After the 1990s, as the level of agricultural mechanization increased, it was slowly replaced by modern machines. Now there are only a few households engaged in hand -made, mainly engaged in kitchen knives, machete and other appliances.

Blacksmiths first collected waste -raw iron such as plows, shovels, and then burned red with fire to make mature iron blocks. Then use these cooked iron blocks to make various agricultural appliances. The specific production process is as follows:

1. Branches. Make a simple stove with a stone slope and mud barrier, put it on the stove, install the aircraft, and debug the air duct.

2. Raw fire. First use firewood to burn the coal and burn the tobacco coal.

3. Burning iron. Put the cooked iron block in the furnace.

4. Holding. One person puts the cooked iron block with iron tongs, quickly placed on the anvil, holds a small hammer with a small hammer, and the other person takes a big hammer. The shape, when the two people cooperate with each other, have a certain rhythm and attention.

5. Format. After putting the formal form in the water to cool down, put it on the anvil with a small hammer to renovate the shape. If the shape is not required, then put it in the fire to burn red, and renovate repeatedly until the request.

6. Splash. Put the fixed ironware in the furnace and burn the red, clamp it with iron tongs quickly, put it in the water for local splashing fire, and the splashing part is extremely hard. A piece of agricultural appliance is made.

"Handmade iron" is one of the distinctive techniques formed in the long -term life practice and unique cultural and historical environment. Its subject matter, content, and art forms are produced to adapt to the characteristics of farmers' production and life, and have a strong local atmosphere and local characteristics. The formation and development of "hand -made iron" fully reflects the wisdom of the working people. It has a wide range of mass and folk inheritance. It is an excellent form of folk skills.

With the development of social development and the level of industrial manufacturing, many of the production and living tools that have been widely used by hand have gradually faded out of people's attention, and fewer and fewer iron -playing skills are also increasing.

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