For the first time, the true "Zhan Garden Map" shows the garden. What is the origin of the Xu Da family and Nanjing Garden?

On August 26, the "Landscape and Tour -Xu Da Family and Nanjing Garden Special Exhibition" was carried out at the Roggang History Museum at the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Museum (Zhanyuan), which is located in Nanjing, Nanjing. The exhibition through more than 60 exhibits such as the cultural relics and painting and calligraphy of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the painting and painting, tea and wine, and the clear supply of the art room, traced back to the historical origin of the Xu Da family and the Nanjing garden, showing the garden of the "Landscape Human City" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Interest and literary achievements. The exhibition lasts for three months and will continue from August 26 to November 26.

The exhibition will last for 3 months.

Why is the exhibition held in Zhanyuan

This year is the 40th anniversary of the first batch of historical and cultural cities and the 690th anniversary of Xu Da's birth. According to historical records, Xu Da was a famous general in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, and the founding of the Ming Dynasty. He is cautious and good at governing the army. Zhu Yuanzhang relied on the "Great Wall of Wanli". Later generations also recognized that he was the first hero of the founding of the Ming Dynasty and ranked first in the founding "six kings". In the eighteenth year of Hongwu (1385), Xu Da died at the age of 54. Zhu Yuanzhang chased him as the king of Zhongshan, gave the nickname "Wuning", buried the yin of Zhongshan, and personally wrote a inscription for him: "Break the prisoner is the first of ancient and modern people. Wushuang. "

Left: The "Statue of the King of Xuwu Ning in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Museum"; right: "Xu Da portrait" treasured by the Tianjin Museum.

Xu Da has 4 sons and 3 daughters and 9 grandson. After Xu Da's death, his eldest son Xu Huizu inherited the title and was named Wei Guogong. During the battle of Jingnan, Xu Huizu firmly supported Jianwen Emperor. When Yan Jun crossed the river, Xu Huizu still led his troops to resist. After Ming Chengzu ascended the throne, he cut him and imprisoned at home. The young son Xu Zengshou gave him a ventilation letter when he south when he started his troops, and died under the sword of Emperor Jianwen. Later, Ming Chengzu was chased as Ding Guogong. One of the two male, there are only Xu Da family in the Ming Dynasty.

Xu Da's three daughters were married to Zhu Yuanzhang's son. The eldest daughter was married to the king of Yan, and the second daughter married Zhu Gui, Wang Wang, and the three daughters married Anwang Zhuyi. After the king of Yan Zhu Xi won the power, Xu Fei was registered as the queen. The Xu family can be said to be the prominent family after the royal family.

"In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Xu Da's descendants successively built 11 gardens one after another, concentrated in the south of the old town, and now there are only 4 traces. The Castle Park. "The curator Yao Zai told reporters first.

The distribution of the Xu family garden in Nanjing.

Zhan Garden is the oldest Ming Dynasty classical garden in Nanjing. History can be traced back to the Wu Wangfu of the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Taizu, and later it was given to Zhongshan Wang Xu Da. The scale has begun to take shape until the Wanli period. Later, it became the place where the Jiangnan administrative envoy was appointed in the Qing Dynasty. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, the East King Yang Xiuqing's palace.

Looking at the scenery of the garden. Visual China Photo Conferry

The area of ​​Zhanyuan is about 20,000 square meters, with more than 20 large and small attractions. The layout is elegant and exquisite, with magnificent Ming and Qing ancient buildings, steep rockery, well -known Northern Song Taihu Stone, quiet and elegant Louxie Pavilion platform , Qifeng overlap. "Zhan Zhan was part of the mansion of Xu Da's mansion. After the reconnaissance, the layout of Zhanyuan landscape not only retains the style of the Ming and Qing garden, but also draws the essence of modern north -south gardening art to form a compatible and compatible characteristics. Therefore, the exhibition is held in Zhanyuan. "The exhibition Cexian Yao Yao said first.

The unearthed cultural relics are in line with the identity of the Xu family

"Landscape and Tour -Xu Da Family and Nanjing Garden Special Exhibition" is hosted by the Nanjing Museum General Museum, bringing together the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Museum, Nanjing Museum, the Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall of the Communist Party of China There are more than 60 precious cultural relics.

According to Cezhe Exhibition, in the Ming Dynasty, the use of leather belts must follow strict regulations. Cultural and military officials use different texture caudes according to the Jiupin official level. Among them, the jade belt has the highest grade. Except for the emperor, it is limited to one product and specially used.

The reporter saw that at the scene, the golden jade belt unearthed from the Xuqin Tomb of Bancang Village outside Taipingmen, Nanjing. "Xu Qin is the grandchildren of Xu Da, the hereditary Wei Guogong, and the golden jade belt in the tomb is consistent with his identity." The curator Yao Zai first said.

The golden jade belt unearthed from the tomb of Xu Qin.

According to reports, the craftsmanship of gold and silver jewelry in the Ming Dynasty handicrafts is particularly outstanding. On the basis of the previous generation, there are new developments. It takes multi -color, subtle, complicated, ingenuity, and luxurious. The Ming Dynasty was popular with pearls and gems on the gold and silver wares, which produced a series of combined products, showing the characteristics of strong and magnificent, magnificent and magnificent, and reflecting the decorative themes, modeling design and craftsmanship of the Ming Dynasty gold and silver wares. Degree. The best fineness that gold and silver artificial handmade can achieve, can only be seen in the court and the house of the prince.

The reporter saw that at the scene, the cloud -phoenix pattern of the clouds and phoenix patterns unearthed from the tomb of the Xu Yixu outside the Taiping Gate of Nanjing. Xu Yixu is the second son of Xu Da, who served as Shangbao Siqing, and then rose to the Chinese army's capital. Hereditary commanders.

The chrysanthemum -shaped golden crickets, clouds and phoenixes, golden pupae, and pale -filamented golden cricket unearthed from the Xu family tombs.

The reporter saw that the golden puppet was made of golden silk barrier -like substrate, and it made a three -dimensional Ruyi Monteric pattern with gold silk, and a phoenix soared. "Both the Phoenix and the moisture pattern are made of golden silk with thin hair, and the craftsmanship is extremely sophisticated. Compared with the Song and Yuan dynasties, the plain noodles in the gold and silver jewelry of the Ming Dynasty are rare, and most of the decorations tend to be dense." Yao Yao said first.

True "Zhanyuan Picture" is for the first time in Zhanyuan

"Yuan Jiang's" Zhan Garden Picture "is collected in the Tianjin Museum. This time the exhibition borrowed for three months. This is also the first time that" Zhan Garden Map "was exhibited in Zhanyuan." Yao Zai told reporters first. It is understood that Yuan Jiang was a famous master of painting in the Qing Dynasty. Boundary painting is a category of Chinese painting. When painting, the ruler is used, so it is named boundary painting. The drawing method of "Zhan Map" is realistic. The text on the plaque in the garden is clearly distinguished. The characters in the painting are full of Manchu clothing, and the building does not need to be heavy. The full picture is well -decorated, dense and dense, and the color is light and simple, and the rocks or rain points (when the Chinese painting is stones, after the outline is hooked, in order to display the texture of the rocks and the yin and yang surface, it is painted with a light dry ink side.) Or the ghost face, all rolled and exquisite, reproduced the garden style of Zhan Garden's heyday.

"Zhan Map" is partial.

The reporter saw that the "Zhanyuan Tu" can see the scenery of the Qing Dynasty Zhanyuan. You can also see the Daibao En Temple Tower of not far away.

Yao Yao first said: "The new garden landscape and pavilions of Zhanyuan Garden are not imagined out of thin air, but to restore the original landscape according to the picture of the" scene ". It was originally implemented. "

Jiaojiao Reporter Yang Min servant

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