[Red Memory] The Red Fourth Army is Fu Yin in Chaotian

This article contains "Bashu History", No. 3, 2022

The Red Fourth Army is in Chaotian

Fu Yin

From June 1933, the Red Fourth Army entered the Chaotian area to carry out armed struggle, and to the end of April 1935, the Red Fourth Army withdrew Guangyuan, and the Red Fourth Army fought for nearly two years in Chaotian.

1. The flag of the Soviet Union reflects the depths of the mountains and mountains

On June 26, 1933, after crushing the Sichuan Army's "three -way siege", the Red Four Army entered the Chaotian Lijiaba from Wangcang Guohua Town to quickly carry out the land revolution and establish the Soviet regime organization. By the end of April 1935, when the Red Army left Chaotian, the Red Army established a total of 1 county -level Soviet regime, 4 district -level Soviet regimes, 19 township -level Soviet regimes, and 92 village -level Soviet regimes. A kilometer, with a population of about 80,000 people. On the red land of Chaotian, more than 1,160 children participated in the Red Army, of which more than 510 were donated to the country. More than 300 people were recognized as the Red Army martyrs. More than 740 Soviet cadres and revolutionary people were killed by the enemy. During the struggle, the People's Day was shrinking to overcome the difficulties, overcome difficulties, actively fighting food and grain for the Red Army, and raising the army to need materials. Thousands of guerrillas cooperated with the Red Army to participate in countless times.

(1) The Red Army liberated most mountains in the north of the north

On June 15, 1933, after the Red 73 Division occupied Wang Cang, the Red 278 regiment entered the Chaotian Lijiaba on the 26th. The 3rd Battalion of the Red 278 Regiment was located in the Yaojia Second House in Lijiaba. After a few days, the Red Army successively occupied Wangjiaba, Tianxingping, and wearing Ma Liu, and captured the risk of Hong Duragang with a sharp situation, cut off the enemy from the direction of Guangyuan to Da Guangpo, and pointed directly at Guangyuan County. Subsequently, the Red Army moved west to occupy the northeast region of the Jialing River in the country and the Bashan, Shuanghe, and Zhuba River in Ningqiang, Shaanxi. Everywhere the Red Army rely on local poor farmers to form a guerrilla team, crack down on bandits, civilian groups, and gentlemen, and create favorable conditions for the establishment of the red regime. From July to December 1933, the Red Army successively established dozens of districts and township Soviet regimes such as Lijiaba, Tianxingping, and Zhuba River.

From July to August, the Red Army pushed west of the comparison dams and the rear. Interture the troops of the Kuomintang forces to reinforce a camp in Ningqian County in the renfing shop. After the full -fighters turned the enemy forces, the Red Army seized Jigong Mountain overnight and quickly occupied Lijiaping, Miaoya, Luoyangping, Hujiazhai (above in Qinglin Township) and other places.

At this point, the Red Fourth Army's Sichuan -Shaanxi base has developed northwest, allowing the area east of the Jialing River in the north of Sichuan and Shuanghe (now Shuanghe Township) in Ningxian County, Ningxian County, Shaanxi, Zhuba River (Jinpingguan Town Walnut Town Village), Yanzi Declas (Today Qiuqiu Town) and other areas are connected.

(2) Liberation Chaotianyi

After the consolidation of the northern part of the Chaotian, the Red 278 regiment was one of the Red 278 regiments, and via Zengjiashan to Shibanhe Township (now Xia'an Township) to establish the Soviet regime of Shibanhe Township. On the day of the establishment of the Soviet regime of Shibanhe Township, under the urgent request of the people, the bandit Chen Huairen was approved by the Red Army representatives. At the meeting held on the same day, it was recommended that Yu Xue was the Soviet Chairman, Yu Xueli was the vice chairman, Yu Xuequan was the guerrilla captain, Yang Zhengen and Yu Xueyuan were deputy secretary -general, and guerrilla members include Zhao Zhengji, Yu Xuezhou, and Hui Da Gui.

On the evening of December 7, 1933, when the enemy was in full swing, the red 278 regiment and the two rows of hard -working troops captured Chaotianguan (in the Tower Village of Tianzhen Town), and seized the Yunpan Liang with 3 troops (3 troops. In the current Tianzhen Town Yujia Village), Qingfengxia (in the current Qingfeng Road Community of Tianzhen), Lai Jiaya (Chaotian Village in Tianzhen Town), intercept the enemy of the Dalin and Jialing River. Shop and chaos (in Qingyun Village, Tianzhen Town) attacked Chaotianyi. At dawn on the 8th, the Red Army launched a fierce attack on the Duntian Shou. Hundreds of enemies who were stationed in Chaotianyi City God Temple (now Da Tian Town) were sleeping in their heads. Seeing that the Red Army attacked from all directions, I couldn't figure out how many troops, so I had to fight against it, and fled towards Jindui Dam while fighting. Essence At around 7 am, important places such as Xiao Emei, Sanuan Bridge, Chenghuang Temple, and Wangye Temple (now Jiangzhong Middle School) of Chaotianyi were quickly captured by the Red Army. At this time, Chaotianyi made a mess, and the people and enemy forces all gathered towards the river. Seeing that the situation was critical, he hurriedly ordered people to grab wood and wooden boards on the street, coerced the people to ride the floating bridge, and escaped from the opposite side of the river. In order to protect the people from being harmed, the Red Army stepped forward to the Chaotianyi step by step, and quickly used the commanding heights such as Xiao Emei, San Guanqiao, and Wangye Temple to control the enemy's escape. At 3 pm, the Red Army entered Chaotianyi.

In this battle, the Red Army defeated the army of the enemy forces, captured more than 100 enemy forces, seized 8 heavy machine guns, 154 rifles, 18 boxes of ammunition, 127 stones in military rations, and 20 military horses. The enemy's stronghold in Chaotianyi's key defense was dropped, and it forced him to retreat to the Jialing River Bank.

(3) Establishing in Hongping County Suwei

In December 1934, after the victory of the "Sixth Road Siege", the Red Army entered Chaotian for the second time from Wangcang, and quickly recovered the Soviet regime at all levels. , Zhizhu Bay (now Dalin Town), Huangbayi (now Hanyuan Town, Ningqiang County, Shaanxi), Zhuba River (now Waln tree Village, Yanglangguan Town, Ningqiang County, Shaanxi), and Chaotianyi (now Tiantian Town) The Soviet regime of the township Soviet and Shenxuanyi (now Xuanhe Village, Zhongzi Town), which is under the jurisdiction of the Suwei of Jialing County, and the Suwei jurisdiction of Hongping County after the establishment of the Soviet County of Hongping County. In late January 1935, the Red Fourth Army successively established the Soviet and township Soviets of the Huangba River (now Shuegou Town) in the Guangzhao Campaign. On January 25, 1935, the Soviet regime of Hongping County was established in Lijiaping, Hongping Village, Shuiguogou Town, Jinshui Gougou Town. The chairman of the county Soviet is Wang Shoujie.红坪县苏维埃下辖神宣驿、黄坝河两个区苏维埃，管辖黄坝河、茨竹湾、黄坝驿、竹坝河、纸坊铺、转斗铺、中子铺、朝天驿、 8 Soviets and 40 villages in Shibanhe River. After the establishment of the Soviet regime at all levels of Hongping County, there were 752 Soviet cadres at all levels participating in the revolutionary struggle. The establishment of the Soviet regime has strongly promoted the development of militia teams at all levels. According to statistics, there are 1 county guerrillars, 1 young communist division, 4 district guerrillas, 4 small battalions, 18 township guerrillas, and 49 village guerrillas. The Soviet County of Hongping County is composed of 9 departments including the Financial Commission, the Economic Commission, the Transportation Bureau, the Security Bureau, the Land Commission, the Grain Commission, the Cultural and Education Commission, the Internal Affairs Commission, and the Labor Commission. The county covers an area of ​​619 square kilometers and a population of 51,000.

At this point, all parts of the Jialing River in Chaotian and the southwest of Ningqiang County (now Ningqiang County) in Shaanxi Province are liberated, and the Soviet regimes at all levels are established.

Second, the rencons in the Battle of Guangzhao and Yangmo Basket Battle

The Battle of Guangzhao was launched on January 22, 1935 to the end of January 29, for a total of 8 days. The purpose of Guangzhao Battle is to focus on the Ding Delong travel of the south of Hu Zong in the south of Hu Zong and Zhaohua. After seizing Guangyuan and Zhaohua, relying on the strategic position of the two towns, and then developing towards Longnan, opening up a new base for Longnan to achieve the "Sichuan -Shaanxi -Gansu Plan".

The specific offensive deployment of the Red Fourth Army is: the 93rd Division of the Red 31 Army passed the Jialing River from Zhaohua and Guangyuan, cut off the contact between the two cities, surrounded Zhaohua City, and crack down on the enemy of Jiange. The Red 4th Army 10 Division and the 91st Division of the Red 31 Army attacked Guangyuan City. The 91st Division attacked the direction of Chaotianyi and the Railway Shop, blocking the enemies of Ningqiang County and Yangping Pass to help, and covering the troops from the side wing to cross the river. The Red Army transferred nine regiments, crossed the river north from Guangyuan, and went north to the north of Chaotianyi, occupying an important stronghold on the Gannan Line, Yangmo Dam, and eliminating the enemy army stationed in Yangmo Dam. Essence

(1) Retain shop fighting

The Rubitory Shop is located on the Sichuan -Shaanxi Avenue at the border of the north of Chaotian. It is about 60 kilometers south, about 20 kilometers from Chaotian, and about 25 kilometers north to Ningqiang County, Shaanxi. Back at the end of the seven plates, at the end of the narrow and long Qianxi River Valley, slowly on the riverside Pingba. The peaks on both sides of Pingba are steep and the terrain is dangerous. It is like a huge seat, relying on the seven plates, and the three -faced face is high, and the tiger looks at the Qianxi River Gorge of Nankou. This place is the main point of Sichuan and Shaanxi traffic from south to north. The Red Army seized it, which can ensure the safety of the wing of the attack on Guang and Zhao's main forces, but also create a "surrounding support" battlefield for the next sheep model battle. The Kuomintang army stationed in the switching shop is Hu Zongnan's first guerrilla detachment. Relying on each other to form an offensive and defensive situation.

On January 22, 1935, the Red Army launched an attack at the same time and side of the front and sides of the reminder shop. The 10th Division of the Red 4th Army on the North Road went straight to the Turning Shop along the Sichuan -Shaanxi Avenue, and the other secretly detoured to the left side of the rear shop via the Huangba River to break the enemy. When everything was ready, on the 23rd, the Red Army launched an attack on the enemy. General Wang Hongkun, then the commander of the Red 4 Army, recalled the fighting of the fight: "Before the dawn, our army surrounded the reform shop. At 10 am, the attack was launched. Close to the town. The enemy couldn't resist, escaped from the east, and our army pursued it. The enemy was very cunning, first ran east to Ningqiang, and then folded to the north. Take a look north of the telescope and find that the enemy is climbing. Quickly ordered the soldiers to blew the troops north. The enemy has not yet reached the hill, that is, the red 34th regiment that I am in advance was resolutely blocked. I chased the troops again, and the two armies pinched both sides and wiped out the enemy. "

The fighting was simply. Hu Zongnan's first guerrilla team leader Pan Mingshi and more than 500 officers and soldiers were captured alive. Zhang Junyao, who was stationed in the north, came to the Second Guerrilla Detachment to come to help, just entered the Red Army's pre -layer. After a while, the Red Army fought for a while, and the casualties fled back to the old nest. On January 24, 1935, the Red Army's "Cadre Must Read" reported: "One of my western troops on the 22nd of this month at the Huangba River and the Railway Shop in Guangyuan, Ningqian, and the first division of Hu Zongnan. Completely disarm, to catch a battalion leader, none of the officers and soldiers escaped, and eight new automatic rifles were obtained.

(2) Sheep model dam battle

On the night of the battlefield battle, the Red 9th Army 25 Division and the 88th Division of the Red 30 Army were respectively from Chaotianyi, Barong (now Dalin Town Village), Shaxizi (now Dalin Town), and San Beach ( Today, Santan Village, Tianzhen Town) and other places, the Jialing River was forced by the east bank of the Jialing River, and the battlefield of Yangmoba was opened. The Red Army crossed the river in San Beach, Shaxizi, Beamfronts and other places. In Chenjiaba (now Chaotian Town), the back soldiers were divided into two roads. ), Xue Xuexue in Huoshi Po. On the other hand, the ferry from the Chaotianyi Ferry, Goujia Beach (now Jindui Village, Chaotian Town), and Qingfeng Gorge (in the current Qingfeng Village of Tianzhen Town) crossing the river, via Qiuba (now Qiuba Village in Tianzhen Town), Joe Dam (now Johor Bahru Village of Yangmo Town), directly to the east side of Yangmoba.

Yangmo Dam is located west of Chaotian, 16 kilometers from Chaotian City, and 39 kilometers from Guangyuan. Yangmo Dam is located in the northwest of Sichuan. The top of Shaanxi and Gannan can be taken directly. It can look down on Guangyuan and Zhaohua. The strategic position is very important. The Red Fourth Army should realize the "Sichuan -Shaanxi -Gansu Plan" and open up new bases for development. The picture is taken to take Gannan and southern Shaanxi. The sheep model dam must be fortress. Therefore, the Red Four Army is a must -have for Yangmo Dam.

The terrain around Yangmo Dam is high, and the enemy's forces are favorable to build work in the four mountains, build work, and form a strong firepower network, focusing on the defense of the Red Army's attack from the southeast of Yangmoba towards the sky. The northern enemy forces settled in the western commanding heights, focusing on defending the Red Army's attack from the direction of the big beach and the Chen family. At 5 pm on January 23, the Red Army who entered the Yangmo dam from the northeast to seize the height of the school beams, build work, set firepower points, and quickly attack Yangmo Dam. The Red Army surrounded the enemy forces, and forced the enemy forces to shrink the enemy forces towards Yangmo Farm. In the attack of the Red Army, the enemy forces construction in Lijiabao (now Wenbi Village) in Lijiabao (now Yangmo Town) increased the firepower network, making it difficult for the Red Army to enter the village. At this time, the enemy regiments stationed in the mouth of the bus sent a barracks to reinforce the Yangmo Dam. As soon as they entered the revenge dam, they were wiped out by the Red Army.

The victory of Qiuba greatly inspired the morale of the Red Military. Immediately, the Red Army quickly attacked the enemy of Yangmo Dam. After a night of fighting, at noon on the 24th, the attack scope was narrowed and the battle became more intense. On the afternoon of the 24th, the Red Army launched a total attack, the sound of assault, the sound of rushing sounded. The battle of Yangmoba was annihilated with two enemies, with more than 800 people, and the record of more than 600 guns ended. In this battle, a group of Red Army soldiers such as Pan Youqing, the deputy commander of the 25th Division of the Red 9 Army, and Ding Jicai, deputy division of the 88th Division of the Red 30 Army, sacrificed the gloriously.

The fighting shop and Yangmo Basket battle are two battles that the Red Army won in the Battle of Guangzhao. The sound of the east, reaching the purpose of confusing the enemy, mobilizing the enemy's main force, and frustrating the enemy's temperament. After accumulating the combat experience of crossing the river (the Red Army's San Du Jialing River), it has successfully crossed the Jialing River for the Red Fourth Army, welcomed the Central Red Army and started the Long March to laid a solid strategic foundation.

3. Donation in the battle of southern Shaanxi

On January 22, 1935, when the Battle of Guangzhao was launched, the Military Commission of the Northwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China received a call from the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission, asking the Red Four Army to advance westward to respond to the Central Red Army.

At that time, the situation in northwestern Sichuan was very urgent, and he couldn't hesitate and hesitated. Therefore, the Red Fourth Army decided: First, temporarily stopped competing with Hu Zongnan Gannan; second, the Red 31 Army and the headquarters of the engineering camp, quickly collected shipbuilding materials, hidden shipbuilding, and solved the problem of crossing the river. Third, properly tightened tightening appropriately The east line is preparing to abandon the area of ​​the city and the area of ​​Wanyuan; fourth, the main force attacked in southern Shaanxi, mobilized the north direction of enemies along the river, and created fighters to cross the river in the front line of Cangxi and Langzhong. The Red Army of the county area.

The Red Fourth Army was sent to southern Shaanxi with strong troops, causing the illusion that threatened the Tianshui behind Hu Zongnan University. The purpose was to force Hu Zongnan to receive troops from the Guang and Zhaqian line to rescue Gannan. Five Red 4th Army in Fangwang Cangba, 4 Red 30 Army, and 2 Red 9th Army were successively reached to Zengjia, Chaotian, neutron, Dalin and other places to complete preparations before the offense. On February 3, the Red Army advanced to southern Shaanxi in three ways.

Before dawn on February 4th, the first part of the Red 4 Army launched a fierce shell to the enemy at Yang Ping. The Red Army seemed to be a tiger down the mountain. Soon the Ding Delong brigade had more than 2,000 troops, seized more than 30 heavy machine guns, more than 2,000 rifles, ammunition, ammunition, ammunition Numerous, 20 horses, and a large amount of supplies such as food, silver round, cotton coat, cotton cloth. Yang Pingguan's battle was so clever, and even the Red Army had unexpectedly expected.

On the evening of February 3rd, when the battle of Yangpingguan started, the Middle Road Red 4th Army, which was gathered in the Qiguan of Chaotian District, and moved to the enemy's out -of -the -Urgonist stronghold by night. Under the cover of the mortar fire, The Red Army launched an attack on Baima Temple Mountain and Dongshan Guan. At dawn the next day, the Red Army concentrated on some mortars to destroy the enemy bunkers. At the same time, the Red Army struck Dongshan View. Yang Zhuzheng, the head of the defendant, went to reinforcement in the second battalion of the second battalion due to the safety of Ningqian in the place of the place. However, on the way, the Red Army had captured Dongshan Guanyu.

The 88th Division of the Central Red 30 Army passed the Majiaba. It took Huangbayi and firmly locked into the city of Ningqiang.In the morning, the Red Army began to siege.After a brief fierce battle, the four gates of the city were broken, and most of the defenders were annihilated, and only more than 30 people fled.In this battle, a total of 1 regiment and two camps of the defenders were destroyed, and Yang Zhuyu, the head of the Ning Army, and killed the enemy pseudo -county head Bai Chengzhai.On February 4th, after the Red Army occupied the county and Yangpingguan in Ningyu, it was like opening the door to Hanzhong. Under the sharp three -way offensive, the Red Army won in Xinpu Bay in Mian County, and the Shaanxi Army Sun Weiru, who was destroyed to help,——Wang Jinyu 49 Brigade, known as the "Tiger Brigade".After annihilating the "Tiger Brigade", the next step of the Red Army's actions in southern Shaanxi can be described as "like a bamboo".The Red Army moved forward, occupied Xishenba on the 6th, occupied Mian County on the 8th, and siege the city on the 14th.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Author: Fu Yin (former director of the theoretical review department of Guangyuan Daily, president of Guangyuan City Philosophy Society)

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