Weifang created "East Asian Cultural Capital" | One article details: 4000 years of cultural Qingzhou

Qingzhou has experienced historical and cultural changes for more than 4,000 years, and has undergone historical changes in each era.

Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period (21st century BC -256 BC)

After the beginning of Dayu from the tribe leader to the Chinese leader, he divided the territory across the country. "Nine" at that time was the highest and largest meaning. Dayu is divided into Kyushu in the world. In one state in the eastern side, Dayu is based on the five elements theory -the east belongs to wood, and the wood is green -named "Qingzhou". The specific area is "Haidi Wei Qingzhou" -that is, the land from the sea -in -law -Donghai to Taishan land is Qingzhou.

Therefore, there is a saying "there is a mountain and rivers on the right, and there is a negative sea on the left".

In the Shang Dynasty, Qingzhou ancestors have been proficient in bronze smelting technology and primitive porcelain firing technology.

The Zhou Dynasty was the heyday of slave society. Qingzhou belongs to Lu Shangfeng -Qi State. Because Qingzhou has the soil of Liangtian, farmland cultivation has become the main business of Qingzhou people.

The economy and culture of Qi State have long been a leading position in the Central Plains countries. Qingzhou is both the center of Qi Guo and the east of the city of Linzi. The agricultural and sideline products and handicraft products required by the capital need to provide a large amount of Qingzhou, which has led to the rapid development of Qingzhou's economy.

The mountains in Qingzhou also built the His Majesty Palace. Bachelor of Qi State Party here. His free learning style, the pursuit of truth and the philosophical spirit of the truth, has a great impact on future generations.

Western Han Dynasty (206 BC -25 AD)

The Qin Dynasty classified the whole country into thirty -six counties. Qingzhou belongs to Linzi County. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, although the Qin Shi County system was used, it also increased the first -level institution of the Department of History. The Department of History of Thirteen Assassinations is divided into more than 100 counties and counties. The Qingzhou Assassination History Department was born. Before the Han Dynasty, there were only villages and no city in Qingzhou. The court of Liu Bang facilitates the establishment of Guangxian in the city and built the county town of Guangxian. The address is one kilometer southwest of today's city, that is, between the waterfall and the Nanyang River. With the natural waterway, as the river of the city. The south of the city is the northern foot of the camel, and the north of the city is the water stream of waterfalls and the Nanyang River. Guangxian Town is a mountain, facing water in three, and its geographical location is superior. Later generations were called Qingzhou City.

Eastern Han (25 AD — 220 AD)

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the territory of the Qingzhou Assassination History still used the Western Han Dynasty model, but the east side expanded. From today's coastal area of ​​Qingdao, the Western Han Dynasty belonged to the History of Xuzhou Assassination in the Western Han Dynasty, and the Eastern Han Dynasty was placed under the History of Qingzhou Assassination. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qingzhou's economy and culture slowed down.

Jin (265-420)

The Jin Dynasty no longer called Qingzhou Assassination History, but instead called Qingzhou. Compared with the Han Dynasty in Qingzhou, it has expanded to the south. It is also Qingzhou.

Northern and South Dynasties (420-589)

The Northern Wei Dynasty still has a history of Qingzhou assassination to rule the Dongyang City. The Northern Wei Dynasty divided the past in Qingzhou. Today, Jinan and Zibo are called "Qizhou". Today, Pingdu, Penglai, Yantai, Weihai, Rongcheng, and Qingdao are called "Guangzhou". Today, Gao Qing, Jiaozhou, and Weifang are still called "Qingzhou".

During the entire Northern and Southern Dynasties, in the area of ​​Qingzhou, in addition to the fighting and killing of the officials and army of all parties, farmers' uprising more than ten times. During the century, Naruto has not disappeared, and the knife is not interesting. The people's psychology is generally trapped in the tragedy of "impermanence of the world." So they converted to Buddhism for liberation. The construction of the Qingzhou temple and the art of Buddha statues facilitates the rapid development here. Nanyang Temple in Nanyang City (later known as Longxing Temple) is the most famous large temple in Qingzhou Assassination History Department. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, the statue inscription on the temple described that at that time, the people were Buddhist -"difficult to give up, and the karma is difficult to do." After being unearthed in the 1990s, the Buddha statue of Longxing Temple was abundant and exquisite in shape, which caused a huge sensation in the world. Under the extremely prosperous Buddhist situation in Beibei, the people of Qingzhou were designed and excavated by the mountain -shaped mountain appearance on the south mountains of the city. The image of the Giant Buddha in Qingzhou is realistic, and it is a great miracle to create a great miracle of human culture. At that time, Buddhist believers set up Buddhist statues on the mountain opposite the Giant Buddha, and built a grotto temple -Yunmen Temple and Tau Mountain Temple (the meaning of Foshan). Since then, Qingzhou Buddhist culture has been enduring.

Sui (581-618)

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the people of Qingzhou had six or seven in young people in order to escape the service. The Sui Dynasty adjusted the policies in a timely manner, not only formulated the household registration law, but also greatly reduced the martial arts, military service and taxation, and the exiles returned from the phase rate and were committed to production. After the opening of the Grand Canal, it promoted the development of Qingzhou's productivity from the outside. Various types of agricultural and sideline products and handicrafts, quantity quality and market share, gradually improved. Since the Sui Dynasty, the economy and culture of Qingzhou have begun to go out of the trough and enter the upsurge. As the court did not rule out Buddhism, the Buddhist culture in Qingzhou area was still all the rage. At this time, Qingzhou people dug out the largest cave Buddha statue on the camel mountain. The main statue is more than seven meters high. It is both the largest Buddha statue in Shandong and the largest Buddha statue left by the Sui Dynasty.

Tang (618-907)

The administrative system of the Tang Dynasty changed greatly. Although the Qingzhou General Management House (also known as the Governor's House) is still established, the county has been withdrawn, and Beihai County is restored to Qingzhou. The original Qi County (now Jinan area) was divided into Qizhou and Zizhou, and the former Donglai County (now Jiaodong area) was divided into Dengzhou and Laizhou. In addition to leading the above states in Qingzhou, the district has expanded to Yizhou (now Zaozhuang and Linyi). The general manager's government office is still stationed in Qingzhou City. As a Qingzhou in the area under the jurisdiction of the Qingzhou General Management, it belongs to the secondary administrative region, and has jurisdiction over seven counties including Yidu, Linzi, Qianchang (now Guangrao), Bochang (now Boxing), Lintong, Shouguang, Beihai (now Weifang). During the Tang Dynasty, Qingzhou scenery and culture had been famous for Huaxia. Poet Li Bai and Du Fu came to the mountains and rivers in Qingzhou, and made celebrities in Qingzhou. In order to sigh the rhyme of Qingzhou, appreciate the beautiful scenery of Qingzhou, and wrote a number of popular poems.

Northern Song (960-1127)

In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the name of the "Qingzhou General Management House" of the Tang Dynasty was easy to be "Jingdong Road". It has expanded greatly, and the governance office is still stationed in Qingzhou City. Later, it was changed to "Jingdong East Road". As a second -level administrative division, Qingzhou has governed six counties including Yidu, Shouguang, Linyu, Boxing, Qiancha, Linzi. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Qingzhou, social production developed rapidly again. Agricultural and handicraft production technology has made comprehensive progress. Professional division of labor high -speed progress. The relationship between commodity production and currency penetrates into the fields of all parties. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, social production has produced hierarchical steps at once, which is the period for the rapid economic development of Qingzhou. Many court ministers were relieved to serve in Qingzhou.

Gold (1129-1219)

In the three years (1129) of Song Gao Zongyan, after Jin Bing captured Qingzhou, he withdrew the Qingzhou government and benefited the capital. Yidu Mansion has seven counties such as Yidu, Shouguang, Lintong, Muling (now south of Lintong County), Boxing, Linzi, Le'an and other seven counties. The Jingdong East Road of the Northern Song Dynasty was changed to Shandong East Road, and the governance office was still stationed in Qingzhou. There are more extensions than Shandong East Road, and Haizhou (now northern Jiangsu) is drawn into Shandong East Road. When Jin Bingqiang attacked Qingzhou, Dongyang City was severely destroyed. Since the Jin Dynasty, the government government has moved into Nanyang City.

Yuan (1219-1368)

In the Yuan Dynasty, the main manager's government, the area under its jurisdiction has changed greater than the Jin Dynasty. East, west, and south areas are narrowed. But still leads the 15 counties in Bazhou. The governance office still lives in the state. In the three years of Tai Ding (1326), the court Feng Mindu was the king of Xuanjing and guarded Qingzhou. In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1336), entering the king of Fengyi.

Ming (1368-1644)

In the Ming Dynasty, the Guanfu Mansion of Yidu Road was Yi Qingzhou, and the territory of the territory changed. Also on the Qingzhou Prefecture, there is a province of Shandong Xingzhong. In the early Ming Dynasty, its governance office and Shandong commanded the envoys and were stationed in Qingzhou. In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the province of Shandong Xingzhong was changed to the Shandong Administrative Envoy and the Prosecutor's Secretary, and the administrative and judicial separation was implemented. At the same time, the administrative division is set up in Qingzhou, and the place is located in Qingzhou No. 2 Middle School.

Qing (1644-1911)

The Qing court established Shandong Province. The Qingzhou government is still the same as the Ming Dynasty. However, the region has narrowed, and the area of ​​Jiyuan, Mengyin, Wulian, and Rizhao in the south is classified as Yizhou Prefecture. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Governor of Shandong was stationed in Qingzhou government, and the fourth year of Kangxi (1665) moved to Jinan government. In the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), the northern suburbs of Qingzhou City was built in the city of Defense Flag. In the winter of the following year, two thousand flag soldiers settled in with their relatives. Since then, Qingzhou has become the same place in Hanman.

This is the history and culture of more than 4,000 years in Qingzhou. After experiencing the 15 historical and cultural dynasties including the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods of the Xia Dynasty, the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Sui and Southern Dynasties, the Sui and the Northern Song Dynasty, the Northern Song, the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, I first learned about Qingzhou. Historical culture, these 4,000 years of changes have created the current Qingzhou, the Qingzhou, which makes me proud, my hometown forever.

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