Summer 丨 From the cool set to the "Broken Broken Jade", the ancients "fancy cool" show their magical powers

Cover reporter Liu Kexin

Although the summer summer has passed, the summer high temperature continues. Netizens joked that if they fell on the street, they would not be afraid of falling injuries, but they were afraid of burns. Indeed, walking on the road, the heat wave rushed one after another, and even the wind was wrapped in hot. The air conditioner blows more headaches. It is not a way to eat ice watermelon. It is better to take a look at the tricks of the ancients: what are the magic ways to pursue coolness in those eras without air conditioning?

White -glazed brown color "Lanling King Entering" Porcelain Pillow (Figure Source Network)

Essential fashion items:

Porcelain pillow and "Mrs. Bamboo"

It is said that the bitter summer is difficult to sleep, and the ancients' "fancy" can deal with the hard -sleepless summer night.

The ancients paid attention to "daily life", and at the point of "sleep well", they did not work hard. The pillow has also become the object of flower mind research. In ancient times, hemp, silk, wood, amber, and crystal can be used as pillows. On the hot summer, jade pillows and porcelain pillows are the most popular.

The jade pillow is precious and is an object that can only be used by wealthy people. Li Qingzhao once wrote: "The festivals are heavy, jade pillowcurrency, in the middle of the night." The bed tent, which is breathable and hidden at the same time. The gauze of all ages is not the same. Some gauze can still be lifted out.

Jade pillow

Although the porcelain pillow is not cheap, it is more grounded. The porcelain pillow originated in the Sui Dynasty, and it was developed in the Tang Dynasty. After the flourishing of the Song Dynasty, there were more choices in decorative techniques and instruments. "Gong people are strong and green, so people give me the anti -inflammatory and steaming. The cool wind is born in the room. Porcelain pillows have diverse shapes, with waist circular pillows, semi -circular pillows, arched pillows, polygon pillows, and flower leaves, animals, integrity, and even children. The Dingyao white glaze pillow hidden in the Palace Museum is a beautiful porcelain pillow.

Dingyao white glaze child pillow (now hidden in the Palace Museum)

In the Tang and Song dynasties, most of the shapes of the porcelain pillow were tilted from the middle to both ends, which fits more people's head shape and spine, and it is more comfortable to sleep than a straight -shaped porcelain pillow. There is an open hole on the porcelain pillow. One is to prevent swelling and bursting during firing, and the other is to ventilate when used.

It has achieved the purpose of pursuing coolness, but people's pursuit of porcelain pillows is far more than that. After the folk became popular, porcelain pillows have become "fashion responsibility." Those who are pursuing noble character write a word of words on the porcelain pillow, "there is no speech in the public, no premature return", "do not want to do what you want, do not apply to others", etc., you can find it on the unearthed porcelain pillows. People who like poetry and mixed drama also catch up with this trend. Some people love Meng Haoran's poems "Move the boat and docked the smoke, the Nikkei is new. The mixed drama of "Lanling King Entering the Battle". This function of porcelain pillow is probably similar to the mobile phone wallpaper of modern people: what to love, just print what the pillow is.

In addition to porcelain pillows, the ancients also had a cool artifact, "Mrs. Bamboo". "Mrs. Bamboo" is bamboo, a cylindrical cage composed of bamboo crickets, with open holes around and around. Bai Juyi once wrote the usage of this kind of cooling object: "The robe is holding both knees, and the bamboo arms." Zhu Ji is generally used on the bed, either holding sleep, or under his arms or knees. The design of bamboo can be ventilated, and the material of the bamboo can also bring a cold touch. The family that pays attention to, and some sachets will be stuffed in the middle, sleeping in the fragrance.

The ancients were also greedy

How can I have less ice drink

Although the porcelain pillow and "Mrs. Bamboo" can make the summer night less difficult, the most effective way to cool down is to rely on ice.

In ancient times, there was no refrigerator, but relying on its own wisdom. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, Chinese people could enjoy the coolness brought by ice in the summer.

China is one of the earliest countries in the world to master ice -making technology. But at that time, ice making is still different from now. Most of the ancient ice was taken in winter, hidden in the ice cellar, and then used it in summer. This is the "Book of Book of Songs · July" "The two days chiseling ice rushing, three days of Lingyin." In order to use ice, the ancients also held a special ceremony. One said that because of the use of ice cubes in the summer and violating the seasonal, the god of water (Si Han Shen), one said to be grateful for the water god. In "Book of Rites · Monthly", "the emperor is a fresh lamb to open the ice, and the temple is recommended first."

Cyberkish refrigerator (now hidden in the Palace Museum)

The earliest artificial ice -making record in China is the "Huainan Wan Bi Shu" compiled by Liu An and the guests in the Western Han Dynasty: "Take the boiling soup and set it in the middle of the soup. The Song people researched the formula to make ice cubes with nitrate and water. In the Song Dynasty, various ice drinks appeared, and the demand for ice greatly increased. What kind of ice cheese, snow bean water, cold water lychee cream, etc. are not inferior to the types of milk tea on the market. The poet Yang Wanli of the Southern Song Dynasty left the verses of "seemingly greasy and culprit, and then condensed and wanting to float. The poems of jade came to the bottom of the plate, and the snow disappeared."

In the Song Dynasty, Bing was no longer the patent of the royal family, and ordinary people could enjoy it. Therefore, the Song Dynasty also set up a special institutional ice well to manage the collection, preservation, and use of ice. Bingjing affiliated with the imperial city department. Therefore, a period of time some time ago, the TV series "Menghua Record", a period of Zhao Pan'er offended the Chi Yin, which caused the "half -cover" tea house to buy ice cubes, and the passenger traffic decreased. Later, Gu Qianfan, who managed the emperor's Division, came forward to solve this matter through Bingjing. Since there is ice, there will be a Shengbing utensil. In ancient times, the ice cubes were used to put ice cubes such as ice trays, ice books and other utensils. According to legend, most of the ice trays are made of crystals, gold, silver and other materials, which are extremely precious. Put the ice cubes in the ice plate, and then enjoy the ice and other foods such as 藕 在 在 on the ice cubes, and get the love of many wealthy people.

Bingjian (Tuyuan Network)

The history of Bingjian has a long history, and it is recorded in "Zhou Li": "Sacrifice for Bingjian". Initially, most of the Bingjian was made of bronze. Later, it was made of wood. In the Qing Dynasty, Bingjian was made of enamel. Put the ice cubes in the ice, put fresh fruits and drinks in it, and you can enjoy it from time to time. The four walls inside the ice are wrapped in lead or tin, and there is a small hole at the bottom of the box. After the ice, it can flow out through the small hole. I have to say that the wisdom of the ancients is really amazing.

In fact, in ancient times, there was a more "wonderful" way to cool down: the heart quiet and natural. Bai Juyi wrote this kind of "self -comforting" style of cooling: "Why do you want to dispel the heat and sit in the hospital. There is no long object in front of the eyes, and there is a breeze under the window. It is more difficult to be with others. "In order to find the coolness of the summer, the ancients were also" eight immortals crossed the sea and each showed their magical powers. " But no matter what kind of method, as long as you can spend this heat, it is a good way to cool down.

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