[Yan Gongda • Baoyuntang Art Review] Fifty -sixth reading of reading: If you have a degree, you have to change the wonderful change.

Calligraphy is "affordable, pressed by", and in the writing of the lines, it is not separated from the shadow, which must be separated by the shadow. Essence It can be said that the process of strokes is the process of pressing. In the process, it will be accompanied by penalty movements such as frustration, turning, wrap, twisted, and sloppy. Auxiliary completion. Mr. Yan has in -depth research on the writing method in the calligraphy practice of decades:

"Dong Qichang's" Painting Zen Room Essay "said: 'Send a pen, you must be able to raise the pen, and do not make him self -confident ... if you are not credible, you can turn it in one bundle. Family Miao Jue also. Today, people are just the masters of the pen, and they have not tasted the pen. 'Liu Xizai's "Arts Profile · Book Proposition" said:' The book writer Yu Ti Xie two words, there is a combination of parting. It is mentioned that the light places are lightly pressed, which can be exempted from falling and drifting. 'We can see that in the exhibition, some cursive works look at the clouds and smoke, and the mind is rough. The pen is not mentioned, and the trend is dragged flat. "(" Baoyun Tang Art Review ")

"Lifting and pressing. Xiaoyi Ti is not very clear. The regular script is reused to press the pen. Lishu requires' lift to the degree of degree." There are festivals, the painting talks level, and the poetry is suppressed. The rhythm of Lishu lines is generated by the pressing of the pen. Only the lines can be intriguing. Beginners often mix the regular script with strokes into the law, which is not like.

Sun Guoting's "Book Book" Local 1

After the late Song Dynasty, the word "mentioned" appeared frequently in the literature, and it was rare before the Tang Dynasty. Although Tang had rarely appeared in the term of the "Press", but the technique existed, but it was only called differently. For example, Cheng Sui Gong's "Lishu Sports" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties: "Or lightly brush Xu Zhen, relieves the urgency, pulls horizontally, leaving the left and right." And Wang Xizhi's "Book Theory" cloud: "Each book desires ... … Shrike and Five Viles "," Remembering Mr. Bai Yun's Book "cloud:" Starting lonely, not widow "and so on. The writing techniques such as "slowing the urgency", "up", and "伏" here refer to the pens we are now talking about. Later, Sun Guoting's "Book of Books" "changed between one painting, changed to peaks", Huang Tingjian's "Valley Title" "use the pen to fall into the ups and downs", Jiang Yan's "Renewal Book" , The pen is out of the front, one pour together, one obscure, and magical. "In Jiang Heng's" Calligraphy Theory "," To the handwriting, you can turn the shoulder hook. "The influence of Jie Yu", Liu Xizai's "Book of Books", "Books with the Second Method", etc., the techniques mentioned in the ups and downs, ups and downs, tiolon, and vibration photography are mentioned by the meaning of the pen.

Pressing is one of the most basic and most widely used techniques in calligraphy in calligraphy. It refers to a special vertical motion on the paper during the line motion. Cai Yan's "Nine Top" says that "the pen is soft and weird". It is the use of the use of equal techniques. Different forms of astringent, slippery and light, etc., so that calligraphy lines have three major elements such as linear, linear, and line quality, so that it has artistic, lyricism, and uncompromising. The book scholar Shen Yinmo vividly walked in the "Calligraphy Theory" and walked to the pen with a person, and a metaphor with the feet to the pointer. It is very wonderful to describe the slightest action. It moves in a point painting. It ’s like people walking on the road. When walking on the road, your feet must fall together. In order, it is to press the pen to press the paper, and it is the only job of the wrist. "

Sun Guoting's "Book Book" Local 2

He also emphasized in the "Writing Five Words": "The essence of the pen, the first in the pen. Press it properly, and the temperament is to see. , Can be divided and not divided; if you press it, you can also press it; if you leave the paper, if you do n’t leave the paper; if you do n’t leave the paper, you can change everywhere, that is, you can change everywhere. The wrist is consistent, the whole arm is with the whole arm, and it is not easy to get the beauty. "The use of the pen can only enrich the lines of the line, but also the means of adjusting the direction of the pen. It is, with the method of using the pens, "make the pen in the painting often walk in the point of painting" (Cai Yan), and produces the rhythm in the pen, so that the lines have the beauty of rhythm. Therefore, some Dong Qichang emphasized in "Painting Zen Room Essay": "Thirty years of studying books, obtaining calligraphy, but not evidence, in the ears of self -reliance, self -collection. The father and son are helpless. "He said and" the pen must be lifted up.

Mr. Yan said: "Xiao Yi's Prescription is not very clear, the regular script is reused by pen, and Lishu requires the" Raiders to be there "." Throughout the history of calligraphy, you will find that the pens are basically in the evolution of the book body. A phenomenon from weak to strong to weak. From the Oracle of the Yin and Shang dynasties, to the golden text of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and to the Qin Dynasty Xiaoyan, the handling of the pen was basically translated, and it was not clear. On the occasion of the Qin and Han dynasties, there is a scholar with the beauty of waves. Among them, the well -known "Swallowtail" pen, press the cosmetic, is full of energy. It is the most refined and classic representative of the pen. It can be said that it is one of the key elements of calligraphy art to wake up as a calligraphy consciousness to "liberate change". The regular script became mature during the Wei and Jin dynasties, and its brushwork became richer and richer. With the continuous reinforcement of the pens, the changes of the point paintings have become rich, prompting the Tang Dynasty regular script to gradually escape from the ancient law and establish the Tang law, and achieve the pinnacle of the regular script of the "Sheng Tang Meteorology". It should be said that high -quality writing has a pens, such as the pens of the pen and the pen and recycling. As for in the middle of the pen, according to the differences in the book body, the pen is used to use the pen either or not, or the bright or obscure. Sun Guoting's "Book Book" Local 3

Pan Boying emphasized in "Chinese Calligraphy's A Brief Theory": "The so -called 'mentioning' is the 'lower pen to collect my pen'. The pen (with the pen) is 'press', and the pen is 'mentioning'. , Not just referring to mentioning the pen from the paper. As long as it is pressed, when the pen is pressed, the degree of lift a little less than the paper is also called 'mention'. " The purpose is to adjust the strength and gather force to restore the elasticity of the front. The purpose of "pressing" is to make the pen the slightest, make the dots thick, thicker, and the lines are so rich and magnificent. Liu Xizai's "Book Summary" cloud: "Every book should be pens and pen, pen and pen. The strokes are coherent and necessary during the process of the pen. The bookmakers must have a strong ability to control the pen, so that each pain One of the methods. It is true that the pens are obviously obvious, but it is not only here, but also through the strokes in the middle of the dot. The strokes that come out have no disadvantages of "medium timidity". The entire line has a strong potential and a sense of rhythm, which is in line with the neutralization of calligraphy art. Bao Shichen's "Yizhou Double 云" cloud: "The method of using the pen is found on the two ends of the painting, and the ancients are unreachable, they are intercepted in the painting. There are signs to find it. The reason why the interception is abundant and not timid, and the person is not empty.

Sun Guoting's "Book Book" cloud: "Between one painting, change to the peak", in the one painting, the ups and downs changes are implemented through the pen, and it must be the ups and downs. According to the explanation of the pen. "Pen pen, pen and pen" emphasizes that each stroke has a movement and pressing action in the process of transporting the strokes. Although the "point" painting is the smallest stroke in the eight methods, its writing process contains All the requirements of the pen, due to the lack of natural trend of the strokes, have limited room for use, in the writing, the three actions of the "stroke, rowing, and pens" are still difficult. If you do n’t write well, one is easy to form a dot that is separated from other strokes and does not reveal the sharpness, just like a lonely ink. Pressing, the process of saving the strokes, such "points" paintings are often empty and have a weakly morbid appearance; the third is that the form of the "point" painting is too flat or straight, and it cannot produce that it cannot produce. Stimulating momentum, can't come out of the spirit.

Sun Guoting's "Book Book" Local 4

Liu Xizai's "Book Summary" is also cloud: "The book writer and 'Ti' 'Press the word, there is a combination of compatibility and no separation. The disease of falling and fluttering. "It is" up ", according to" ambush ". Each painting contains continuous changes in undulations. Song Huizong Zhao's thin golden script tended to "mention" the pen, and the lines were thin and thin; while Yan Zhenqing's regular script focused on the use of "press", the lines were thick and strong. Those who are good at mention are light and good, and the good is thick. Sun Guoting's "Book of Books" is "either heavy or like a cicada wings." Or lighten or re -press, you must have "degrees". Yu Shinan's "Bi Youba Theory" cloud: "The severity is out of the heart, and the wonderful use should be hand." It is not a simple up and down exercise of a brush. If you just relax after the pen, you can drag it by pressing the brush when pressing the pen. If you do n’t mention it, slip down, and the lines will float lightly, such as the earthworms walking mud; The "thick head tail, broken waist" in the "On the Book of Books", "Similar to Broken Broken Broken Broken Great", and the highly criticized bulls, sage tails, bee waist, crane knees, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals,, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals,, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals, and bamboo festivals. Eight pathological paintings such as edges and corners, folding wood, and firewood are the result of incorrectly. Mr. Yan also pointed out, "If you don't distinguish, the rhyme is straight; if you are too much, you have a lot of time, and the village of losing the village." ; A wave of twists and turns can the lines look intriguing. " Liu Xizai pointed out that the promotion should cooperate with each other, integrate with each other, and be unified. In the specific writing, the place where the pen is heavy should be used to avoid "falling", thick and flying; the place where the pen is light should be used to avoid "floating", flying without losing thickness. Mr. Yan's concluding summary: "If you have a degree, you have to change the wonderful change."

Since the rise of the monument of the Qing Dynasty, he was valued by the book with a pen. Yao Pingzhong's "He Dongpo Rhymes": "Please make a way to turn the square, and the flattening and quite pretty. The spirit is charged, the spirit is out. If you do not press the blood, if you do n’t merge, if you do n’t mention it, you will not be uniform, and if you are not uniform, you will not be able to bone. The Fang Ze is flat, and it is for the push to turn it. It is to turn it over. Knowing the twisted, turning, the ink is not dry and wrapped. " The correspondence of blood should be combined with the positive side (flat, flat) to better express the "turn" in the calligraphy, so it is thought that "the true interpretation of the turn, the secrets of the ancients". Kang Youwei also attaches great importance to the pens, and its "Guangyi Boat Double 楫" cloud: "Fang uses a meal, and the pen is used to lift the pen. Strong. The method of the people in the middle, the pioneers are also the law. The brushes are gentle and dense, the pen is dense, the round pen is superior, and the pen is condensed. In the circle, use the pump, and the square uses the puppet. The round pen is used to use it, and it is frustrated. Yu Ti pressed the pen that was frustrated.

The lines of calligraphy are life. Pressing the pen in the calligraphy line is like life is breathing and the heart is beating. Mr. Yan said: "Chinese calligraphy is the art of lines, the expression of the author's emotions and spirit, and the manifestation of the pulse of the times." The emotions are externalized through lines to express their feelings, so as to make the static calligraphy lines become the beauty and rhythm of change.

(Text/Peng Qingyang)

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