Unexpectedly, the annihilation of the ancient Chinese feudal dynasties was related to the outbreak of the volcano.

When mentioning the outbreak of volcanoes, what will we think of? Gorgeous mushroom cloud? Rolling magma? The mighty of nature? Or dinosaur extinction?

There should be few people that lin the volcanic outbreak with the annihilation of the ancient Chinese dynasty?

Recently, researchers from the Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences from the University of Rogers University of New Jersey in the United States conducted analysis of the sulfate content in Greenland and Antarctic Ice Cores, and rebuilt 156 volcanic eruptions between 1 AD to 1915 and 1915, and and also burst. The history of 68 dynasties in ancient China was analyzed. For the first time, it was confirmed that in the past 2000, the annihilation of ancient Chinese dynasties was more likely to occur in the years after the volcanic eruption. In other words, the outbreak of volcanoes often leads to the demise of ancient Chinese dynasties.

In this regard, the co -author of the University of Environment and the Department of Biological Sciences Alan Robock, a co -author of this article, said, "We first confirmed that in the past 2000, the annihilation of the Chinese dynasties was closely related to the outbreak of volcanic. Because the collapse of the dynasty mainly comes directly from continuous wars and conflicts, and climate change caused by volcanic eruption may affect crop output, thereby further intensifying the dynasty's annihilation. "

Related research Published in the latest period of "Volcanic Climate IMPACTS Can Act As Ultimate and Proximate CapeSese Dynastic Collapse".

Volcano eruption on humans far beyond our imagination

When it comes to volcanic eruption, many people may not be familiar with, and everyone will see the scene of volcanic eruption on TV, news or other media platforms. Of course, since most volcanic eruptions are within the scope of human beings, few people will be afraid of the volcanic eruption. Only when they hear the extinction of dinosaurs, or the ancient city of Pompeii will make up for the large -scale volcanic eruption. The severe scene.

Therefore, in the eyes of most people, unless it is a large -scale volcanic eruption, it has little effect on human life activities.

(Source: pixabay)

However, in the 1970s and 1990s, a seemingly inconspicuous and mild volcano erupted, which eventually killed 250,000 people and 10 million people became refugees. This is the famous Sahele drought.

Sahler mainly refers to tropical grasslands in the south of the Sahara Desert in Africa, including Mali, Senegal, Chad, and Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia and other countries and regions. Shahua has become a high -incidence area in the world.

In the early 1970s, there had been five consecutive years of drought in the Sahele area, and during the period, there were almost no rain. In 1982, Africa fell into drought again. In this disaster, the country was the country in the Sahele region.

The Nyli River in Mali is an important local grain production area. Every year, a large amount of fertile silt from the Niger River is deposited here. But in 1982, people were looking at it, and they could not see the heavy rain expecting day and night. In the past year, the sowing area of ​​rice in the ancient region was more than 4,600 hectares, while the famous rice production area was sowed only 90 hectares the following year. In other parts of Mali, whether it is north or south, rainfall is half less than normal years.

(Source: Rutgers University-New Brunswick)

The Senegalese region is inevitably attacked by drought, and the output of high beams and millet is half less than in previous years. Peanuts are the main crops in the north and central regions, almost all of them withered; Pu Pocho accounts for 70 % of the national flowers in the Xin -Salujuan area, and peanuts are also reduced by nearly half.

Even from 1983-1984, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations urgently called on the international community to provide 3.2 million tons of grain assistance. As of 1985, the food provided by the international community to Africa, a large number of medicines, clothing, tents and other urgent needed items had reached tens of millions of tons. But in the end, this severe drought still killed hundreds of thousands of people, and tens of millions of people were the victims.

So, what is the relationship between the disaster of this century?

Generally speaking, a large-scale volcanic eruption will form a sulfide cloud layer in the sky, which blocks the sun for about 1-2 years, thereby reducing the temperature of the earth surface and leading to the weakening of monsoon and decreased rainfall.

During the analysis of the cause of the Darry of Sahele in the 1980s, people found through the global climate model that it will significantly reduce the precipitation in the tropical region 1-2 years after the outbreak of the large-scale volcano. In 1982, the outbreak of the El Chichón volcano in Mexico, although milder, may still be closely related to the drought in the Sahele region in Africa.

How does the volcanic outbreak affect the annihilation of the ancient Chinese dynasty

From a historical perspective, there are three main reasons for the demise of ancient Chinese dynasties. One is that the internal system of the country is decaying, officials are corrupt, and the country's internal consumption is serious. The rule; the third is internal rebellion, the core of domestic rights, the throne, overthrowing the existing dynasty.

Among them, the decay of the country's internal system is also the main reason why the ancient Chinese dynasties were destroyed. Throughout the ancient Chinese dynasty, most of the laws exist in a general law, that is, the initial politics is clear, the rest of the country is rich, and the country is rich and strong; Local separation, eventually leading the country to destroy. Obviously, when it comes to the reasons for the extermination of the ancient Chinese dynasty, few people think of the volcanic outbreak.

(Source: pixabay)

Earlier, people found that when studying volcanic outbreaks on the global climate, it was found that when the volcano broke out, millions of tons of sulfur dioxide pump could be put into the atmosphere, forming a huge sulfuric acid cloud, reflected the sun and reduced the temperature of the earth.

At the same time, the study also found that the global climate change caused by large -scale volcanic eruptions has a huge impact on crops, which may cause many crops to face the dual danger of cold and dry in the growth season.

In addition, climate change can also cause a series of problems such as livestock death, acceleration of land degradation, and recovery in winter, farming and pest breeding, and further exacerbate crop damage.

(Source: pixabay)

Studies have shown that when a social and political and economic pressure is already very high, the smaller volcanic eruption of the "impact" of the climate will cause society to collapse and the dynasty is destroyed. The large -scale volcanic eruption will destroy a dynasty without significantly increased social pressure.

Therefore, in the analysis of the sulfate content in Greenland and Antarctic Ice Core, the researchers rebuilt the 156 volcanic explosion data from 1 AD to 1915, and found that compared with the outbreak of humans in the 20th and 21st century, in ancient China, in ancient China The scale of volcanic eruptions during the feudal dynasty was significantly larger.

At the same time, after the merger and analysis of the history of the 68 dynasties in ancient China, and after the previous war between 850 and 1911, the researchers finally confirmed that due to the impact of the volcanic outbreak on the environment and crops, the destruction of ancient Chinese dynasties mostly occurred in the ancient Chinese dynasty. A few years after the outbreak of the volcano.

The results of this study means that the outbreak of volcanoes and climate change in the future may cause serious disasters to the marginalized areas on the planet. Therefore, we need to prepare for future volcanic eruptions, especially in the fragile century and region.

Reference materials:

https://www.nature.com/articleS/S43247-021-00284-7

https://www.rutgers.edu/news/volcanic-Euptions- Contributed-Collapse-Chinese-Dynasties

Written article: Zhu humming

Editor: Wang Xinkai

Capture: HS

Source: academic headline

Reprinted: Science Popularization China

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