The latest research results of "Antajane" released or discovered the earliest text of "The Analects of Confucius"

On August 19, Anhui University held a new book launch conference on "Anhui University Tibetan Warring States Bamboo Slip (2)", and the latest research results of "An Dajian" were released. The second series of "Anta Jane" released this time includes two important documents, namely "Zhong Ni Yue" and "Cao Mo's Chen". Among them, "Zhong Ni Yue" may be the earliest text of the Analects of Confucius as of now. "An Dajian" "Cao Mo's Chen" and "Shang Bojian" "Cao Mo's Chen" mutual school can basically restore the original appearance of the text.

The Bamboo Slip of the Warring States Period of Anhui University, referred to as "An Dajian", is a group of precious Chu Jian materials that entered the school in Tibet in 2015. The era was the early and middle period of the Warring States Period. In 2019, the first series of "Book of Songs" in "Anta Jane" came out, which had a wide and profound impact.

"Zhong Ni Yue" or the earliest "Analects" text

"Zhong Ni Yue" has 13 simplified, 43 cm long, 0.6 cm wide, and two editors. There is no question, regardless of chapter. Jian Wending was written, and the first and tails were not blank. There are numbers on the back of the Jane 1 to 7. It is particularly interesting that there are three simplified backs on the back, and the 12th Jian Jian has 17 words. It has nothing to do with the content of the text, which is likely to be caused by the words.

There are 25 words from Confucius recorded by Jian Wen. There are 8 people in this "The Analects of Confucius", and some can be compared with "Book of Rites", "Big Dai Rites" and "Confucius", but the text is not The same. Therefore, Jane's "Zhong Ni Yue" may be excerpted from the Analects of the Confucius in the Warring States Period, or for the earliest text of the Analects of Confucius as of the current discovery. The discovery of the simple book has extraordinary significance and value for the study of the Analects of Confucius, the development and change of text, and the development of the Confucius.

First of all, there are differences between Jane Ben and today's text, which shows that today is obviously modified by posterior people. This "The Analects of Confucius · Yong Ye" is written: "Zi said: 'Xianyu returns! A meal, a scoop drink, in the lane, people are unsatisfactory, and they will not change their joy. This work: "Zhongni said: 'One -eclipse, a spoonful of be pulp, people are endless, and I am not as happy as I am. I might as well return. And through the design of the first echo to achieve the expression effect of the consequences and emphasizing the purpose. This "one scoop drink" is different from that of the "spoonful of pulp" of the simple book. "Scoop" is simpler than "spoon", "drinking" is more common than "pulp", plus "in the alley" It can be described as the lack of material life, and the wealth of the spiritual world. Reading "without changing its joy" is not the same as "it is not good for its joy", which means that "does not change your happiness" focusing on your own spiritual homeland, "cannot withstand the happiness of others" is emphasizing right. Disagreement of other people's values.

Secondly, some Confucius remarks recorded by Jian Ten were misused as others in the descendants of the descendants. For example, "Dai Dai Rites · Zeng Zizhi" "Fan Hua is full of people and the heavens; those who say many words, people also", "Said Garden · Jing Shen" Chapter Nine God; those who have more words and less words, people also ", all remember the mouth of Zeng Zi. This sentence is also found in "Anta Jane", which is clearly "Zhongni said", but the content of the first half of the sentence is the opposite of the handed down literature, and it is "Hua Fan and Thick". It can be seen that the descendants have not only changed the source of the famous quotes, but also the content of the famous quotes.

Finally, the eye -catching is the end of Jian Wenwen's "Zhongni". "Language" may be read as "Analects". If this is established, the name of the Analects of Confucius has already been available in the Warring States Period.

"'An Dajian'" Zhong Ni Yue "is the first discovery of the materials related to the Confucius during the Warring States Period. Although the length is not large, only 8 are seen in this Analects of the Analects, but how many literature studies in the Analects of Confucius are in The value of aspects. In general, there are four main aspects. "Huang Dekuan, the editor -in -chief of this book, the president of the Chinese Faculty Society, and the director of the Literature Research and Protection Center of Tsinghua University. It has the basic style characteristics of the Analects of Confucius. The second is that from the perspective of the editor, the "Zhongni" is known as the habit of Confucius disciples. It can be speculated that "Zhongni Yue" is the Confucius quotation compiled by the Confuciusmen. Third, from the perspective of the distribution and content of the containment, more than two -thirds of the Confucius remarks in the recorded "Zhong Ni Yue" are not seen in the "The Analects" in this "Analects". The eight articles of the Analects of Confucius are also different in text. It can be seen that although "Zhong Ni Yue" is connected with today's "The Analects of Confucius", it is unlikely to be an excerpt of the Warring States Period of the Analects. Fourth, from the perspective of the Analects of Confucius, "Zhong Ni Yue" provides new materials for the study of related issues.

The discovery of "Zhongni Yue" helps to promote the discussion of the issues such as the Analects of Confucius ", name and inheritance." Huang Dekuan said.

Two "Cao Mo's Chen" mutual school can basically restore the original appearance of the text

"An Dajian" "Cao Mo's Chen" records the dialogue between Lu Zhuanggong and Cao Mo. The content involved the military and political concepts of the time was a very important artistic literature.

The original 46 simplicity, 44 actual storage, lacking 2. The simplified 48.5 cm and 0.6 cm wide, three braid ropes. The simplified tail is white, and only the 15th Jian Ding grid is written, which is likely to be caused by the writing. There are scratches and text in Jane's back, or a word or deposit, which is mostly related to the content of the positive brief text. It may be a comment of a word of the front Jane text, or the summary of the main purpose of the text. In the fourth series of "Shangbo Jane" announced in 2004, there is also a "Cao Mo Zhi Chen". According to the content of "An Dajian", it can solve the problem of the compilation of the brief text related brief texts of "Shangbojian". Referring to each other with a simple article can basically restore a complete literature.

"An Dajian" "Cao Mo's Chen" and "Shang Bojian" are different copies of the same document. There are many differences between different texts and words between the two manuscripts. Reference clues. For example, Jane 15's "horns" can solve the problem of misunderstanding of Shangbo Jane's "symbol ~".

What is particularly interesting is that the "Shangbo Jane" "the world's ambition, the widow of the world", made "the heart of the world, the widow of the world" in An Dajian. "Shangbojian" takes off the word "Hou". It can be seen that it is a common phenomenon in the process of copying the ancient books, etc.

Huang Dekuan concluded that with the reference of "Anta Jane" "Cao Mo's Chen", the two simple texts and mutual schools, the errors of the "Cao Mo" in Shangbo Jane can be corrected, and the incomplete brief texts can be supplemented, which can solve some difficulties. The interpretation of words; the two brief texts are about the same mother, and the two types of manuscripts are interpreted, which can solve the interpretation of some difficult words; The text error of the manuscript helps Jian Wen to understand the correct understanding.

"The announcement of the second series of" An Dajian "provides new materials for relevant disciplines such as ancient Chinese characters, Chinese history, history, and ancient literature. The value of these two documents will be revealed more comprehensive. "Huang Dekuan said. (Reporter Changhe Ding Yiming)

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