The ancient Chinese people's understanding of the planet Sun and Moon Food

One | Seven Zheng

The ancients called Tai Baixing (Venus), Sui Star (Jupiter), Chen Xing (Mercury), Sinxing (Mars), Zhenxing (Saturn) as five stars, five stars, also known as five stars, plus the sun star (day), Taiyin star ( Month), collectively known as Qiyu, also known as Qiwei or Qizheng.

The ancients felt that the seven politics were closely related to the affairs of the world, because except for special natural phenomena, the stars in heaven are all stars, and the relative positions remain unchanged.

"Book. Shun Dian": "On the day of the first month, the ancestor was finally. In Xuanyuan Yuheng, Qi Qi Zheng."

Kong Yingda Shu: "Seven politics, its politics has seven, Yu Yi Hengxue, it must be in heaven, knowing that the seven politics means the sun and the moon and the five stars."

Therefore, "Easy. Temporary" cloud: Tianzhangxiang, see (present) good and bad, saints. The five -star of the moon and the moon has a good and bad image. Because of its changes, the seven are their own affairs, so it is the seven politics. If you have a failure, he is called politics. "

In addition to the "Seven", Jiu Yan introduced two "hidden" in "Luo Yan" and "Jidu".

"Hidden 代" is a referring to the ancient Chinese astrology, which refers to the star 曜 that cannot be seen in the vision of people.

"Only in the sky is qi and invisible" is quite accurately describing the "hidden" statement.

"Luo Yan" and "Judu" are all transliterations of Sanskrit;

Luo Yan Xing statue

It originated in the Luo Yan who sneaked the milk -sea man in Indian mythology.

The two gods reported to Vishnu's small report, and Luo Yan was cut off and arms by Vishnu. However, Luo Yan's skull has never been dead. In order to avenge, he often devour the sun and the moon, causing solar eclipse and eclipse. The dead body turned into a "capital" and became a sudden appear in the night sky, threatening everyone's ominous star-comet.

When the earth revolves around the sun, relative;

From the earth, the sun will move on the sky.

The trajectory of the movement is called "zodiac";

The orbit where the moon revolves around the earth is called "White Tao".

"Yodao" and "White Dao" intersect two points, which are called "Monthly Beidao" and "Moon and South Train".

Generally speaking, in China "Luo Yan" and "Jidu" refers to the intersection of "zodiac" and "White Dao".

The names of "Luo Yan" and "Jidu" generally believe that the earliest appeared in the "Nine Calendar" compiled by the Tang Dynasty Star Pluster Qu Henda;

"Nine Pressers" refers to "Nine” ".

The theory of "Nine" was gradually valued by Chinese star occupants at the end of the Tang Dynasty to the fifth generation.

The two planets that the sun and the moon make us see the naked eye;

It is also the two stars that have the greatest influence on us.

The ancients talked about Yang Shengyin;

It can be said that the sun and the moon plays a decisive role on the growth of all creatures on the earth;

The ancients attached great importance to the operation of the sun and the moon. Our calendar was mainly formulated by the observation of the sun and the moon. Our latter calendar introduced in detail. This is just the sun and the moon.

| Day and Moon Eating

The ancients observed the sun and the moon very early;

Oracle's records about sun and moon food;

After research, the day eclipse occurred on May 26, 1217 BC;

This is also the earliest record about the world's eclipse;

There are as many as 37 days of daily eating in the spring and autumn;

"The General Collection of Ancient Chinese Tiansheng Records" has more than 1,600 solar eclipse and more than 1,100 days in ancient Chinese records.

The ancients thought that the sun was eaten in the sun in the middle of the day;

Moon eclipse is to eat the moon in the middle of the moon. The folk says that it is Tengu to eat the moon, so it is called food or erosion.

The ancients have a detailed division of the sun and lunar food process;

The whole food is divided into the first loss, the food is very, the food is very good, the life is glory, and the reunion five kinds of food.

Partial eclipse is divided into three types of losses.

The concealment between the planet and the moon is also called food;

"Kaiyuan Zhan Jing": "Wu Xian said: Every five -star enters the month, the star is not seen, it is the moon food star, the star sees, and the star."

Regarding the hiding stars are roughly divided into moon cover stars, moon cover planets, planet covering stars, planets, etc., the ancients paid more attention to the moon covering the stars, so generally covering the stars refers to the moon covering the star.

There are more than 200 ancient moon cover planet records included in the "General Collection of Ancient Chinese Patriarch Records".

"Zhou Yi · Feng Gua" is recorded in "Yueying Food";

"Poetry · Xiaoya · October" has the verses of "Eating the Moon and the Moon, then the moment";

I realize that the lunar eclipse is regular, and only when the moon is looking at.

Shishen during the Warring States Period already knew that the solar eclipse was related to the moon, and realized that the solar eclipse must happen in Shuo or Wan.

In the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang said in the "Five Classics": "Skin -eclipse, the moon is covered."

It can be seen that at the latest in the Western Han Dynasty, the cause of the day eclipse was already understood.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng explained the cause of the lunar eclipse in "Lingxian". He believed that the moonlight came from the sun, and the earth covered the sunlight, and it produced a moon food.

Shen Kuo clearly explained in the "Mengxi Bi Tan" Volume 7 of the Vol.

Only when the angle is the same and closer, it is in the place where the zodiac and the White Tao intersect can it be covered with each other.

In the place where Huangbai Dao happened to intersect, the whole food occurred; not in the middle, partial food occurred.

The ancients had a long -term and serious analysis of food. As early as the Western Han Dynasty, they could realize that the occurrence of food had certain rules and periodic changes.

The so -called "food cycle" is that after a cycle, the three of the sun, the moon and the earth returned to the original relative position, and the sun and moon food that appeared before a cycle appeared again. The ancient calendar workers in our country used their own methods to explore the food cycle. The value used was also very advanced in the history of world astronomy.

The Western Han Dynasty's "Three Unifications" used 135 Shuangyue's food cycle.

Since then, the calculation of the food cycle value has continuously improved to achieve high accuracy.

The ancients were not satisfied with this result, but prepared a set of calculation methods for pre -pushing food.

In "Qianxiang Calendar", it was already about six degrees for Huangbaijiao, which was quite precise at the time.

"Qianxiang Calendar" records that the moon can only occur within fifteen degrees of the moon and the yellow and white intersection. The descendants use this number as a judgment that will occur. This is the concept of restrictions.

With the deepening of the research on the Sun and Moon Movement, the method of calculating the sun and the moon has become increasingly improved, and the results of the forecast are becoming more and more precise.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yang Wei's "Scenery Calendar" began the score and losing position of the food eclipse.

For the first time, Liu Yi considers the impact of vision on food (observing celestial bodies on the earth surface and the difference in the position of celestial bodies generated by the places to observe the celestial body).

Starting from the Tang Dynasty monks and his party, he began to calculate the situation in various places.

The level of the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties continued to develop upward, so the level of sun and moon foods continued to improve.

Guo Shoujing's food pushed by the Yuan Dynasty was quite accurate, and the method used was also very advanced in the history of world astronomy.

The research results of sun and moon food in ancient my country wrote a glorious page in the development history of world astronomy.

Some pictures in the text are from the network

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