"Le" "Yue" identification

In traditional Chinese culture, emotional issues have always been the focus of ancient people's attention. "Going to Practice" is not only a manifestation of the nature of human nature, but also a manifestation of its value pursuit. The ancients often used words such as "joy", "joy", "music", and "joy" in positive and positive emotional descriptions. Among them, "Le" and "Yue" are the most common in the classics. The ancients not only interpreted the "Le" and "Yue", but also had different levels of understanding and controversy about the two.

"Le" "Yue" is the same

"Le" "Yue" all express the "joy" and "joy" feelings, which can be proven through the sources of words and classic interpretations.

For "Le", there are currently four views of the academic circles: one is that Luo Zhenyu started from the characteristics of "Le" fonts in the Oracle Bone, and proposed: "From the silk attached to the wood, the psychic elephant." "". Guo Moruo held this view. The second is to use pictographs to judge, shape like a drum, and the lower like a drum. In the "Said", "Le" is interpreted as: "Five Sounds and Eight Sounds. Explanation of the original meaning of music is related to the musical instrument, and then from the general feeling of listening to music to happiness and joy, that is, the joy and enjoyment of internal emotions from external musical instruments and vocal music. The third is to use the method of analogy to repair the sea forest. By comparison of the glyphs such as the word "music" in the oracle bone text, the word "fruit", "pick", and "medicine" and other characters, it is believed that it is related to food. The style is closely related. In the farming society mainly for survival and food and clothing, the biggest demand for people is the harvest of grain. Therefore, Xiu Haelin believes that "Le" initially said that the grain is mature, which is related to the harvest of people's crops and festivals. Later, it was extended to the psychological emotions of joy and sense of joy. This explanation is in line with the basic appearance of China's primitive society. The ancients also pursued the spiritual enjoyment after realizing the happiness brought by material satisfaction. Fourth, Zhou Wuyan believes that "music" has three levels of training: "music" is "栎", that is, "social tree", and its basis is that "Le", "栎" is synonymous and the same in the rhetoric, all used as place names, all used as place names as place names. Solution; further extended the pronoun of songs and dances, dresses, dresses, and men and women when the first layer of meaning was further extended to the "social festival"; the word "music" was divided from the broad "joy".

Although there are differences in the "Le" source uprising and it is difficult to distinguish the authenticity, the level of the "Le" source uprising is relatively clear. The most important of which are "instrumental music" and "emotion". Instrumental music "," music "read yuè, is music; as" emotion "," music "read lè, ancient sound luò, indicating the emotion of" joy "and" joy "," Classic Interpretation "cloud:" music, joy. "Huang Kankan. Yun: "Happy to be happy." Feeling, but its source can point to the objective material world and the spiritual world. As the "music" and "joy" of "music", the "music" has internal consistency. "Book of Rites · Music" records "music and music", which is connected. Therefore, the most fundamental expression of "joy" is the emotional expression of "joy" and "joy".

For "Yue", its glyph structure shows the meaning of "pleasant" and "happy". The explanation of "Chinese characters" is: "From the heart (heart), the ancient text shape is like the heart, which means a happy mood; Happy. "" Guangya Shi Yan "cloud:" Yue, Hi also. "" Thirteen Classics Note "records:" Yue Zhe, Heart Happy. " Joy also. "(" Explanation 2 ")" Yue, Serving "in" Eria · Shi ", which is what" Mencius Gongsun Ugly "referred to Essence It shows the psychological feelings of being happy and sincere.

Through the sources and classic interpretations, "Le" and "Yue" both express the positive emotions corresponding to "Huan" and "Hi". Confucianism also clearly states that the two are the concepts of interpretation. Such as "Thirteen Classic Note · Shi Yan First" cloud: "Yue, Leye." Liu Baonan's "Analects of Confucianism" recorded: "'music', joy also. "Yue" has the internal communication. At the same time, the differences between the two are also explained in the classics, and through revealing it, it can show the unique intentions of the ancients in the expression of joy.

"Le" "Yue" difference

Regarding the differences between "Le" and "Yue", the ancients mostly clarified that the academic circles mainly sorted and summarized from the four aspects of "inside and outside", "closed and open", "subjectivity and subjectivity", "high and low".

First, the difference between inside and outside. Tang Ru and Lu Deming stated in "The Classic Interpretation": "From the inside, Yue, from the outside world." Cheng Zi believed that "'Say in the heart, the Lord is diverted. Gegong characters are common. Leben borrowed music, joy is outside, elephant music is outside, so the Lord is scattered outside. " Disposter each other. Based on this, it is said that "Yue" is a kind of inherent psychological condition, and "music" is an external expression form. This interpretation meaning explains the different focus of "music" and "joy", but it is too stiff and shallow. At the same time, this statement is not completely appropriate. "Le" not only has the external expression of "unsatisfactory and dancing", but also the internal emotional experience of "enjoy the world and worry about the world". Second, the difference between closure and opening. Closing and openness do not have the root cause of emotions, but from its presence, to reflect the different qualities of the two. Huang Kan believes: "'Yue' and 'Le' are all happy, they are always in the heart, and the appearance is different. You have a lot of heart, and there are many hearts. From the embrace, the heart is more "Yue". Today's friends say that the taste of righteousness is intersecting, the virtue is recovered, and the appearance of the heart is "music". " ") This means that" Yue "and" Le "both express the unity of psychological emotions and external appearances. But "Yue" is a closed emotion. Its characteristics are "more hearts and less", emphasizing the external expression of psychological and emotional experience without paying attention to emotion; while "music" is an open emotion, its characteristics, its characteristics It is "a lot of hearts", emphasizing the balance between psychological emotions and external appearances.

Third, the subject of the subject is different from the subject. In the article "The Analects of Confucius," said: "Do you learn it when you learn it? Do you say that there are friends from afar?" The growth of sexuality has the characteristics of the subjectiveness, and as one of the five -way, its joy is presented in this ethical relationship. Its important characteristic is the subject of the subject. In this regard, Chen Jihong and Zhao Yanyan pointed out that "Yue" marked the personal realm of "self -pleasing", and "music" pointed to the "interdependence" and "music" between friends. Sex and emotional experience. This distinction is from the dimension of the dimension. Although there is a certain basis, it is not enough to fundamentally show the differences between the two. In fact, "Le" has not only the characteristics of the subject, but also shows the lofty moral realm of the individual, that is, the "poverty" and "music forgotten worry" also.

Fourth, the difference between height. Liu Yanjiao believes that there are two distinctions between "Yue" and "Le": First, "Yue" is more happy with a specific event and situation. ; "Le" is more inclined to a stable emotional orientation, such as the joy of Kong Yan, which can maintain Changle even in the suffering situation. The second is that "music" is a sufficient emotional driving force. Mencius said that "music and tirelessness" can definitely promote the emergence of external moral behavior; and the joy and joy of "Yue" are not enough to become promoted The adequate conditions of behavior, as Ran Qiu said, "do not speak the way, it is not enough." ("The Analects of Confucius · Yong Ye") Therefore, the author believes that the realm of "music" is higher than "Yue". Ma Wangdui's "Five Elements" wrote: "If the gentleman's worries are not centered, there is no centered wisdom, and there is no centered wisdom. "It can be seen that" Yue "is the inner sincerity on the basis of wisdom, and then on the basis of sincerity, you can feel at ease and heart. Although "Yue" represents the personal realm of "self -pleasing", the realm of "music" is more high -level and worthy of respect. It can represent the realm of Confucianism. In fact, whether it is Confucianism, or Taoism and Buddhism, Le is the ultimate emotional purpose. Meng Peiyuan pointed out in the book "Soul Beyond and Realm": "Confucianism is happy with 'benevolence' and 'sincerity', that is, with the moral realm as the core, it has achieved morality. '. Taoism takes' none ', and "nature' is happy, that is, the aesthetic realm is the core, and the German and Meixi is achieved. Happy, with 'Nirvana' as a joy, that is, the religious realm is the core of Demei, which is the so -called 'Changle'. "

In order to put it, in traditional Chinese culture, although "Le" and "Yue" have interpretations, they cannot replace each other. "Yue" is a personal self -experience, which has the characteristics of subjectivity and closedness, while "Le" is a sustainable and stable emotional experience formed on the basis of "Yue". Open characteristics. Although both represent the emotional experience of "joy" and "joy", "music" is the expression of its highest form.

(Author Unit: Academy of Philosophy of Renmin University of China)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Zhang Guichao

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