Hammer Dingkun -Visit Gaomi City Intangible Cultural Heritage Hou Jianshan

In the past, in the people in Gaomi, Zhucheng, and Jiaonan, people said that the artists who specifically repaired ceramic supplies were "furnaces". When I was a child, I often heard the sip of the "furnace of the furnace" in the village skewers: "Basin, bowl of bowls, bowls, big tanks ..." The sound, frustration, crisp and loud, echoed in most of the villages.

In the art world, it is usually called "living" that rough 锔 在 在, and it is called "Xiuhuo" that needs to be treated finely. In recent decades, with the development of society, "living" has gradually withdrawn from the stage of history, disappearing, and no "furnace" has been heard in the countryside. Under normal circumstances, most of the damaged ceramic supplies are thrown away, and it is not used. So, what kind of situation is the inheritance and promotion of "锔 传"?

On the morning of August 12, 2022, I came to Gaomi's "Yiyi Zhai" and visited Hou Jianshan, a representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage.

Hou Jianshan, male, born in 1973. He is 49 years old. He is a representative inheritance of Gaomi City's "non -heritage" 锔 锔 他 and a special cultural relic restoration of the Gaomi Museum. His porcelain skills, Gaomi TV stations have made several interviews and reports.

Hou Jianshan's "” ， "is located on Yuetan Road in Gaomi City. As far as I know, this is the only workshop in Gaomi City.

Come to "斋 锔 来", but see a large workbench in the center of the workshop, with various artistic tools and ceramic supplies on the countertop. The western wall is a showcase, which has a repaired work inside, which is orderly. On the other side of the wall, there is a large layout with dense photos on it. Hou Jianshan pointed to the photos on the layout and said to me, "This is all the works I have repaired over the years."

Hou Jianshan said: "一 说 is a very ancient skill. Gao Mi City has earlier included 锔 锔 in 2018 issued me a certificate of representative inheritors of the art of the art. "

I first asked him a few common sense questions. Hou Jianshan said: "是 is the cracking ceramics that combined with the tadlion. As the name suggests, the art is the skill that fixes the broken utensils."

The "big sea" of the Qing Dynasty before repairing

Speaking of the history of 史 历, Hou Jianshan talked: "The skills of the art of 锔 说 have a long history. It has flourished with the development of the ceramics industry. So, it should have a history of thousands of years. The earliest The art may be relatively simple. For example, using a hemp rope to bundle the damaged utensils in series. The earliest literature that can reflect the art of the art is the "Qingming Shanghe Tu" of Zhang Xuanduan in the Song Dynasty. Art scene: A craftsman puts the goods on the ground, and he is sitting on a small stool, which is pulling the drill to make the artifacts of the utensils. The office 'has a special artistic art. During the people's commune of the People's Republic of China, the folk arts were more developed, and there were many' bun furnaces 'on the streets, but these' 锢 办 '' is all 'living'. At the beginning of this century, with the rise of tea art, the "Xiuhuo" began to flourish. Some people used valuable ceramic items, which was damaged and reluctant to throw them away, so they tried to repair them all. There was another purpose. Some people watched it in some people to watch. Come, the repaired ceramic appliances have more appreciation and collection value than the original. "

"How are you interested in 生 兴?" I asked.

Hou Jianshan was in contemplation, and he said, "This is long, and my ancestors were 'busts'. Big cylinder, they met in their common artistic career. After familiarity, they matched my parents' marriage. My parents also inherited this skill. At that time, my mother was responsible for the team in the team. What? I naturally have been influenced when I grew up in this environment, so I have a strong interest in Tong Yi. There is also a reason. When I was a kid, I often lived in my mother's house. I have inherited the elders' 开始 已经, and started to tour the villages to do this work. I ran around with my uncle, and became a little assistant, dyed their ears, and gradually mastered the basic skills of Xunyi. Later, I went to the country to learn art to make the skills mature and more improving. It can be said that I merged the director of the two surnames of my grandfather and grandfather, and I have some innovation and development in the inheritance. "

Hou Jianshan told me that his artistic art mainly has the following steps and characteristics, one is to clean up. After receiving a damaged utensil, we must first remove the dust and other miscellaneous objects on the residual films, so that the utensils to be repaired are not dyed. The second is the stubble. This step is called "Porcelain", which is more popular, to find faults. The third is to bind. Use cotton wire ropes to adopt various methods according to the form of utensils. The fourth is to punch. This is about to use diamond drill. According to the thickness of the utensils, drill well. Generally, two -thirds of the utensils can be drilled. Moreover, the holes of Diamond Drilling are round -like, with a small bottom of the mouth. To do this, when drilling, your hands, feet, and legs should be moved at the same time and coordinated. The fifth is to nail. I have used iron nails in the past. This kind of nail is cut with copper plates, or made of copper wire. The size is made according to the needs of the utensils. Sometimes there are missing parts of the utensils, which requires inlay. The sixth step is to wipe. Use homemade ingredients, eggs and lime cream, paste -like things. The purpose of the seam is to make it strong, leak -proof and beautiful. The last step is to test the water. Make sure there is no trace of leakage. The "big sea" after the repairs

Hou Jianshan said: "There is also a process that is to lack the tin supplement. This process is often used. The repair of the work has a unique charm."

After Hou Jianshan introduced the perfect art process, I asked him: "Which one is the most important thing?" He said: "Which link must be well mastered, this is also the accumulation of experience. . But the most important thing is the punching session. As the saying goes, "There is no diamond diamond, don't take porcelain living ', this is the most basic skill and the most difficult to master. It will cause irreparable losses. "

Now, customers across the country have connected to repair business through various methods. This is a very laborious and time -consuming work, and the repair of some objects can not be completed in three days and two days. He gave an example. In 2019, a client in Hebei Province took a very damaged "big sea" to repair it, and also made a special requirement. The internal nails cannot be seen outside. This is a great test for a person's art. Hou Jianshan said: "This work took almost 20 days. After the restoration was completed, it became a boutique of 锔 锔 and was highly evaluated by customers and experts."

(Supply: Gaomi City Cultural Tourism Bureau)

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