Yu Minhong talked about Xue Zhaofeng: To have a final thinking, learn to push upside down from the end

On August 14, 2022, Xue Zhaofeng, an economist and the author of "Xue Zhaofeng Economics", and Yu Minhong, founder of New Oriental, talked in Douyin. Discussion on topics such as essence and happiness.

I hope their thinking and discussion will inspire you.

Oral: Xue Zhaofeng: Economist, the author of "Xue Zhaofeng Economics Lecture"

Yu Minhong: The founder of New Oriental

About economics: Economics is concerned about chai oil and salt

Yu Minhong: In Qi Qi Speaking, you often use a fun and humorous economic perspective to interpret various things. As a serious scholar, what makes you willing to go to Qi Qi to say such entertainment programs?

Xue Zhaofeng: First of all, economics is concerned about chai oil and salt, which is life. In addition to the best economists in my mind, in addition to writing theory and teaching, daily economics is involved every day. The famous economist Friedman students once told me that Friedman spent 10 minutes discuss today's news before class every day. Therefore, economics has never been a high ivory tower. Economics is something in our daily life. It must be useful. I usually love to collect such problems.

There may be two types of economists: one economist is to teach economics and learn economics, he does not believe in economics, and will not apply economics principles to life; but there are some economists in addition Like me, I really believe in economics, because I can use it in life, so I learn economics.

So Friedman once said that there are two types of economists, one is a lot of music scores, but never heard music; the other is not much possible economics principles, but there is a lot mind.

Yu Minhong: Why do ordinary people learn economics?

Xue Zhaofeng: What is the use of learning physics? Some people do not know whether the earth is flat or round at the age of 100, which is not tight. But I think that the basic knowledge about this world is not this life. The same is true of economics, and many things have passed, but if you know how this world works, you will be very happy.

This is a world that cannot be reached by physics. Physical studies are the laws of no one's society. Economic research is the law of people's society. People are also objects, but people will respond. Therefore, in modern society, judge whether a person is smart, civilized, and whether he has received education. One is to see physics, the second is to see economics, to see if he has a tendon when making decisions. When making decisions Always consider other people's decisions.

Yu Minhong: That is to say, this is a process of mutual change, because the different decisions of others have led to different decisions.

Xue Zhaofeng: Yes, you always think of this when deciding. For example, there is a banknote on the roadside. According to the principle of physics, if there is no wind, earthquake or person, this banknotes should always be in place, but the principle of economics tells us that there will be people in the city that this banknotes are valuable, and this banknotes are valuable. Therefore, this banknotes will soon disappear.

Regarding life choices: cost is the biggest price for abandonment

Yu Minhong: In 1995, I received a full scholarship from American universities. I began to weigh the costs behind the two options of studying abroad and staying in New Oriental. In the end, I chose to stay and determined to do New Oriental. Just like the "cost is the biggest price of abandonment" in "Xue Zhaofeng Economics Lecture". Although I had never studied economics at the time, I felt that it would be much greater to give up the price of New Oriental to go abroad to go abroad and abandon school abroad to do New Oriental.

Xue Zhaofeng: This sentence is very important. With the more and more experience of life, you will feel that this sentence is too right.

Yu Minhong: So when I read this sentence in your book, I felt a sense of realization. We are thinking about what we should give up every day and what you choose. What kind of choice do you think a person should make? Do not regret it.

Xue Zhaofeng: Cost is the biggest price for abandonment. But because these costs have not occurred, you don't know what you have given up. Then at this time, the important point of making choices is your imagination. Do you see those opportunities because you believe it? So you can see when you have the ability? That's your knowledge. Observation is step by step. If you never see it, you can only see tangible things in your eyes. One pound of rice is a pound of rice. Because you have never seen it. Then you are likely to make the wrong choice. There is no way to avoid.

Yu Minhong: In other words, when a person finally chooses a more correct path for his life, he will actually pass countless wrong choices. In the process of this process, constantly growing your own knowledge, and slowly you will find that you finally make a choice that you are willing to devote yourself.

Xue Zhaofeng: Yes, in fact, we should all envy the young people today. Due to the development of technology and information technology, their per capita life span is longer, which makes their trial and error opportunities more and their choice opportunities are more.

Yu Minhong: For young people, when they enter the university to choose a major, do they really think about it? Some majors may be determined by parents. Is this choice that may form an error choice for their lives, so that he has given up too much? The second question is that when some choices become too frequent, is it itself no longer a choice? For example, there are a lot of young people jumping now. Is this a high choice for him?

Xue Zhaofeng: I think the cost of their choice is quite large. His resume is not good -looking. In the future, someone will go back and ask him why he left this job? Why did you choose a job again? You have to answer these. Experienced people can see many problems when they look at this resume.

Will the career given by their parents give them errors? Because most of them are wrong. To this day, the chance of professional counterparts can do a lifetime is almost zero, so is it right for the child to choose? Nothing is right. So what do we have to choose? What is the standard? Everyone often doesn't see clearly. Some people will change jobs because they pay more than 2,000 yuan or closer to home. They do not see the long line, so I emphasize that one thing is to see the dimension of time.

Because all the choices are not made in one day, we must look at the long -term. What is the job we want? Diploma, skills and habits, and even reputation and relationships, which one do you think is more important? These knowledge did not teach in the school, because the teacher is not worried about the people.

My good friend is also a colleague, Zhou Qiren, said that there are two kinds of people in the world. One is the salary of next month. ; Another kind of person is the salary of next month, and the income is unknown at all. Teacher Yu, you belong to this. Then if you find a job, should you care whether it is important for your degree or your ability, or is your habit important?

This is obviously more important to habits and abilities, and only one or two months you are looking for a job is important.

Regarding personal ability: the two major abilities that young people should have -learning ability and reliable

Yu Minhong: From the perspective of economics, what capabilities a person has, and will he become more valuable in the future?

Xue Zhaofeng: I think there are two points, one is learning ability, and the other is reliable.

Learning ability, first of all, see if this person has curiosity.

Can he pick up a thing to learn? Does he have the ability to think independently and independent judgment? Did you build a system yourself when you are studying and accept things in? This is an indicator of his intention, which is very important.

There are also research, why do some students learn well in the early days, but they are not well learned later? In fact, it is because he is smart, but he is false. He can remember what the teacher said, and the exam can pass the level, but he does not really love this thing, and he has no in -depth learning ability.

In the unit, you will see some people know this industry very well, have their own ideas, and like to think about it. This is also a learning ability.

If you want to study, be a lunatic, this ability is very important.

The other is reliable. I think the school basically does not teach people to "reliable", but most people in the workplace can finally make it because he is smooth or because of his cleverness, but because he has a stable output Essence

This stability includes emotional stability and character stability, and the stability of character, and the stability of some behavioral characteristics, which are easy to bring a sense of trust.

What is an important indicator of "high quality" in economics is not high, not low, but uniform.

I see a person who won't see how good he is to friends, but to see how he treats the enemy and how to treat strangers.

Don't look at his high place, but depend on his low place. He was so angry that he was so angry that he was almost out of control. What would he do.

Regarding personal interests: The most stable job in the world is a work that contributes to others

Yu Minhong: You said in a speech that the three most important words of people are rational, Yue Na, and forge ahead. Is it "reliable" with you now?

Xue Zhaofeng: approach. But what I said is rational, pleasant and aggressive. After finishing economics, I hope that your character and spirit can enter a state.

Because the part of the economics I particularly like is to talk about "things violate and wishes." Understanding "things violate and wishes", people will become rational.

There are bad people in the world to do bad things. This kind of thing is basically managed by public security organs, and there are good people in the world to do good things. This is basically praised by public welfare institutions. But there are many things in the world that do not belong to these two. Most of the economics pays attention to selfish people, and only pays attention to those who and their own small families.

There is a famous saying in Adam Smith. He said that the bread, wine and meat on our table did not come from the charity of the bakers, brewers and butcher, but from their concern to their own interests.

Therefore, most of the economics to explain is this kind of small interest in front of them, and then make great contributions to the public.

Yu Minhong: That is to say, a person pursues his own interests. There is nothing wrong with this matter in itself, as long as it does not hurt the interests of others.

Xue Zhaofeng: Yes, we say a bad guy, he was stupid in the end. Because his biggest problem is to hurt his interests, he just saw the interests in front of him and ignored the final result. So I said that "cost" in economics is a very important concept, and we have to learn repeatedly. There is another very important concept of "time". We are friends who do time and adhere to long -termism. Why? Because your long -term income is your real income, this is economics.

Adamsmi said we never said what I need during the transaction, but said what I can give others. Therefore, there is a saying in English called "if it pays, it stores.". If you contribute to others, you can live for a long time.

So I often say that the most stable job in the world is your work to contribute to others. The most stable supply in the world is the supply of money to make money.

In other words, when you work hard for the benefits of others. In fact, your personal interests have reached the best state, rest assured, you will not be bad.

About human capital: young people are just poor, not poor

Yu Minhong: You have said that you are poverty, not poverty now, not poverty. What is this concept?

Xue Zhaofeng: "Poverty" means low income and less cash. "Poor" means "doing" in Chinese dialects. At the end of the way, there is no hope or hope.

One of the most important reasons for young people's "poor" is because they are young, but young people must have hope. He has the ability, knowledge, youth, learning ability, and the courage to try. They are called "capital", and capital is a resource that can bring income.

Everyone is our own human capitalist. It takes time to exchange money, so we should not underestimate ourselves. How much is your capital value? According to the definition of economics, the resources of all durable products, its limit is equal to the reflection of the future income flow in the expectations, is that your lifelong income and all your opportunities are added to this day.

Yu Minhong: Can it be said that if a person is unable to replace his capital, including human capital to money, then you will really become poor.

Xue Zhaofeng: Yes, how can you turn his capital into income? Go out to match with other resources, learn to choose the place, platform of work, and people who work.

Regarding love and marriage: talk about easy love and work hard to do

Yu Minhong: Do you have a saying that "easy love and work that is difficult to do". What is the meaning behind this sentence?

Xue Zhaofeng: Many young people are reversed, looking for easy work, he is clear in work, he does not care about after class. Do n’t take advantage of others. If you work hard, no one will work hard. It is troublesome to know how difficult it is to be difficult to get in love.

Yu Minhong: What is easy to fall in love, do you fall in love at first sight? Without any demands of economic conditions, everyone feels that the personality is in line with each other, and we get married. Is this easy love?

Xue Zhaofeng: Forget it, it is to have a tacit understanding and love for each other. So I often say that when we are in love, we should not talk about love, we have to fall in love. If you often talk about the rules of love in the process of talking about two people, such love cannot.

Yu Minhong: For example, the woman asked the man to have money and color gifts before marriage, or even a house. Do you think this is normal?

Xue Zhaofeng: I think this is a brief requirement. Is there a car or a house in this boy, not looking at it today. He can make a car today, which is his parents' money. Does he have production capacity? Can he continue to produce? What you have to check is not the stock, but the traffic.

Yu Minhong: Is this a bit blind? Because the general boys have nothing when they are young, how do girls judge that boys will have a good chance in the future, in case of wrong judgment, so girls need to guarantee a little bit. I think this is also reasonable.

Xue Zhaofeng: If so, I think it should be given, at least half of the woman, or even more. Because the woman made an earlier investment, the man should give a little promise early. This should be available, and all the customs and habits also support this.

Why give a diamond ring? Diamond ring is a boy's income for three months to half a year. It is not a fixed number, it is adjusted according to your income. This is a mortgage, which is the evidence of mutual trust between people. You can take it out, and you don't take it out. This is wrong. This is the allocation of the stock we talk about.

There are more existences, everyone is different, but you have to make a marriage decision. It will always look at the long -term and see his traffic in the long run. You just look at this person's unreliable, what is usually worried about, seeing what he spent time is easy to do, or it is difficult to do.

The same is true for boys to see girls. Our economists say that marriage is of course a romantic thing, and he has a romantic side. But there are also business aspects. The essence of marriage is cooperation. It is not a one -time exchange.

Marriage is actually an enterprise, with investment and output. What is the investment? Facial, care, time, money. What is the output? The output is love, security, and children, which are all output. Then you depend on the production process, whether these production factors are complementary. Yu Minhong: Then I asked another question. After the two people became a family, they found that the other party was not the one they wanted, but they had already made a lot of effort, and this became my sinking cost. Should I resolutely choose my life resolutely, or is it to live and persist?

Xue Zhaofeng: I believe that the problem between the two people can be discovered soon. The sooner you know, the lower the cost you change. Therefore, I have a point of view that it is more picky before getting married, considering everything, the standards should be improved a little bit, and the awareness is better. This is good. Over time, the cost calculation is different. Once you get married, if you want to change it, the cost is very high.

About happiness path: transaction & re -combined resources

Xue Zhaofeng: Where did you come from today's happiness? Two main paths: one is a transaction. One is to re -combine resources.

There is no need to trade things. If there is nothing, just change what I have with you. The best example is to fall in love. There is nothing to increase in the world, and two people can produce huge happiness.

Why did he sell bread, because he felt that the value of the bread in his hand was not high enough, and he felt that the money on your hand was more important. Therefore, today's society has various methods to promote transactions, making various transactions possible, and happiness increases. This is a source.

The second very important source is the re -combination of resources and re -match. For example, chip, our happy life today is indispensable, the raw material of the chip is sand, and the chip can be said to be the crystallization of human civilization. It from science to technology to craftsmanship. Finally make a cheap chip. It is hard to imagine that I have experienced so many operations.

Yu Minhong: The wisdom of human beings is concentrated in the comprehensive integration of these resources, forming a product that has been upgraded tens of thousands of times, which can be used and brings happiness and convenience to humans.

Xue Zhaofeng: Economics has something to do with everyone. Some people think that economics is about GDP, about banks, and about stock speculation. In fact, even if you don't care, as long as you want to choose, as long as you plan to plan the future, as long as you want to deal with others, want to rely on others, and cooperate with others, but you will not be framed and restrained by others, then I am I feel that I should read the basic principles of economics, and you will have a deeper understanding.

Regarding life goals: there must be a final thinking, learn to push back from the end

Yu Minhong: If there is 500 yuan in a person's pocket, how can it be most valuable to his life? In other words, when a person has a certain resources, how should he use his own resources? Including time, energy, social relationship, money, to maximize benefits?

Xue Zhaofeng: I think there must be a final thinking. When the end of life, look back, how do you want to design life? Or what the ending you want, you need to start upside down from the end.

For me personally, I hope to have a copy -available product. It is said that this is the nature of an artist. The characteristics of the artist are to be able to create rationally and calmly, and after the work is completed, he has his life. Copy through again and again, causing the emotions of others to move others. I like to do such a thing. As long as I can do this accumulation, I will see that final, so I try to speak audio lessons and write books.

Yu Minhong: I think you are a relatively rational and final thinking person. But I can't be regarded as a person with ending thinking. My development journey is to walk. I stayed at Peking University for a stable life. Later, I was doing New Oriental to be able to have a little money. I suddenly remembered that I had a little feelings after I had money, so I started to bring New Oriental in the direction of feelings. Of course, I have not forgotten the business model. Later, the New Oriental was listed, and I slowly found that I was more and more socially responsible -if I wanted to gain my own benefit, I must be beneficial to society and others.

Later, I consciously hoped that I could do something for the prosperity of the motherland. So until now, I have started to have a little ending. This final thinking is what I think I should do all my life, such as spreading knowledge and providing positive energy. On this basis, whether through charity or other means, I can do something for the society, and I try to do it as much as possible. If my text or videos can bring happiness and inspiration to the people.

Now I have such a feeling. I am willing to spend time coming here to talk to you. This is not only an opportunity for me to have a chance for knowledge, but more importantly, at the same time, nearly 10 million people can enjoy you with us The thoughts and opinions brought to everyone, this is my idea. So I am not a person with ultimate thinking. Do you think this path is not bad than your inverted path and final thinking?

Xue Zhaofeng: I think our thinking is very similar, that is, we all think that knowledge is important. The difference between a person may cause great harm. So how can we promote good knowledge? If you are fortunate to create a little knowledge, otherwise you will spread a little knowledge. This is a very meaningful thing in life. Since I was a child, I felt that there was a big ideal, and I also knew more and more about why there was a big ideal. Because our daily life is too boring, too boring, too complicated, and too hard, we must have a big ideal in order to bring these things. When you do these things, you will not feel bitter and tired. Just as mothers have children to secrete hormones, so that the mother is particularly caring. It is necessary to have such hormones and the hard work of raising children. The big ideal is also this role for us.

Yu Minhong: If there is an ideal that he really believes and is willing to fight for it, it will bring an oxytocin secretion.

Xue Zhaofeng: Yes, you can cope with daily frustration and anxiety, because you know that he is for that goal, and the farther the goal is, the better he is.

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