"Not for goodness for goodness", how did the Confucianism in the Song Dynasty formed?

The great changes of Confucianism and medicine in the Song Dynasty

Confucianism is an integration of many layers of "scholars" and "medical skills" and "medical hobbies" in the Middle Ages. Psychological obstacles have brought about the great changes in the medical class and even medicine.

The emergence of the Confucian class in the Song Dynasty was the continuation and sublimation of the "Shangyi" behavior of the scholars in the late Tang Dynasty, and the manifestation of this behavior was the exchange of medical text between scholars. The scholars discussed medical sciences in a way to exchange the "faithful" and further shaped the "higher" medical seminar model based on text. Reading and inheriting medical texts, originally the ideal of the doctor, the highest -end method of many medical knowledge teaching methods. The Tang Sihong Sun Siyi "Preparation of Qian Qian Gold Pharmaceuticals" expressed his original intention as follows: "Yu Burmese finds saints and teach, and desires to desire Make every family from studying, and everyone knows themselves. Those who have a disease cannot heal, they are not loyal and filial piety! Vulgar villains, more deceitfulness, leaning on the Holy religion and being bullied, so that the chairman and the field are salty and shameful medical skills In the name of, he teaches his children to recite short essays and builds a small strategy to seek the way of origin. "He hopes that through the writing of" Qian Jin Fang ", he will change the intellectuals to only learn the style of science and literary books in order to see everyone in seeking medical skills.

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In the circulation of medical knowledge in the Middle Ages, self -study, family studies, and teachers and apprentices are all important channels. This vocabulary is summarized. The "knowledge person" here is actually very general. As long as a person can read in addition to reading, and then have the ability to understand the traditional Chinese medical knowledge and speculation system, probably Incorporate this category. " However, there is no doubt that at least in the cognition of "knowledge people", the ability to have reading books and interpretation books is the necessary condition for a doctor to stand up. Dao Fang, Uncle Yi, the East of the World. The father said that it is a virtue, there are hidden exercises, the five elements and three styles, the Xingli Dan scriptures of the magic Aoyan, from the Fang Foreign guest to visit Liang Song, then the family Xiangling. In the fifteenth year of the uncle, he didn't think he was poverty, then he dropped his poems and studied as a doctor. He took the old smell of Fangshu since God and Emperor Emperor, and read it day and night. Treatment of human illness is often healed, and I am self -confidence ... Yi Shu Fei has the borrowing of the world, the special ancient law is used to rule the people, and Zhang Zhongjing and the grandson. Laughing, I have seen the Boat of the Board Variety Group. The medicines are the original. They are not delusional, and they are awe -inspiring. Those who pass the doctor must see it. "In Xu Han's statement, the reason why Song Yizhuo Zhuo Ran Yu Ran Yu Ran was" discussed the Boshu Board Book, and the medicines of the medicines were original ", so that the vulgar doctors were convinced and the" gentleman gentlemen was gentleman The doctor "all the same.

Similar to the situation in ancient Europe, in the Song Dynasty, the so -called "surgery" and dental treatment were generally regarded as reckless husbands. Therefore, whether you can read books and be well -known is an important criterion for measuring the level of medicalists, at least in the classics written by intellectuals.

Features of Confucianism

The key to "Confucianism" lies in Confucianism. As we all know, the emergence of Confucianism in the Song Dynasty is closely related to the increase in the knowledge level of the Song Dynasty and the increase in the increase of the imperial examinations. The standards of such people can be called "Confucianism" at the time. In the eyes of people, Confucianism is a clever doctor, and its status has also improved because of "Confucianism". Moreover, the rise of Confucianism is always accompanied by a slogan, that is, the "unscrupulous doctor is good doctor" recorded by Fan Zhongyan, which is recorded by Fan Zhongyan. The combination of the ideal of governing the country "enables Confucianists to get rid of the psychological shame and be relieved in Qihuang.

Zhu Pingyi's "Medical History and Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties" includes: "Song Dynasty was descended. With the popularity of printing, medical knowledge spread with text, which was unstoppable. The phenomenon of gradually being excluded. "But this is a double -edged sword:" 'Confucianism' Ruyi is a doctor of medicine to study medical texts, or claims to master the essence of medical classics. Other medical traditions that do not rely on text. In the case of commercial publishing compared with the previous generation, 'Confucianism' cannot monopolize text knowledge, and other medicalists and literati can also master text knowledge and call themselves Confucianism. The ability of medical classics is higher than that of the doctor, and he fights against the doctor with his own text knowledge. As a result, text knowledge has become a double -sided blade. On the one hand, Confucianism can isolate other doctors, but also allows literati and bachelor to penetrate the boundary and challenge them. Authoritative, Confucianism cannot rule out other medical people and monopolize the medical market; there is no standard in society that can confirm the identity of Confucianists. " Text can get the recognition of Confucianism. "At that time, the doctor wrote and spread medical books based on his own knowledge and experience, as well as the knowledge and experience of teachers and apprentices. Medical knowledge was a kind of capital, and Confucianism tended to treat medical books as an exclusive or exclusive inheritance method. . "The spread of ancient medical skills is a variety of, complicated and complicated, and it must not be generalized. At present, the academic circles attach importance to the so -called" text "to some extent have been affected by the right to discourse. The writers, audiences, and inheritors in history will of course emphasize the importance of text, and will gradually highlight the historical memory with the advantages of the inherent advantages of text in the passage of time, but the expression of this right to speak is not a matter of mind. It will eventually affect the historical outlook and values ​​of later generations. In historical memory, other models like big waves, highlighting themselves, making future generations -especially the era of highly advocating culture like Song Dynasty -more agreed with the text built by texts Values ​​have made "text" a symbol of measurement of medical levels and conveying knowledge. Further development has become a symbol of the entire medicine. Not only medicine, there are similar phenomena in many areas of knowledge. (Original title: "Not for goodness for goodness is a good doctor" -the cause and consequences formed by Confucianism in the Song Dynasty)