Su Dongpo's "living method" shows the background of Chinese culture?|

Su Dongpo not only penetrates the "living method"

Poetry, literature, words, paintings, calligraphy and even food

It will also say the "living law" naturally and vividly

Practice in the pleasure of his "one smoke and rain and Ren Ping Life"

China News Agency reporter: He Yingqing

Number of full text: 2479

Estimated reading time: 8 minutes

The great poets, writers, and painters in the five thousand years of Chinese civilization were born in the 5,000 years of civilization, but the only one mentioned by Su Dongpo, the Chinese always "smiled." In Lin Yutang's pen, Su Dongpo is a hard -to -change Lotte, a compassionate moral family, a good friend of the people of Li Min, a prose writer, a new painter, a great calligrapher, an experiment in the winemaking The practitioner is the secretary of the engineer, Buddhist, doctor, and emperor ...

The Lotte Pie of the Lightwind Moon and Kuangu Wizards has never written the word "living law" in his life, but why can he become a collection of "living law"? What kind of "living" of Su Dongpo's "living method" reflects the background of Chinese culture? Recently, Zeng Ming, vice chairman of the Chinese National Society and a professor at Southwest University for Nationalities, accepted an exclusive interview with the China News Agency "East and West" to interpret it.

Abstracts are currently recorded as follows:

China News Agency reporter: "Living Law" is an important theoretical topic in Chinese classical poetry. From the perspective of academic history, when does the poetic "living law" originated from?

Zeng Ming: The evolution of Chinese poetry is a process that is unconventional, rules and revisions, and the tree tradition continues to break through the tradition. If the "living method" of poetics is left, Chinese poetry will not have the development of the "Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci", from Tang poetry to Song poetry Yuanqu.

In ancient China, the poetic "living method" with the essence of "general changes" and the goal of "Ci Da" originated from the pre -Qin Dynasty and originated from Zhao Song. The origin of the "living law", almost the same ancient and modern times, thought that it was first proposed by Lu Benzhong, who was on the turn of the Song Dynasty.

However, the "Living Law" is not a theory of Lv Benzhong. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, some scholars have discussed Lu Benzhong's academic origin, such as "the biography of the Central Plains literature, independent of the Lu family, and the rest of the great Confucianism." Case "Volume 36" Ziwei Study Case "). Does Lu Benzhong's "living law" also have to be in the "Central Plains"? We believe that the "living law" in Lu Ben said that both the name and connotation are from Hu Su in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Hu Su's "Wen Gong Ji" Volume 5 "and the predecessor" poems: "There are no more sons in the poem, and there are many people in the eyes." The "living law" in the poem expresses the Hu Su pair At that time, the strong dissatisfaction of the poetic creative and critics, which proposed the "living method" in the "living law" in the past few decades. Coincidentally, Huang Tingjian after Hu Su also used the proportion of poetry of weaving brocade. There are many reasons for the emergence of Hu Su's "living law". There are inheritance and development of the ideas of the six dynasties, including Xie Yan and Shen Yue, and complement the Tang Dynasty, the middle and late Tang, Li Bai, Du Fu and other complementary results. At the same time, they also The enlightenment of the dogmatics of Buddhism and the Zen "Dan Dan Sentence, Mo Shen's Death Sentence" and other dogmatics include the absorption of the insights of the literati of the same era.

Reporter of China News Agency: Why does Su Dongpo become the most important part of development in the "living law" of poetics?

Zeng Ming: After the Song of the Song Dynasty, it was really difficult to open up. Although Su Dongpo's poems were concentrated, although the word "living law" was not found. We only saw the word "law living" in the "Dongpo Zhilin" volume, but this did not hinder him to put forward the "living law" saying Expansion to the extreme and apply to the extreme. Just as Hui Hong judges Dongpo and other "use things" cloud: "Wonderful use of words, do not say its names" ("Leng Zhai Night Talk" Volume 4, "Siku Quanshu").

In April 2016, the "Recitation of Classics, Etiquette, and Worship of the Three Su" was held in the Sansu Temple of Meishan, Sichuan. China News Agency posted Zhang Zhong Ping Photo

In ancient China, the literati couldn't get through the poems, words, literatures, books, and paintings. It may be as the discussion in Cao Yu's "Theory of Classics · Paper": "Text and non -integrated, fresh can prepare good", as well as Song Deng Suyun "ancient prose and poetry law, second -hand squares are not both compatible."

If we look at ancient and modern, we will notice that various styles are often complementary and unified. Such as Yangxiong is like "Fang", Sima Xiang is like "round"; Du Fu looks like "Fang", Li Bai is like "round"; Han Yu is like "Fang", Liu Zongyuan is like "round"; Unable to be beautiful, even if the composition is mostly in the text, the text is like their poems, so they are called poets.

Su Dongpo is the opposite. He tried to try on the opening of the poems and essays, and used some new or old body to make the new body more mature through the practice of poetry, poetry, and essays. Don't start a lifetime. Fang Yuan is complementary, intended to be outside the law. This is the real marrow of the "living law" of poetics.

"Chibi Fu" before and after Su Dongpo is the masterpiece of "with Fu" -fu as rhyme, and the whole article of "Hou Chibi Fu" is almost rhyme; The beautiful text is almost the same as the prose. Such a Fu was evaluated by "a lot of eternal" at the time.

On January 9, 2015, the Crazy Calligraphy exhibited by the Chinese Art Museum: "Former Red Cliff Fu" attracted visitors. Photo by Liu Xianguo from China News Agency

The theory of "Living Law" has laid the theoretical foundation for the transition of Chinese poetry from "Tang Yin" to "Song Tune". And Su Dongpo's a few literary claims, such as "Eight Sides" and "Pushing by reason", "projectiles" and "rabbit rising", "unintentional text" and "do what they do", "with things to give things with things," with things. The shape "and" Xingyun flowing water "," poetry "and" essays "," looking at me "and" self -proclaimed ", etc., all of them are the best practice to" living law ".

Reporter of China News Agency: How to reflect from the "living method" of poetry to Su Dongpo's life "living law"? What kind of "living" is Su Dongpo's "living method"? Su Dongpo's "living method" shows the background of Chinese culture?

Zeng Ming: If the "living method" is limited to the narrow sense of literary theory, this is unavoidable to misunderstand the "living law". One of the important reasons for the reason why the Song Dynasty could become the "world -building world" of Huaxia culture is that this is almost the era of a living law, time -speaking, and things. In the "Pingyuan Continuation Draft", there is a saying in "Chengzhai's Law".

Today, for the "living law", I feel that it should be re -examined under a wider space and a larger traditional cultural pattern. The "living" of "living law" has both the meaning of "flexibility" and can also be interpreted by "surviving". The concept of its concept largely reflects the essence of dialectics -a "living" word, or a "change of change" "Character. However, its "living" and "change" varies from place to place due to the cause. "Learning ancients is not mud, breaking the law is not contrary to the law." It is a precise expression of Chinese cultural wisdom. Traditional and modern, old trees and new flowers, how to "live" because of "live" is a long -lasting proposition in the history of human culture.

There is a saying in Sichuan: "Why not be happy in life, only because of unreasonable Su Dongpo." Su Dongpo not only penetrates the "living method" in poetry, literature, words, paintings, calligraphy, and even food, but also the "living method" is natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, natural, naturally, naturally, it was natural. Practicing the full practice in the pleasure of his "Yiyan Rain Ren Ping Life".

For example, people are familiar, "Ask Ru's life, Huangzhou Huizhou Lizhou", in fact, these three states are exactly when Su Dongpo is the most frustrated, but he calls it "meritorious industry" openly. Self -confidence and Da Guan are also the "living methods" of "the living method" of "the tide is wide on both sides of the strait, and the wind is hanging" when facing adversity.

The statue of Su Dongpo in Sansu Temple in Meishan City, Sichuan Province. China News Agency posted Zhang Zhong Ping Photo

Su Dongpo's life was reached in poetry, and he reached the "rationality", "truth of things" and "seeing things" in his life. "Love" is the most different part of him from other scientists.

When we cross the heavy curtain of the years, it is not difficult to find that Su Dongpo has left too many cultural treasures throughout his life, especially his "living law" with temperature poems.These are not the arrangement of text, but the flowing years of life.This may be the reason why Su Dongpo has become the background of Chinese culture from the Song Dynasty.If we want to further question, what kind of "living" of Su Dongpo's "living method"?That is: people -oriented, love -oriented, rather than reason, and the law -oriented."Love" lives and "reason" is created by "human".Therefore, the law and reason are the "death method"; people and love -oriented are the "living law".

Introduction to the interviewee:

Photo by Zhang Lang, a reporter from China News Agency

Text Editor: Xu Xueying

Image editor: Man Huiqiao

- END -