The secret of the collection industry: Why is the value of the Song engraved imported from gold?

At a auction on December 2, 2020, the three volumes of Wang Anshi's collection of Wang Anshi, Song Longshu's "Wang Wen's Graduate Collection" and "Song Renjian" published in the Song Dynasty were sold for 2633.5 million yuan. Essence

In fact, the value of Song Ke, which has appeared in contemporary times, is high. As early as the Ming Dynasty, Song Ke was already the price of a pose of a thousand dollars, and it was said to be "vice". During the Republic of China, Zhu Wenjun, a collector of the Republic of China, actually sold the "Yunshan Map" of the two calligraphy and painting works of Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming in order to collect the "Quan Quan Ming" of the Song Dynasty.

Today, the Songkee Ben is auctioned by pages, which shows its value. So, why is Song Ke's value in the book industry?

The Songkee Book that China can collect currently

The total amount does not exceed 1200 units

The real publishing industry began to be about the Sui and Tang dynasties. At that time, it was only a small amount of printing, mainly publishing the Buddhist scriptures. In terms of paper, content, printing, and communication, they all belong to the initial stage, so the circulating versions can almost ignore it.

The carving and printing skills are mature, and the real publication of books is in the Song Dynasty. There are three types of paper in the Song version of the book: hemp paper, bamboo paper, leather paper, the most common of which is bamboo paper. In the Jin Dynasty, a large number of papermaking has been started, and papermaking is more sophisticated in the Song Dynasty. Su Dongpo said in "Dongpo Zhilin": "Today, people use bamboo as paper, and there are no ancients." It can be seen that the papermaking in the Song Dynasty mainly used bamboo, which is why most of the Song carved books came from Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Fujian in Fujian. Essence There was once saying "Fujian's Bands several times".

The disadvantage of bamboo paper is that the production process is complicated, and it must be completed through a dozen processes in the middle. The advantage is that the production is fast, which has spawned the number of carved books. One of the huge losses.

In addition to bamboo paper in the Song Dynasty, there is also a kind of "pepper paper". Pepper paper dye paper with pepper. This kind of paper is not afraid of insects, so the Song engraved books are now reserved, and there are many pepper paper.

Time, thousands of years of time, there are many uncontrollable factors such as war, natural disasters, and human disasters. Gradually lost. Things are rare and expensive, and if you are fortunate to be passed down, it becomes good, treasure, and even lonely.

According to the latest "Bibliography of Chinese Ancient Books", there are about 3,500 Songs of Songs, of which most of them have flowed overseas and are collected all over the world. At present, the Song Dynasty engraved books that China can collect is no more than 1,200. For each of them, it will almost be designated as a national first -class cultural relic.

At that time, the engraving of the Song Dynasty was just ordinary books, so both the upper and the people were stored. Many folk carved books were not protected. After a long years, it was already a remnant, even a few pages when it appeared in the contemporary times.

In the process of gradually disappearing, the five volumes of the five volumes of the "Jinjiang Collection" carved by Shu in the Song Dynasty were lost.

In the auction market in recent years, all the residual pages have appeared in the auction market. Song Keben has been damaged here. Those who stayed in it have become precious collectibles and pages of hard -seeking treasures.

Superior content

Make outstanding contributions to promoting the Song Dynasty poetry and culture

Books in culture and literature in the Song Dynasty have been vigorously developed, and the level of national culture has risen rapidly. Later, the "Three -character Classic" and "Baijia Surnames", which became a national textbook, all came from the Song Dynasty.

In the era of no books, people cannot contact culture and knowledge, and literacy is useless. However, in the Song Dynasty, the amount of circulation was huge, and the easy to read books and books to read books greatly enhanced the level of literacy at the bottom. The culture of the Song Dynasty was prosperous. Essence

The publishing of Songkenshi not only printed Song poetry and Song poetry, but also organized and published the works of many great poets in the Tang Dynasty. Although many poets in the Tang Dynasty are famous, they are all passive. The works are extremely rare. After the poets are old or after they go, they gradually fade out of people's vision. Some of the great poets are restricted by conditions. Big fame, such as Du Fu.

Song Zhenzong and Renzong were engraved with the books, and the book club was lined. Some people began to engrave Du Shi. Du Shi appeared on the market. "Du Shi Detailed Note" wrote: "During the reign of Renzong Jiayou, Wang Qi guarded Wu Jun and carved the twenty volumes of" Du Gongju Collection "in Gusu, printed 10,000 copies, and" the world competes to buy '. "

Zhang Gaojie wrote in "Du Ji Published and Song Shizong's Wind". There are 129 types of Du Shi published in the Song Dynasty, which are more than 1240 volumes, which greatly increases Du Fu's popularity. Even Du Fu's life research, the editing and the revision of the chronicle was formed in the Song Dynasty. Under the promotion and dissemination of the engraving, Du Fu established the position of Poetry Saint and became an insurmountable peak in the history of poetry. Without the vigorous implementation of Song Keen, many poems of Du Fu may be submerged in the dust of history. Loss?

In addition to Du Fu, the Song Dynasty Huang Tingjian, Chen Shidao and other poems have gathered and carved books. The students are engraved as a way, or they are enlightened from Du Fu's poems, or followed by Huang Tingjian's style. Later, Yang Wanli threatened to follow Huang Tingjian. Lu Youshi was neat and neat, and he also followed Du Shi's rigor.

Publishing prosperity, it is very easy to be done into business, and business is more convenient to flow culture to the market and the bottom.

At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou writers changed from Shizi Poetry to the poetry collection of poets, and then pushed poems from elegant levels to the public. More people could print their own poems and publish them to the market. Although the original intention is business, it has expanded the influence of literature and poetry. The level of literature, the public aesthetics, and poetry and culture of the two Song Dynasty have become peaks of the dynasties. The culture of the Song Dynasty was widely spread. The aesthetics and ideas of the whole people had a certain height. It was the result of the development of the publishing industry in the Song Dynasty.

The beauty of calligraphy, strict survey

No dynasty can

The most precious thing about Song Ke is that it pushed the beauty of books to a height of excellence.

Song Keeben (868 engraved) "Diamond Sutra", which is collected in the British Library, is a beautiful calligraphy work. The writing is smooth, the pen is decided, and the pen is simply. There is no carving stereotype at all. It can be seen that Song engraving is not only the calligrapher, but also the sculptor is also a peerless master. Because the sculpture and writing are different, the sculpture always leaves rigid traces, but Song is so beautiful. It was displayed together, so that the viewers saw that the text was like a spring breeze.

One of the major features of the Song carved book must not be perfunctory. It is necessary to engraved a book from the perspective of the beauty of calligraphy.

my country's calligraphy is also a peak in the Song Dynasty. Almost all literati can write a good word. From the perspective of the Song engraved calligraphy in the world, the fonts are beautiful and blooming. There are rigorous and neat European style, showing a well -known Yu body, a strong body, and a thin willow body ... These calligraphy works of Chan Ruosuo are perfectly presented by engraving, which has achieved the extreme Aesthetics. Coupled with the admiration culture of the Song Dynasty, the pen and ink are all excellent, and the writing ink is very good. Each word is like art.

The typesetting method of Song Ke is also different from later generations. The typesetting focuses on the aesthetics. Between the words and the words, the lines and lines are strictly calculated. Now the version circulating is generally seven or eight lines per page. It is never greedy. Each page is like a classical painting, and reading is also a beautiful enjoyment.

Song Kee uses the best material, find the best calligrapher to write, the most clever sculptor engraving, and decorate the typesetting in the most beautiful way. The most important point of Song engraving is that it is not allowed to make an error.

Each Song carved book has passed through more than a dozen experts to survey, and there will be no errors. The inscriptions are published, and the name of the expert must be published. The important engraving, the emperor had to ask himself, and finally collated, very rigorous.

Therefore, a casual copy of the Song Dynasty is an important and real information about the study of the Song Dynasty in the later generations. This is also one of the reasons why modern scholars have obtained the treasure of the Songkee Ben. As long as the information in the Songkenshi is incorrect, then it proves that the book is wrong and the Song engraved book should be modified.

In the 1980s, the State Council established the Editorial Bureau of the Chinese Tibetan Scriptures for the establishment of the ancient books. It is also based on the "Zhaocheng Golden Tibetan", which retains Song Shu's "Treasure" as the blueprint. The "Chinese Tibetan Scriptures" is an important national cultural heritage. After collation, it has also produced huge influence internationally.

Sun Congtian, a librarian in the Qing Dynasty, said: "The northern and northern Song Dynasty was engraved, the ink was fragrant, the paper was moist, and the exhibition was amazing."

Rare existence, excellent production, calligraphy of calligraphy, superior sculpture, rigorous writing, and rigorous collation. All of this is difficult to copy, which has achieved the value of Song engraving.

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