In the era of reading | After the epidemic, where is the globalization?——The global classic classic "Globalization of Imagination" Simplified Chinese version appeared

From the former global villages, to today's anti -globalization, de -globalization, and anti -globalization voices, what about globalization, what else is not discussed and analyzed, or is it worth looking forward to? As a classic theory of global research, "Globalization of Imagination" aims to discuss: in the face of a globalization, it is full of hope for some people, and for others, it means the future of the end. Do something?

The uniqueness and importance of "Globalization of Imagination" lies in: First, based on Latin America thinking about globalization and eliminating Western narrative centers. The introduction of this book will undoubtedly bring a foreign "surprise" from Latin America who was familiar with the theory of Western globalization, allowing us to listen to a richer and diverse global voice. Second, highlight the role of culture and art, and build a poetic perspective that understands the global imagination. Faced with the concept of globalization that is difficult to grasp and blurred, Garcia Campacini believes that metaphor and narrative help us to jump out of our own cognitive framework for imagination. The narrative and metaphors formed with deficiencies, the narratives and metaphors that make up for numbers and predictions, and narratives and metaphors emerging in stories about immigration and exile. Third, emphasize the initiative of individuals and groups, and propose weak groups may also use unstoppable globalization trends. Garcia Callen believes that only the subjects do not give up their imagination of art in the cultural industry, accept the diversification of politics and society in economic exchanges, and start a new situation in the cultural movement. Become a colorful process that benefit different groups.

"Globalization of Imagination"

[Argentina] Narstor Garcia Calibini

Translated by Chen Jinmei

Nanjing University Press Publishing

>> Selected reading in the text:

Culture and politics in global imagination

Occasionally, people find some texts that are very reasonable in some scholars who are not really wanting to quote. A few months ago, I read such a story described by Philip Sollers: "Tyrant claims: Two plus two is equal to six. Another slightly mild tyrant said: Two plus two equals five. The brave subjects risked all kinds of risks, reminding people that two plus two equal to four o'clock, and the police came to warn him: "You are definitely unwilling to return to the era of two plus two equals six! '" "

Politicians commented that everyone must not be willing to return to the era of autocracy and guerrilla war again. Economists also reminded that everyone does not want to live a bitter day to suffer from malignant inflation. At the same time, we do not know how many countries seeking for globalization will cause a new chaos to the world order. The United States co -organized Europe to deal with Japan and China. The United States also joined forces with Latin America to prevent the European exclusive Latin American market. At the same time Such as foreign investment in the United States, Europe and even Asia.

With the support of several Latin American governments, the United States is trying to promote the establishment of the American Free Trade Zone (Spanish for short) in 2005. The Fifteen EU countries have also been meeting with Mexico, a member of the Southern Common Market, and discussed with other Latin American countries in June 1999 to study the possibility of reaching a free trade agreement with some Latin American countries before 2001. The discussion of this agreement was strongly opposed by France because it regarded Latin America as a strong competitor in the agricultural product market. From time to time, the United States has sued Mexico and European countries to implement dumping and protectionism. Within the co -market in the south, the lack of various opinions and trust have made the signing agreements be implemented difficult. Is it a free trade or a regional one? Is it a new form of affiliation, confrontation, or regional union? Can people calmly cope with these things that have been set today, can they make the most favorable decisions for themselves not to consider the relationship between different cultures? The old stories between the dead heads and the prejudice vision of things make the above -mentioned dialogue cooperation only stay in imagination and it is difficult to come true in the future.

Many of the above agreements are difficult to land into specific numbers, because our accounts are bad. In the past two decades, the foreign debt of Latin American countries has been four or even six times. For countries like Argentina and Mexico, carrying 120 billion to 160 billion US dollars of debt, the annual repayment of debt repayment interest will cost half or more domestic GDP. The US debt in the United States is three times higher than the above amount, so that it cannot be repaid. Who will compare the huge number of numbers published in the newspaper with your daily life? Although the above figures are extremely exaggerated, the conflict caused by it is so difficult to resolve, so that it is limited to our imagination, but thinking about politics is indeed an imagination.

Strangely, the mutual struggle between everyone is called globalization. In the process, the factory closed down, employment opportunities decreased sharply, large -scale immigration tide increased, and there were constant conflicts between ethnic groups and regional disputes. Essence What attracts people's attention is that entrepreneurs and politicians understand this globalization as a cohesion of the future of human beings to be more united, and many reviews of global review interpret this painful transformation as eventually leading us to homogeneity. The process.

Although the results of globalization are difficult to determine, the unity of the global market is still known as the only model that can be considered. Those who imply that the world can still have other ways to operate are reprimanded as nostalgic nationalists. If someone is more bold and dares to question the benefits brought by globalization, and also suspect trade liberalization as the only way to achieve globalization, then it will be accused of starting to remember the old day. Since any rational person does not believe that it is possible to return to the past, the conclusion is that capitalism is the only feasible model for people to communicate and influence each other. It is inevitable that the highest stage is globalization. This book aims to discuss: Facing such a hope for some people, and for others, what do our cultural workers do for the future of the end? In other words, what are the problems with the market? What problems did the border between the country ask globalization? This involves reintegrating how to engage in art, culture, and dissemination at this stage. For example, when analyzing the reorganization of relations between Europe, the United States, and Latin America, we can understand the process of globalization from a cultural perspective, and adopt the behavior of those who simply regard globalization as economic exchanges. Essence

The first thing to explain is that culture is not only a field that believes in two plus two equals. Culture is also a non -clear position to imagine how to deal with a large number of fuzzy things. Their accumulation potential and expression of expression still treats us to reveal it. There are some production knowledge in the culture. In the name of knowledge, people can firmly determine that the second plus two and two should be equal to four in the face of political or church power. Knowledge enables people to understand "true" objectively, develop communication technologies covering global, calculate the consumption situation of the cultural industry, and design media dissemination projects to enrich public knowledge and form social consensus. Another part of culture has developed since entering modernization, developing with the disorder or excessive dissatisfaction with the world, that is, culture is also committed to changes and innovation.

These two ways of understanding of culture are distinguished from the on the one hand, and on the one hand, they distinguish between the development of social science and technology, and on the other hand, they treat humanistic research and artistic creation. How to compare it, and in the era of globalization, it has become a new task. In order to understand what can be understood and mastered, and what significance it is to change and create, scientists and artists must not only negotiate with the sponsor, politicians or different institutions. Power. Everyone says that compared with the age of economy, communication and art activities only within a country, the institutional structure, organizations of various scale, various material products and cultural markets that the globalization process depends on And control. This is really David who knows where Gosalia is.

In order to understand the complexity of this, people of our group of research culture, cultural circulation and cultural consumption are more and more concerned about those hard data and "objective" socio -economic activities. These activities dominate science and art with new rules The market and our daily life. However, due to globalization that shows vague and difficult to control, people who handle global affairs also need to use narrative and metaphorical methods to describe it from time to time. Therefore, from the perspective of cultural social anthropology, it is necessary to analyze statistics and conceptual texts, but also analyze the narratives and images that can reflect the concept of globalization. In addition, the difficult and danger experienced by difficult immigrants across the border and leaving home, telling people about the tear and differentiation of globalization. As a result, many fiction and metaphors have emerged in stories about immigration and exile.

Another similar uncertain factors have changed the idea of ​​other social subjects that are usually not interested in cultural issues. After the heyday of globalization in the 1980s, the space that state institutions can control in the social and economic fields have decreased. Political professionals who work hard for these institutions do not understand what their work is suffering. Think about what aspects should be started. The rapid transformation of the manufacturing economy to the speculative economy has caused entrepreneurs to be confused, and they also have similar doubts. Some people call on the establishment of a new culture of work, consumption, investment, publicity and media management. The impression that this call is caused by it is that people finally think of culture as an emergency means, as if the slogan of "building a new culture" can reorganize the economy like magic and make up for the loopholes in operation and investment. That is a problem that has failed to solve the media and consumption levels.

The construction of a culture that adapts to the global wave can also be understood as a need to mediate conflict between different imaginations. We see that each group's imagination of the meaning of globalization is different: the "globalization" in the eyes of a multinational company manager mainly refers to its company's operations, business development, and industry competition. For the government staff of the Latin American countries, "globalization" is almost the synonymous word of "Americanization"; in the discourse system of the common market in the southern southern, "globalization" also includes European countries, sometimes it can refer to refers to Some new interactive relationships between countries within the common market. From the perspective of a family who has relatives in the Mexico or Colombia, "globalization" refers to the close relationship between them and a certain area where their relatives are, which is different from some of the artists in Mexico or Colombia for globalization, such as the famous famous Artists Salma Hayek and Carlos Bivis, their audiences are all over the United States. Strictly speaking, only some politicians, financialists, and scholars think from the perspective of the whole world. They think about a ring -shaped globalization, and they are not the majority in the industry. The globalization of most people conceive is cut into linear. Different people think that the idea of ​​global concepts is wide and narrow, reflecting that people are not equal to the opportunities for the so -called global economy and culture. And this unevenness allows us to realize that globalization is but not as promising. Many global people are not more than pretending to implement globalization.

However, even the poor and social marginal groups cannot avoid the wave of globalization. When Latin American immigrants come to northern Mexico or south of the United States, they will find that companies hiring them are either South Korean companies or Japanese companies. In addition, there are many people who deviate from their home country so extreme because "globalization" has caused them to lose rice bowls in Peru, Colombia or Central America; or because of the influence of globalization, plus the miserable local situation in the local area, they have survived before. Society has become extremely unsafe.

An American filmmaker who worked in Hollywood -American Dream, who learned that Universal Studios has been acquired by Japanese capital, his understanding of his country's world status has begun to change. In the past, people have always believed that Western represents modern and East means tradition. Today's development in Japan surpasses the United States and other Western regions, and people have to think about whether David Moli mentioned that "the world should follow from right to left, and "Morley Chen, 1996: 328) from left to right.

I highlight the immigration process and the immigration group in the book, to understand the flow of capital, wealth and information, and the differences between different lifestyles and expression forms. When thinking global, it is necessary to experience dizziness and hesitation, which prompts different countries to strengthen protection through the establishment of regional alliances. At the same time, it delineates the scope of the market, society and their imagination. For each of them, the scope of the above definition has become a globalization they can withstand and cope. What is still arguing is whether a new barrier should be set up to streamlist investment, or respond to issues such as too fast or squeezing threats to different ethnic, regional and various groups. So, can the integration beyond the country made a difference in this regard? The answer is that although the EU began in the early 1990s, and then discussed these issues in the "North American Free Trade Agreement" framework and the Southern Common Market, the connection between globalization, regional integration and multiculturalism It is becoming the focus of research issues and many negotiations. ——In Introduction "Introduction"

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Author: [Argentina] Narstor Garcia Calibini

Edit: Jiang Chuting

Editor in charge: Zhu Zilong

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