The days of the ancients | Liqiu cicadas: standing high voice, not borrowing autumn wind

Zhu Xia is exhausted, and the cold blows to welcome the autumn.

Tianhan Chengqiao, Xing'e will be the jade tower.

Outside the cold sound, Bai Lulin's head.

Yiye was shocked, how to worry about it.

—— 【Tang】 Yuanzhang "July July"

"One waiting for the cool breeze; the two -waiting white dew; the three -waiting cold cicada", the autumn and three waiting, this Tang poem is written. But these three times can't be seen in a short time. The season is still within the three volts, the summer heat is not disappeared, the cool wind is not, and the wind direction has not changed. After a while of "torture" of "Autumn Tiger", people will feel a little comfortable.

The "cold sound of the cold" in the poem talks about cold cicadas. The ancients were very concerned about the changes in the waiting. The genus of the fruits, flowers, flowers, and insects and birds and beasts were mostly used as symbols of changing orders, and cold cicadas were one of them. Cicada, a cicada, is also called cold and cold, smaller than ordinary cicadas, blue and red. Cao Zhi's "Gift Bai Ma Wang Biao": The autumn wind is slightly cool, and the cold cicada shakes my side. Li Shan Note: Cai Yan's "Moon Ling Chapters" said: The cold cicada should be yin, and the sound is cool, so it is called the cold cicada.

In summer, the earliest call should be a cicada called 蜩. The Book of Songs said "May". By July and August, the black cicada was deafening. And as long as there is a cicada shouting, the nearby cicada will respond uniformly.

And cold cicadas will speak when it is cool. Because it is "，", many places call it "伏", and it sounds, which also means that Sanfu Tian is over.

Zhang Daqian

There are about 2,000 cicadas in the world. The larvae have a long period of development. Generally, it is 4-5 years underground, and some are 17 years long. But their adults are very short, and they die in only a few weeks. Therefore, ancient literati often emotted with its short life. This emotion should start in Zhuangzi. In "Xiaoyaoyou", Zhuangzi wrote: "I don't know the spring and autumn", a kind of cicada, saying that cicada or Chunsheng died, I do not know that there are autumn; or Xia Shengqiu died died; I don't know there is spring. Of course, they don't know winter.

Qi Baishi

In the minds of the ancients, in addition to the short life, there are many praise morals. The Western Jin Dynasty poet Lu Ji praised the cicada to have five morals: "There is a lot of text on the head, and it is also clear. If you do n’t enjoy it, you are also honest. If you do n’t have nests, you will be frugal, and you should believe in the festival. "To sum up, it is: elegant, highly clean, honest, frugal, and honest. Later generations of chanting cicadas, no more.

Among these five morals, the most noticeable thing is that it lives high on the trees, "drinking but not eating", known as the "bug of virtue", is a high gentleman who does not eat the fireworks on earth. The chanting cicada of Yu Shinan and King Luo Bin is already a famous article for all ages, and they borrow this metaphor.

King Luo Bin's "Wing in Prison":

Xilu Chan sang, and Nan Guanke was thinking.

The shadow of Kanxuan came to gourns white heads.

Ludo flying is difficult to enter, and the wind is easy to sink.

No one believes Gao Jie, who is the intention to express it?

When Luo Bin served as Yu Shi, he was framed for sarcastic and offending Wu Zetian. He wrote this poem in prison and described the cicada as a gentleman with a high mind. Blend together.

Yu Shinan's "Yong Chan":

Drinking Qinglu, flowing out of Shu Tong.

High voice is not far away, it is not borrowing autumn wind.

Yu Shinan is a great calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. He is pushed by Tang Taizong. He believes that a person can do something with superb talents without using other forces. This is a self -confidence in your ability and self -appreciation of your high character.

Cicada, this tiny life has been given such a beautiful sentiment. Because of this, during the Han and Tang dynasties, the cicada was decorated on the crown of the emperor's pride, showing the same morality as the cicada. Whether the emperor will be, the literati Hanshi, or if you are trapped or flat, you can find a hint of sustenance from the "cicada".

Qing Sun Long

In the later generations of chanting cicadas, there are still all the way to see the mountains and mountains, and to see the cicadas as "cicadas".

Li Shangyin's "Cicada":

It was difficult to be full, and it was futile.

Five is more sparse, and a tree is ruthless.

The thin stems are still flush, so the garden is flat.

I am the most police officer.

Li Shangyin has served as a staff member at the Senior Official Department, and has been sinking for a long time. He was cicadas, and he sighed that he had no meticulous mood. Here, the cicada is rare and wailing.

If Li Shangyin's chanting cicada is still susceptible, Yang Wanli's "Early Autumn" is pure chanting:

The sunset is ruthless and most affectionate, and the trees are cicadas.

It sounds silent, but I was silent.

The first two poems wrote the cicada sounds in the evening, and the last two poems wrote about the cicadas, and the cicada mouth was closed.

Yang Wanli also has a "Listening Cicada", which is well written:

A piece of empty paper was light, but there were many sounds before the wind.

Come and call it to nothing, and the poet happened to happen.

The cicada was noisy, and the poet was old.

In the Tang Dynasty poet Xu Yan, the cicada sound was more specific:

Han Mingning is the same as the insects, and the wing crown is not poor.

The shell has been turned from today, and the sorrow seemed to be in the middle of last year.

The chrysanthemums were exposed to the urging, and the Huae leaves of the dusk fell into the wind.

From then on, he can be the best, where to take care of the puff.

In the morning, the chrysanthemum blooms, and the ingredients fall in the evening. The cicada is here, not just the insects that are waiting for, but also the "mastermind" that urges time to flow.The cicada called a whole summer, and when the Han cicada was Ming, the autumn was going to be deeper.(Yangzi Evening News reporter Zang Lei)

Edit: Qin Xiaoyi

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