"Reading · Reader · Reading -Kim Kemu Chronicles": What is reading and learning

A few years ago, I forgot to read who's communication set. There were two paragraphs, which was very good, and copied it on the book: "Learning and logic is a barrier, text is a barrier, the noun is a barrier. Being able to pass by here, you have to learn to be in your ears. "" Do you learn the sages of sages, can you speak to your be close? "At that time, it was impressed by this knowledge and speech.

Kim Kemu (August 14, 1912-August 5, 2000)

In the process of writing "Reading · Reading, Reading Reading -Jin Kemu Chronicles", because of many things, I often think of the words above. Interestingly, in the process, I gradually realized that this knowledge has a relative, and many times it is not a calm choice, but the environment is caused by the environment. Probably this, isn't Jesus' nail marks, isn't it?

"Reading · Reader · Reading -Kim Kemu Chronicles" Huang Dehai writer writer publishing house published

In December 1991, Kim Kimu, Deng Guangming and Duanmu Liang

In 1992, Kim Kimu and Qi Gong were at the University of Northern Normal University

Try to see the growth clips of Kim Kimu, what can you see?

one

Kim Kimu was born in Shouxian County, Anhui. He was born in Wanzai County, Jiangxi in 1912. His father was the last generation of the Qing Dynasty. Shortly after Kim Kimu was born, his father died. He continued to relocate with his aunt, mother and grandma, and completed the earliest education in the turbulent.

Probably because of the early memory, Kim Kimu, who was less than two years old, left the scene where their mother and son followed the aunt to Anqing in the memory: "City A (pressed, Anqing) is a mountain city, leaning on the hillside, naked on the Yangtze River in the Yangtze River in the Yangtze River. In the eyes of passengers on the ships. The city can be seen almost everywhere on the highlands. I can see the rolling Yangtze River below. ... The first piece of material stored in memory in his life is a ship in the Yangtze River. As soon as he heard the sound of the whistle far away, he asked the adult to take him to the back garden, and asked the adult to hold him up to Wangjiang. This is a period of time for his daily compulsory. "

Take a photo with his mother

The above quotation comes from "Old Nest Trace". In the comments written by Kim Kemu's own name, the comments later are: "The wandering end of the world starts from looking at the river boat, it is symbolic." It is said that the continuous relocation of his family during the infant period still includes a larger scale in his youth and youth, but every section of wandering is related to the fierce changes in the family and the times, which seems to have the shadow of fate. This is probably like this. It is unable to choose to be born, nor can it be born time. I am afraid that in the end, they have to learn to love their own destiny.

The old families such as Kim Kimu have a large population and come from different regions, so they have different dialects. The three brothers are talking about Shouxian dialect. What Dada said is probably a kind of "official saying". Clear, complete. " Mother and my aunt who got along with Jin Kimu in the early years, also said differently: "When I was born, my father was in Jiangxi. My biological mother was from Poyang Lake. The person she served, my aunt was from Anqing, so the Anhui dialect she learned was not authentic. It was not until 20 years old to live in the south bank of the Huaihe River to say the local dialect for 20 years, but there are still a few words. Using the pronunciation like rolling his tongue until the age of 75, he didn't change when he left the world. "

Kim Kemu is with his granddaughter

In a natural and complex language environment, Kim Kimu completed the early special listening and training: "Of course, when I learn to speak, of course, I don’t understand the difference between these languages, but I am used to listening to various tones in my ears. It is normal. One word can have more than one sound, one meaning can be different, I think it is of course. "Originally, learning anything is" more mixed, more disturbance, disturbing "But if a person is naturally in a miscellaneous environment and does not have the separation of comparison, the miscellaneousness may become a special specialty. Later, various foreign languages ​​of Kim Kimu could be used and learned, that is, learning, and may be related to the special language environment he grew up.

two

During the preschool, Kim Kemu has completed the traditional Kaimeng education, and began to recite the "four books" and some "five classics". In 1920, Kim Kimu entered the No. 1 Primary School in Shouxian County, Anhui. After graduating in 1925, he was trained for two years from his private school.

It is also a traditional recitation, a new textbook teaching method, a private training, and learning English. According to the present statement, Kim Kimu has received educational education with both ancient and modern, Chinese and Western. Can integrate into modernity. However, the education between the old and the old is not as perfect as imagined. Before deepening any field, education is just a simple guidance for ignorance. Even the so -called private traditional training may not be so reliable.

What do I have learned for two years? "He asked me what the scriptures had been read first. After I reported it, he decided to teach me the Book of Books. The last paragraph or one is taught every day. In front of the teacher's seat, let go of the book, carry the teacher, and carry it. If you can't carry it, you will be criticized lightly. Scolding. So he taught "Book of Rites". Here are some articles more "Book Scriptures" more '诘 聱'. I actually used it as a spell. , I asked me to read a "Left Embroidery" by myself. This is a special article. And the Book of Changes. I learned it step by step, right? However, don't forget the "traditional training" mentioned by Kim Kimu. What is this? "Industry training starts with composition. This is a matter of several older students. He suddenly produced a question:" Sun Yan reduced the stove to break the Wei Lun ", I want me to do it. I have read the "Eastern Zhou Dynasty". A article has shocked the teacher. Nianyang School of the Academy would write classical Chinese, and it was unexpected. So he taught me to read "Donglai Bo" and asked me to read the ancient texts myself. "Hundred Articles", learn 'desire to suppress the first to raise' '"want to raise first", etc., and let me read the newspaper, and occasionally commented on a few words .... The teacher has never said anything, but often uses one or two sentences in one or two sentences Wake up reading, especially the practical tricks of writing poetry composition. "

Does the ideal scholar be "unprepared for the friendship"? How does a private teacher teach practical tricks? Is this reading tool for meals? To a certain extent, perhaps this is exactly the case: "In the past, Chinese scholars were called scholars. Based on books, that is, to eat by text. This line can be promoted to get rich, but most of them are sorrowful or relying on bureaucrats and rich people to eat. ... According to what I know, the old tradition is how children who trained into this line can rely on Chinese characters, poems, and books to eat, as apprentices of shops to pay for dinner. Inheriting the father's business. Just want to change the career, other lines are not willing to accept it. Similarly, it is not easy to enter this line. "

The traditional training of the past two years has left a deep impression on Jin Kemu. According to his own statement, "I didn't understand at the time, and then I looked down on this guidance. Decades have passed. Now, I want to come. I want to come. I want to come. In the art industry, it was a trick when it went smoothly. It was a violation of the tips when it was bumpy. This is the industry secret of scholars in the past society? Perhaps this paragraph can break our stereotypes of reading is an elegant thing. Back to the specific scene of studying in ancient times, we can realize that the traditional so -called "cultivation of heirs" is likely to be two parallel skills.

In the career of Kim Ke Muyou, there are many different types of articles. Many people feel that they are not enough academic, and occasionally sarcastic. The reason may be forgotten. For a long time, writing an article is the survival method of Kim Kimu, and he is his body clothes and food. When clothing and food cannot be guaranteed, asking a person to take a shot is the academic masterpiece of thoughtfulness, and it is probably too harsh. What's more, no matter what external evaluation, for the specific reading and writing, the ability to complete the article in this way, maybe it is an effective writing training.

Three

In 1927, the Northern Expeditionary Army hit the Yangtze River Basin, and his family sent Jin Kemu to the countryside to hide in the countryside, so as to know the "Alarm Bell" ("In the Well") and started reading "New Youth". In 1928, it was recommended to teach to Shouxian 30th Primary School in Shouxian County, and colleagues said "Communist ABC".

From the previous analysis, it is not difficult to see that no matter how good the education looks like, if there is no specific combination with everyone, it may be just complicated decoration, maybe it can be bluffed, but it is really not in the body. Dear. In addition, when Kim Kimu was truly independent and studied, the society had been baptized by the 1911 Revolution and the May 4th Movement. It is in this case that Kim Kimu met the "alarm", also known as "well in the well, and met an opportunity to synchronize with the times.

This acquaintance story sounds like a legend. Because of the hiding in the countryside, Kim Kimu met the alarm of the church in the city, covering it, and he talked with each other. "One day, I moved the five big books on the bookshelf down. It turned out to be a binding book for one to five volumes of" New Youth ". He borrowed it from the school library. The protest letter and the refutation letter to me. I couldn't help laughing after reading a few lines, so I borrowed it back to read from beginning to end ... ... I have read a lot of books , But you can't string up. These five volumes are just step by step from asking questions to discussing issues, showing the initial process of the new cultural movement. After reading it, the debate with the alarm was completed. Two people."

The above words may not be clear enough. The so -called when going out of the city and when returning to the city, it seems that there is no specific explanation. In the preface of "Old Studies and New Knowledge", I have talked about this more specifically. Let us have an exact understanding of this transition process: "(because I read the book before) I became a book stall, which could not be dedicated to specializing in dedicated. 'Climate'. I seem to be drilling on the glass window and I can only touch the darkness. Unexpectedly, there was a hole in the glass and it flew out. Big Book. One is the five thick "New Youth". The other is the four "Zhongshan Quanshu". This illuminates the "Novel Monthly", "Student Magazine" and "Oriental Magazine" I have read. Later, I saw the "Flood" of the Creation Agency and the "Chinese Youth" of Xiaobeen. Learn 焉 焉. "This passage follows the above words, the time memory is a bit different, and the books mentioned are also increased or decreased, but the process is very clear. In this process, to put it plainly, the age is relatives. The so -called flies drilling on the glass window, isn't it just that what I learned is not returned, so be outside the times? Flying out of the window hole is to read "New Youth" and "Zhongshan Quanshu". The previous messy learning rushed to the edge of the times.

Of course, this is not all the relationship between Kim Kemu and the times, and it can even be said that this is just one aspect of his relationship with his relationship with the times. The important thing is that with this experience, Kim Kimu opened the previously closed information exchange system to update his relationship with the times at any time. The colleagues mentioned from the beginning of this section talk about "Communist ABC", and we can generally feel that the surge of subtraction under the surface of the society and the sound of the update era have sounded on the earth.

Unrestrained

In 1930, Kim Kimu left his home to Peiping. Because he had no chance to enter a regular university, he could only strive to study, hovering between high school institutions, and entering and leaving all kinds of libraries of all sizes. During this period, Jin Kemu Pan -viewing, studying foreign languages, making friends, and thinking about the eyes of the middle of the eye. In 1935, after being introduced by a friend, he went to the Library of Peking University.

In October 1946, Kim Kimu and Shen Zhongzhang, Cui Mingqi, and Wu Xiaoling were in Shanghai Hongkou Park.

Without any era, no family, he will prepare all the conditions for someone to let him set foot on society. Kim Kimu left his home to Peiping. He originally planned to find an opportunity to go to college, but because of the confusion of the society and the restrictions on family conditions at that time, he could only go to higher education institutions to hear a few lessons from time to time, and then read the so -called "family university". This "family university" called Jin Kemu should come from the English "Family University Series" he was studying at the time. Of course, including his family who entered the "Private Professor English" and "Private Professor World Language", he also included his family. The most important thing for the old bookstore and book stalls is the various large and small libraries he in and out.

Without the same embarrassment, it would be difficult for us to experience Jin Kimu who could not pay for rent, wearing cotton robes, or eating three meals. We might as well imagine that in the cold winter, the thin gold Kimu, accidentally entered a library with a furnace: "I suddenly found that there are not many books in the municipal public library in Xuanwumen's hair alley ... Watch. In the reading room, there are "Wanlou Library" and a few English "Family University Series". You can specify borrowing, which is really convenient. There is a large stove in winter, the room is like spring. Sitting inside in the afternoon, I opened my eyes, made up many common sense, and met many masterpieces of college scholars who were famous and unable to meet in their hometown primary schools. If there is no library, I really don’t know how to spend it through. How can the snowy winter and the spring of wind and sand rolled the wind, how can you open the door to the treasure house that is really an endless treasure. "

When you are sleepy, there is such a place of tolerance to study at ease, and it is no wonder that Kim Kimu has always felt that those ordinary small libraries can be counted as "Fengyi and Teacher": "I have a lot of life in my life. Liangshi and friends, but what makes me most beneficial is not the people but the previous libraries. Those public libraries that are not for officials and do only serve poor students. I do n’t know how many are now? "Later It is also "every place, you may go to the local library, as if looking for an old friend." More importantly, Kim Kimu developed a special learning method from the library's reading. This peculiar calligraphy learned from the library can resurrect the books that have been air -dried in a sense, re -have a vivid face, and lead to the "reading, reading people, readings" that he later proposed later. Or think deeply.

In addition to these ordinary libraries, Kim Kemu and Peking University Library can be said to have deep fate. For less than one year in the Peking University Library, Jin Kemu borrowed books and returned books, which broaden his horizons, made friends, and updated the learning method. The people in the library became a mentor, and I lived between the platform and the library during the day, and read the books that I borrowed back carefully at night. "More importantly, in this period of time, Kim Kimu realized a reading method," Books The people in the museum can "look at qi" like a collector, and you can see the new and old version of paper, version, and fonts at first sight. The value of value. " Moving this method to reading may be called "looking at qi reading." After learning this method, you can know the position of the book in the culture as a whole at a glance, and can quickly judge its pattern and value. In the era of excess information, this method of reading may pay more attention.

Happy old naughty boy

Arrest

In 1938, Kim Kimu went to Hong Kong to serve as an international news editor of "Li Pao". He coached Taoyuan Women's Middle School and Hunan University in Hunan Province in 1939. In 1941, he answered the Chinese newspaper "India Daily" in Kolkata, India. Luye Garden rewarded the elderly to study Indian classics.

The experience of this time looks very amazing at first glance, as if a person has a great choice space, and he can show his ability at any time, anywhere. In fact, this is not the case at all. Whether it is to Hong Kong, in Hunan, or India, it is because of the trouble caused by Japan's invasion of China, which leads to Kim Kimu's having to survive. As an example, Kim Kimu said that "there is no way to go", "it was" escaping ', and it was to find meals. "There was nothing chic at all.

In July 1946, the Answers in Kolkata, India "Collection"

However, although in such a passive situation, Kim Kimu did not have a slump, or complained about the heavens, but quickly adjusted his learning and reading strategy according to different situations. Just say it to Hong Kong. I didn't know what to do, but my friend introduced it to see Sakong. When Sa Kong saw him holding an English book, he asked him to go to the newspaper to translate the external telegram: "That night he only treats me to me. Speaking of the various simplified sayings of the Associated Press' "Original Dian", Reuters does not have to talk about the newspaper. After that, I hurriedly leave ... The news agency has come to telecommunications one after another, and I will translate it one after another. Come on. In the middle of the night, he came in the middle of the night, looked at it, put on the pen, and asked me to come again the next night. The next night he told me that he couldn't be busy and couldn't find anyone. Edition International News (about the semi -edition of the New People's Evening News). There are tiny samples on the table, and newspapers are made. After that, I hurried away. "

In this way, Kim Kemu quickly adapted to the work rhythm of the newspaper and was enjoying the job. Interestingly, this experience is not only able to earn money to support his family, but also let him refine a unique way of learning: "This year (no rest day) I was tightly trained, and I had worked hard. How to compete in the accumulation of the materials suddenly hired at a glance at a glance at a glance, decide to be severity, calculate length, organize and arrange, and keep writing (the "Li Pao" requires that the small capacity of small capacity must be rewritten. Wait for the row workers to urge, and the editor -in -chief cannot be made back. "This kind of ability to not rely on the environment, but quickly adjust in the complex situation, and recognize the ability of key information. It is worth thinking about — Where is there a situation in the world, and all the conditions are ready to let us go to study and do things?

I realized this method. Later, I went to Hunan to teach and study Indian classics, and even Kim Kemu's other life fragments, because it can be regarded as an example of making decisions quickly under incomplete conditions. As he said, the set of kung fu from the Hong Kong News Agency, "Later, I used the Chinese translation Buddhist classics in Luye Garden, India", and later used it many times.

Perhaps this is the case for reading and learning. You never look forward to someone paving all the stairs, and never expecting more fully preparations. A way for you. In this way, because there are relatives from time to time, even if you walk, you have a special style.

(Original title: Reading and learning in the life fragments and reading methods of Kim Kemu)

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