Gold and copper rhinos: The opening of the Silk Road, the image of the Han cultural relics began to be foreign and strange beasts

The "Cultural Relics Association Talk" series will take you for thousands of years, watching the collections of the Nanjing Museum's collections from the Warring States Period to the Qing Dynasty with Chinese and foreign cultural relics.

Today we walked into the Western Han Dynasty.

Jinbei Band

Earth unearthed from King Chu, Lion Mountain, Xuzhou

Cultural relic introduction:

The width of each piece is 13.3 cm wide, 6 cm high, weighs more than 260 grams, and the tongue is 3.3 cm long. The front of the board decorates the scene of tiger and bear bite the reindeer in the form of first moment. The whole pair of gold bands were cast well, showing the thickness and atmosphere of the art of the Han Dynasty; the animal image expressed is powerful and very dynamic. There are inscriptions on the side of the group with buckles, which are not badly recorded the weight of each piece of band. When archaeological discovery, the subsequent belt part of the band is covered with the same size of natural sea shells. The shell luster and gold are reflected, luxurious and gorgeous.

Expert Reviews:

Decorating the belt with oval -shaped sea shellfish is common in the Warring States Period of China to the Qin and Han dynasties, so this belt is also called "golden shell belt". In the Han Dynasty, this type of sea shells produced from today's South China Sea and the Indian Ocean is a high -end jewelry that is loved by upper levels. The shell belt found in the territory of the Han Empire is bronze, silver, gold, and even jade. On the lead of the shell belt, the image of horse, deer, bear, tiger, and eagle is mostly presented as the main decorative patterns. They are presented with mutual fighting and bite. As we all know, the theme of this kind of beast or raptor fight is a decorative style loved by typical grassland peoples. In the Warring States Period and the Qin and Han dynasties, this kind of traditional Chinese beast shape was also integrated into the Chinese traditions such as dragons and turtles in the decorative patterns, which showed the wisdom and creativity of the Han Dynasty civilization compatibility and accommodation.

——Shao ​​Jun, a research librarian in Nanjing Museum

Bai Yulong Pei

Earth unearthed from King Chu, Lion Mountain, Xuzhou

Cultural relic introduction:

The jade dragon is made of white jade, the jade is warm, and the glass -like luster is polished on the surface. Since the tomb was buried for more than 2,000 years, the dragon body was located. The shape of the jade dragon is powerful and powerful, the body curls is S -shaped, the Zhang Xu is at teeth, the eyes are open, the hair is curled on both sides, the forelimbs are twisted, the claws and toes are sharp, the dragon tails are rolled and flattened. Express the meaning of the dragon's abyss and dormant.

Expert Reviews:

The material used by Bailong Jade is shiny and moist. As early as four or five thousand years ago, the jade material in the northwest had been delivered to the east as a treasure and goods, forming one of the oldest communication channels - —— "The Road of Jade". Especially during the Emperor Hanwu period, Zhang Jian was sent to the Western Regions. The Han Empire and the Western Regions began formal official exchanges. The Silk Road was opened. A large number of high -quality jade materials continued to enter the Central Plains. The guarantee on raw materials.

——Shao ​​Jun, a research librarian in Nanjing Museum

Gold, bronze rhinos, elephants, camels

The Tomb of King of Da Yunshan River unearthed

Cultural relic introduction:

They were unearthed in the tomb of Da Yunshan. Rhino, elephant, camel, full muscle, smooth lines, simple and strong, stable and powerful. Not only is it "material", its face value is not low, vivid, lifelike, and very agile.

Expert Reviews:

Today we are very familiar with animals. Two thousand years ago, they needed to come to the mountains. It can be imagined that when the Han Dynasty faced with the first time and faced, the surprised expression was revealed.

Elephants are widely distributed in ancient China. Until the Shang Dynasty, the vast areas of the vast areas, including the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, are still the distribution areas of elephants. The literatures before Qin and Han also mentioned that elephants were mentioned more. The preliminary study of this rhino's morphology showed that it should be for the Asian rhino Sumatra, and its hometown was not in China at that time. The camel of Shuangfeng was originally from Central Asia, and it was gradually entered the Central Plains during the Qin and Han dynasties. It was designed as the base of the utensils. Obviously, the Han Dynasty had clearly understood the strong capacity of the camel. Since then, camel has also become an important messenger of cultural exchanges and economic exchanges between the East and the West. The opening of the Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road on the land, let these Southeast Asian, Central Asian rhinos, camels and other strange beasts entered the Han Dynasty and became the object of craftsmanship in the Han Dynasty craftsmen. More importantly, this shows this. During the first period, the closeness and prosperity of Chinese and foreign material and cultural exchanges.

——Shao ​​Jun, a research librarian in Nanjing Museum

Planning: Shen Yan

Coordinating: Fu Yanyan

Poster: Li Ronghua (intern)

Maritime: Liu Liu

Xie Xie: Nanjing Museum, Suzhou Kunji Theater

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