Xia, Shang Zhou's heavy cultural relics gathered, the Shanghai Museum's exhibition hidden the password of "why is China"

As the first exhibition of the Shanghai Museum's "Why China" Cultural Relics and Archeology Exhibition, the "House of China -Henan Summer Chamber of Commerce on Wednesday" was kicked off yesterday (29th). This exhibition brings together 217 groups of cultural relics collected by Henan Museum, Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, and the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, with a total of 314 exhibits, involving 89 important archeological sites, of which one of them is a grade. There are 67 groups.

Regardless of the scale, quantity and level of exhibits, the exhibition is the heaviest boutique exhibition this year. It has caused widespread attention to the most important reason is "the history of materialism". With the actual archeological excavation results, it explains the formation and evolution process of Chinese civilization and the deepening of Chinese civilization.

The first exhibition of the Shanghai Museum's "Why China" Cultural Relics and Archeology Exhibition "House China -Henan Summer Chamber of Commerce on Wednesday Generation Civilization Exhibition" opened

"Through this exhibition, you can answer how many important questions in China ' -where is China coming from, where is China, and what are the cultural concepts of China?" "Miyako China" comes from He Zun, a bronze ware in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The inscription on the bottom of the belly records the important historical facts of the Wuwang and the five -year built by the king of the king. This is the earliest record of the term "China". Although the "China" in the inscription is a directional word, which means "the center of the country", which refers to Luoyang, it hides the consciousness and national concept of the time.

According to records, about 4000 years ago, after the long development and blending of Chinese civilization, the Chinese civilization and diversity culture condensed between Heeluo into a mature civilization form, forming a radiation rule centered on the king capital. China's social organization structure has undergone major changes, and the basic forms of early ancient countries have been constructed. Henan is the core area of ​​Xia Shang's civilization on Wednesday. The Erlitou site excavated here is a large -scale capital with meticulous planning and layout. It has witnessed Xia culture with many Xia Dynasty relics.

The first exhibit of this exhibition was unearthed from the Erlitou site. This is the earliest Bronze Ding of my country's archeological discovery so far, known as the "China First Bronze Ding". Ma Xiaolin, the dean of Henan Museum, told reporters that the shape and decoration style of this tripod is in the same vein with the Tao Ding shape of the late Tao Ding in the late Longshan culture of Henan. The appearance of Bronze Ding in Erli is a symbol of the king's ritual system.

An intermediate beast -faced Fang Ding in the middle of the Shang Dynasty is the physical basis for the businessmen in Zhengzhou. The abdomen of the square is built, and there are two symmetrical round arched ears along the mouth. The four -headed feet of the deferring body are thick and thick, which is a cylindrical shape with thick and down. The four sides of the wall and the four -sided animal face pattern, the two sides of the four walls and the lower part are decorated with milk nail patterns, and the beast faces and string patterns. It is unearthed at the Zhengzhou Mall site, combined with the scale of the pits, the same utensils, and comparison with the contemporary bronze, can determine that the tripod is the royal family.

Zhou's representative utensils are a late Warring States Period "Embedded Calendar Pattern Ding Ding". The whole device is decorated with the four -petal pattern of gold and silver, and the triangular cloud pattern, and the layout is well -proportioned. This tripod is a typical typical gold and silver crafts during the Warring States Period. The decoration is very rare, and the head button is rare. The shape is exquisite and exquisite, giving people a strong artistic appeal.

The reporter noticed that there are many cultural relics in the exhibition hall that are related to women. This is a legendary character, the wife of the Shang Wang Wuding, the first female military commander in Chinese history, and an outstanding female politician. For example, a mother -in -law Xin Yan in the late Shang Dynasty is a sacrifice for the sons of Shangwang Wuding for his mother -in -law. The inside and the body have the three -character inscription of the "Mother Xin". The shape of the device is strong, with a beast -like shape, leaning forward, a pair of rolled corners on the head, round eyes, bird -like in the rear, two claws on the feet, and beasts on the tail. The surface of the device is decorated with exquisite and complicated patterns, with a lightning background, and decorated with animal facial patterns, ripples, feather patterns, etc. The spine and lower forehead to the chest cast are delicate and exquisite. A nearly half -ring -shaped phoenix -shaped jade pendant was unearthed from the tomb of Xiaotun Women in Anyang. The front of Pei is the head of the phoenix, the hook mouth, the words of the courtesy, and the high crown, and the crown is carved with a zigzag -shaped teeth. The device is decorated with a deformed cloud pattern with double yin line. Peng's lower end is like a humanoid. The ends of the jade penetration have a perforation for wearing a system or a good use of a woman during their lifetime.

The entire exhibition takes time as the line, leading the audience to trace the source of the axis of history, and explores the magnificent and charm of the magnificent civilization during the pre -Qin period, and finally ended with the Shanghai Museum in the late Warring States Period. This utensil is a rectangle with a handle, with 75 -character inscriptions engraved in the outer wall, which is divided into two times for Shang Yang and Qin Shihuang. In the inscription, in the eighteen years of Qin Xiaogong, Daliang made the standard capacity of the queen in Shangyang. The inscription at the bottom is the order of Qin Shihuang's uniformly measure in the twenty -sixth year of Qin Shihuang. Xia Shang's civilization on Wednesday laid the foundation for the continuous development of Chinese civilization. Since then, Qin unified the six kingdoms and opened the age of the Chinese nation.

"Why is China? Different scholars have made a variety of different explanations from different entry points and observation positions. . "Yang Zhigang, the curator of the Shanghai Museum, revealed that the museum will be combined with domestic cultural relics provinces to hold a series of" why China "cultural relics and archeological exhibitions in the next five to ten years. Traditional Culture.

The reporter was informed that the digital collection platform "Maritime Museum" developed by the Shanghai Museum will be officially launched on August 5.At that time, the two national treasure collections will be displayed in the form of digital collections in the form of digital collections.In addition, the eight god beasts who are stationed in the South Gate of the Shanghai Museum will also appear in the image of "Shangbo Meta Youth".This is the first digital collection platform and blockchain technology system that has developed its own intellectual property rights in the national museum industry.Author: Li Ting

Edit: Xu Luming

Editor in charge: Shaoling

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