There are newcomers in non -heritage | Cai Siya: Ten fingers hanging silk dance

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "we must strengthen the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, actively cultivate the inheritor, and let the intangible cultural heritage bloom more charming glory." Litchi News launched the bilingual micro -documentary "Non -Heritage" of the "Youth Shouteller" series, through thousands of years of context, trek thousands of mountains and rivers, recorded the traditional non -heritage renovation story, and listened to the voice of youth inheritance. After a while, the images retain memory, cultivate spiritual contexts, cultivate cultural self -confidence, and present a gorgeous and continuous Chinese civilization to the world.

Quanzhou, known as "Xingtongcheng" in ancient times. More than a thousand years ago, this was the starting point of the ancient "Maritime Silk Road". The city was full of fiery thorns, Yunwu Wanjia, and a few lounges, there were prosperity praised by the world. Merchants and travelers from all over the world have come. In diversified folk customs and religious activities, a puppet show derived from the Central Plains is an indispensable and important role. This is the puppet drama of Quanzhou. In ancient times, it was called "hanging silk", also known as "Jiali" drama, which means a great gift in the grand meeting. It was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects in 2006.

At the time of the summer vacation, the reserved repertoire of the Quanzhou Puppet Theater "Flame Mountain" was performed again. The main performers were more than a dozen people including post -90s actor Cai Siya and Zhang Yaohua. This is more than 4000 performers performed since the play. Sun Wukong drove the fog and cut the demon to remove the demon under the control of the thin silk thread, which caused two or three hundred children at the scene to cheer.

Children in southern Fujian are not unfamiliar with puppet shows. Many years ago, Cai Siya, who was a child, often watched the puppet player Huang Yi, who performed the monkey tampered on TV -the furry little monkey, lived flexibly under the manipulation of the master, grabbed his ears and jumped his tail, like a real monkey. This laid a seed in Xiaosiya's heart. When she graduated from junior high school, she coincided with the recruitment of puppet show students in Quanzhou Art School, and she immediately went to sign up.

The fingertips are like life

It looks magical and interesting puppet performance. When I got started in person, I found that I was not imagined simple. Quanzhou Line Puppet puppets have gone through a millennium uninterrupted inheritance and accumulation to form a complete set of mature line skills, unique drama music tunes, and exquisite puppet carving modeling art. Becoming a puppet actor, you must not only learn line skills, sing the white, but also learn the puppet wiring wiring and shape assembly. From 0 to 1 is always very difficult. In the first two years of the art school, Siya practiced the basic skills in the boring repetition.

Cai Hongru in the Qing Dynasty wrote in "Jinshui often talks": "The carved wood is a man, the outside is covered with cultural embroidery, and the silk is trapped. This technique. "Compared with most puppet performances, Quanzhou has many puppets and difficult control. The most common puppets have 16 lines, and more are even more than 36 or more. The performance is delicate and realistic.

Si Ya, who is determined to engage in the puppet performance for a lifetime, starts to learn from the most basic release, hook lines, threads, and lines. Let the puppets move, walk, and then manipulate the wooden piano to play the piano and jump. "The lines of the joints of the puppets are fixed. Each finger of the actor should control different lines. The coordination of the opponent's finger is very high. Some of them need to control the seven or eight lines. Study carefully and figure out how to manipulate the line to let the puppets listen to us. "

The ancient charm of Zhongzhou stretches for thousands of years

The puppet is the art of playing with puppets. In addition to using the line to make the puppets dynamic, it also depends on the sound of the character's image and joy and sorrow. Back to the earlier history of Tongcheng, when the puppet show entered Quanzhou with the immigration of the Central Plains, "Guluo" also took root here, becoming the main voice of today's "tone". To this day, Quanzhou Line Puppet Puppet is the only puppet show with its own drama music, which preserves nearly 300 complete ancient songs.

The "tone" is also connected with the spirit of "Nanyin", which is circulated in the Quanzhou area. At the age of 8, Siya, who began to learn "Nanyin", has improved faster than the students in the training of the singing. Traditional puppet shows include four lines of "life", "dan", "north", and "miscellaneous". Speaking is an important basis for distinguishing the line. At first, she was assigned to play the "little student" because of calm voice and generosity. After adulthood, the sound of the sound changed to play "Dan Jiao", mainly "Tsing Yi Dan".

Although the "tune" is mainly sang Minnan, it is still different from the Minnan language used in life. Whenever I get a new song, Siya must follow the teacher to correct the pronunciation, and then learn the tunes and beats. Each song may have 10 to 20 vocals. The basic skills of the rich tunes and the fucking line filled with Cai Siya's 5 -year life at Quanzhou Art School. In 2012, she graduated with excellent results and successfully entered the Quanzhou Puppet Theater Troupe. This year, the "Fujian Puppet Drama Subsequent Talent Training Plan" was selected into the United Nations Teaching and Sciences Organization to protect the Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention "Excellent Practice Rams", and more than a dozen "post -90s" newcomers who joined the group with Siya were waiting to be officially boarded. Set the fist on the stage.

Carved wood and the legacy of the Tang and Song dynasties

But before taking office, you must first have your own puppet.

A thread puppet is composed of puppet heads, cage belly, limbs, line lifting and hook cards. Making a puppet requires the cooperation of multiple people. In addition to asking the master to sculpt the wooden puppets and puppet hands, and ask the clothing designer to make clothes, the others are all actors to make assembly themselves. After entering the troupe, Cai Siya also focused on the national first -level actor Fu Duanfeng, who also focused on "Dan Jiao". While learning singing, the production of puppets is learned. "Because of the different characters of the puppet, the movements will be different, which depends on the different positions of the threading line. Therefore, for the actors who are most familiar with the action of the puppet characters, it is the most appropriate to handle the puppet on the puppet." In Quanzhou On the third floor of the Puppet Theater, there was a house with the aroma of camphor. Master Lin Congpeng buried his head here for more than 40 years. He entered the theater from the age of 16, and he had carved thousands of puppets. In particular, the work "Four General Openings" appeared in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, which was amazing all over the world.

Almost all of the important roles that Siya performed by Siya came from the hands of Teacher Lin. These puppet head knives are refined, the lines are soft, and the sculpture and pink skills are quite Tang Feng and Song Yun. The most commendable thing is that these strange puppet styles not only move their mouths, but also move their noses and eyes. In the legendary repertoire such as "Flame Mountain", extraordinary expressiveness is added.

Tianqiao Gaotai has its own Qiankun

In 1978, the mythical drama "Flame Mountain" was pioneered. The troupe pioneered the stage of the "Tianqiao Gaotai" stage, and remitted the line puppets, puppet puppets, puppets in the palm, and puppet performances, and won the National Awards several times. After experiencing the relay of the two generations of puppet drama actors in the Quanzhou Puppet Theater, the third -generation inheritor version met with the audience in 2017. All the actors were young actors "post -90s". Cai Siya, who has been practicing the basic skills of the puppet drama for 10 years, has entered the 3 -meter high platform for the first time, still ushered in a lot of challenges.

"Standing in such a high place, I feel that the lines on my hand are not listening to you, the puppet is also larger and heavier than the usual puppet. From the perspective of the 3m high platform, it is not the same. The feet will be suspended, and the intensity of the movement of the manipulation when doing action is 1-2 times larger than usual. "For Siya, not only the acting form should be re-learned and adaptable, but the role of the performance is equivalent to crossing the line." My main attack is attacked. Tsing Yi Dan is a more female role in Sven. Princess Iron Fan belongs to Wu Dan, and there is a more fierce and spicy side. "So she found" Flame Mountain "performed by the older generation of actors to observe, how to make the movements delicate and lively, How to grasp the inner changes of Princess Iron Fan.

From the task of receiving this drama, to organizing the puppets, studying the script, and cutting the movement, to the final performance for more than a year. Each arrangement or performance is sweaty, and almost 20 young actors are almost one person to decorate multiple roles. For example, after Siya finished acting as a scene of Princess Iron Fan, she immediately climbed down from the high platform and sat on the ground to perform the fish in the Dragon Palace in the East China Sea. However, when I saw the audience below and cheering, I felt that everything was worth it. "The audience resonated with us and saw what we wanted to express."

Ancient art salary is not available

This year is the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the Quanzhou Puppet Theater. In these 70 years, the ancient drama of Quanzhou Line Puppet Drama bid farewell to the inheritance mode of home classes and folk opera classes, and turned to the collective inheritance of the state -owned theater troupe. As the inheritor of the new generation, Cai Siya hopes to quickly learn more traditional folding dramas with the older generation of artists and inherit the classic drama of the troupe. "In addition, I hope that we can innovate on the basis of our generation and create more programs that audiences like."

Recently, the children of the professional interest class of Quanzhou Tongzheng Elementary School are using the summer vacation time to show up a folding drama, and they plan to participate in a art competition. The singing lines and Survance gongs are all done by the children by themselves. Cai Siya regularly came to this school to counsel children to rehearsal. She will also go to the smaller children, let the children contact the puppet from zero distance from a small distance, touch the line, manipulate, and feel what a small puppet actor is. These children who have been in contact with puppet shows have not necessarily engaged in puppet performances when they grow up, but they may be the lovers and communicators of Quanzhou Line puppet art.

Although the "Merchant of the Voice of the Sea" has long gone, Quanzhou's puppet show has been bringing the passing thousands of years, shaking the dust, and appearing intact today.

(Director of this issue/Wang Weijie Meng Yan's Manuscript/Meng Yan Camera/Li Hui Peng Chao Editing/Li Shan)

【Edit: Fangjialiang】

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