Golden Memorial Hall of the Shaanxi -Gansu -Border Revolutionary Base

Foreword

The Shaanxi -Gansu -Border Revolutionary Base centered on Zhaofeng is the first mountain revolutionary base in northern China. It is a glorious model that combines Mao Zedong's workers and peasants armed ideas with the actual reality of Shaanxi and Gansu. Its establishment laid the foundation for the development of the Northwest Revolution Base, accumulated experience, cultivated a number of outstanding talents, and made important contributions to the Chinese revolution.

—— Overview of the main exhibition

The first floor of the Jinting Memorial Hall is the preface hall and the main exhibition hall. The main line of the history of the Shaanxi -Gansu revolutionary base is the main line. The difficult journey of the creation, development, and struggle of Jindu District highlights the "two points per point" of the Northwest Revolutionary Base (referring to the end point of the Party Central and Central Red Army Long March, the starting point of the Eighth Route Army to the front line of the Anti -Japanese War, Based) historical status.

one

In the white terror after the failure of the Great Revolution, the Chinese Revolution was in a low tide. After 1929, according to the instructions of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, comrades Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang were engaged in arduous military operations in Shaanxi and Gansu. In September 1931, Liu Zhidan established three folk armed guerrillas in Heshui County, Gansu, and established the Nanliang guerrillas. Essence

On February 20, 1932, on the night of the Lantern Festival, Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang led the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Year -Gansu Guerrillas to secretly arrived in Zhaojin Street. The Red Army is the revolutionary principle of the poor "team of the Red Army for the poor". In the summer of 1932, Xi Zhongxun, who was only 19 years old, came to Zhaojin after leading the leader's launch of Gansu's "two soldiers". He met Xie Zichang and Liu Zhidan in Yangliuping Village in Zhaojin. , Discussed the current revolutionary situation, unified thoughts and reached consensus. The most fundamental one is to establish a revolutionary base, carry out red armed sections, and gradually develop and expand the guerrilla area. The room for rotation.

two

On December 24, 1932, the Red Army Shaanxi Guerrillas held an adaptation flag ceremony in Zhijiao Town, Xunyi County today. The Military and Political Commission and the political commissar, Wang Shitai as the head of the regiment. Since then, this young worker and peasant armed for only more than 200 people shoulder the heavy responsibility of creating the Shaanxi -Gansu -Border Revolutionary Base in Creation.

In the spring of 1933, in order to adapt to the urgent needs of rapid development and consolidation of the Shaanxi -Gansu -Border Revolutionary Revolutionary Base centered on Zhaofeng, under the leadership of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, the party, political, and military leadership agencies of Shaanxi -Gansu were formed.

On March 8, 1933, the Special Committee of the CPC Shaanxi -Gansu Border Area was established in Zhaoyu Liang. Jin Lingke was the secretary of the CPC Shaanxi -Gansu Border Special Commission, and Xi Zhongxun served as the secretary of the Military Commission.

Xuejiazhai, about 5 kilometers from Zhaojin Town, more than 1,600 meters above sea level, huge mountains, rising walls, dangerous terrain, and easy to defend. According to legend, in ancient times, Xue Gang's anti -Tang Dynasty had been practicing martial arts here, so he was named Xuejiazhai. At the top of the mountain, there are four natural caves in turn. Hundreds of people can hold hundreds of people and dozens of people. Based on dangerous buildings, transformed cottages, and renovation caves based on dangerous buildings. Establish a whistle card in Zhaizi, respectively, and stationed the guerrillas one or three detachments. No. 2 Zhaizi established the Red Army Hospital and the Playing Factory, mainly by women guerrillas to take care of the patients and sewn quilt military uniforms. As the arsenal, No. 3 Zhaizi built a firearm for the Red Army, prepared explosives, and developed a powerful earth bomb-the braid grenade, which played a great role in the later Xuejiazhai defense war. No. 4 Zhaizi is the most remote and dangerous. It is the location of the border headquarters and logistics warehouses. Comrade Liu Zhidan and Xi Zhongxun often study the deployment of border areas here.

Braid grenade

In May 1933, the Logistics Department of the Border District established a trade market in Tingzigou under Xuejiazhai Mountain, solving the life and other necessities of the Red Army, and effectively broke the enemy's economic blockade against the Jinsu District.

On June 17, 1933, the party, political, and military leaders of Shaanxi -Gansu District held a joint meeting in Jindi Liang to discuss the work plan of the border area and the Red Second Regiment Action Plan. Xi Zhongxun and others have the correct opinions, implement adventurism, and the wrong force of the Red Ernan regiment left Zhao Jinnanwei Weihua Plain area to create Weihua and Lan Luogan, causing the Red Second Regiment to be surrounded by the Kuomintang army. Losing Nanshan. On the way south, Du Heng had an excuse to report to the Provincial Party Committee to leave the team to Xi'an privately. As a result, he was captured by the Kuomintang and rebelled into the enemy. The armed forces of the Red Army formed by our party have caught in the crisis of Zhaojin -Soviet District, and also received a profound lesson in the leaders of the party and government and army in Shaanxi -Gansu.

Four

In July 1933, in order to preserve the establishment of the Red Twenty -sixth Army, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee decided to adapt the Webei guerrilla first brigade to the fourth regiment of the Red Twenty -sixth Army. Because the Kuomintang surrounds the Weibei area, the Red Fourth Regiment was forced to transfer to Zhaojinsu District; on July 21, under the leadership of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, Wang Taiji, head of the 17th Road Army Cavalry Regiment of Yanghu City, Yaoxian, The Yao County Uprising was launched and established the northwestern people's anti -Japanese righteous army. After the uprising failed, Wang Taiji led the rest of the north to Zhaojin; on July 22, the Yaoxian guerrilla team was established in the Agu Society Village of Sugou, and then transferred to Zhaojinsu District. The three revolutionary armed forces took pictures of gold, and the blood in Jinsu District began to boil again. In order to reverse the crisis situation caused by the Red Second Regiment to the Zhaosheng District, on August 14, 1933, Qin Wushan, Secretary of the Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and Xi Zhongxun, Secretary of the Military Commission, was the executive chairman. , Political and Military -Military -Military Meeting, the meeting discussed the issue of re -establishing the main Red Army, correctly analyzed the situation and tasks faced by the base areas, and decided to continue and expand the Shaanxi -Gansu border area. The three armed forces are integrated to form a powerful fist, unified command, unified action, and fiercely hit the enemy. The Red Army of the Shaanxi -Gansu District was established. It has formulated a strategic policy of not fighting big battles, fighting for small battles, accumulating small victory, concentrating on the main force, extensively carrying out guerrilla warfare, and deeply carried out the work of mass work.

Chen Jiapo's meeting scene reproduced

History has proven that the Chen Jiapo meeting has played a key role in strengthening the party's unified leadership of the revolutionary armed forces, the changes in the situation of the military struggle of Shaanxi and Gansu, and the consolidation and expansion of the Shaanxi -Gansu border base area, which has important historical significance in the history of the red revolution in the Northwest.

five

With the rapid recovery of the main force of the Red Army and the rapid rise of the Shaanxi Soviet Movement, it has caused extreme panic from the Kuomintang authorities. In September 1933, the Kuomintang army Liu Wenbo took the main force of the Red Army to combat the traitor Chen Kemin and mobilized the surrounding area of ​​the gold. The county's group launched a crazy "encirclement" to my base. The left -behind personnel of our army were observed with danger and bravely to kill the enemy. They used their own "braid grenades" and land mines to repel the enemy's offense again and again, and achieved the victory of Xuejiazhai's first battle. However, Comrade Li Miaozhai, commander of the guerrillas, died unfortunately at the age of 30.

The braid grenades and mines created by Xuejiazhai Red Army Repair

In October 1933, the Kuomintang Army Sun Youren and the Civil Regiment carried a good weapon such as cannons and heavy machine guns, and launched a larger "encirclement" to Zhaojinsu District again. Dawn, under the leadership of the traitor Chen Kemin, the enemy climbed up and sneezing from a steep stone gap between the back mountainside of our army, and our army was affected by the enemy. Under the emergency of the enemy and me, the party, political, and military leaders of the border area made decisions of preservation and separation, and retired to the south of Gansu to create a Shaanxi -Gansu -border revolution base centered on the South Liang.

Although Xue Jiazhai was lost, the revolutionary spirit of the Jin people was arduous, and the endless revolutionary spirit remained on this red hot land.

Elm cannon made by guerrillas

The fire of the revolutionary revolution of "Jinzhuang Fire" passed through her continuous struggle, and after all, the pioneering potential of the bear, which made Shaanxi -Gansu and northern Shaanxi a fiery red. In February 1935, Shaanxi -Gansu and northern Shaanxi were unified into the Northwest Revolutionary Base, becoming the only revolutionary base in the country in the later stages of the Land Revolution. The preservation and development of the Northwestern Revolutionary Base provided a assembly point and strategic base for the revolutionary forces that suffered serious frustration at that time. It was the end point of the Red Army Long March and the starting point for the advancement of the previous line, making outstanding contributions to the Chinese revolution. The Shaanxi -Gansu -Border Revolutionary basis centered on Zhaojin is the birthplace of the Northwest Revolutionary Base. Her creation and development is the glorious model of Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang, Xi Zhongxun and other young Communists who combine Mao Zedong's theory of the red regime with Shaanxi and Gansu. Practice and experience are a valuable spiritual wealth of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people, leaving a glorious page in the history of the Chinese revolutionary struggle.

(Supply of the Communist Youth League of Tongchuan Municipal Party Committee of Shaanxi Province)

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