What is the love in the eyes of the clouds | Tang Jing, Tang Jing, Tang Mirror?

Original Author: Qin Yiwen

Notice! Intersection Intersection Never reprint without authorization! Intersection Intersection How can girls go out, how can she not dress up carefully. Puming powder, drawing eyebrows, rubbing a lipstick, organizing yourself clean and beautiful, and you have a good mood to go shopping. The same is true of the young ladies and sisters in the Tang Dynasty. They cared about their appearance and meters. Although the makeup changes, there is one thing in ancient times and to the present, that is, to dress up mirrors.

Speaking of the development history of mirrors, Xu is because of our human nature, and we have pondered our appearance since ancient times. At the earliest, people took the water with pottery tiles, called "supervisor". "Said the text" records: "Supervisor can take water in the bright moon, because it can see it, so it is used as a mirror." Later, the copper appeared, and the ancients used copper to cast, and the "supervisory" evolved into "Jian". The statement has also been recognized by most scholars at home and abroad, including Mr. Guo Moruo.

The bronze mirror unearthed in the tomb of Qijia culture has a history of more than 4,000 years, and then experienced the Warring States Period, incorporated into the bronze technology, and the bronze mirror began to prevail. The economic development of the Han Dynasty was prosperous, and the development of bronze mirrors was pushed to its peak. During the prosperous Datang period, the bronze mirror entered the lives of ordinary people. Tang Jing also had a qualitative leap in patterns and craftsmanship, ushered in the third peak of development. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the bronze mirror was gradually replaced by the glass mirror, which faded out of the historical stage.

The "Map of the Female History" (partial) of Gu Kaizhi, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Collection of the British Museum

After thousands of years of development, the bronze mirror is no longer a simple life object, but has been given a different style by the royal nobles, literati, and civilians of the royal family of all ages. The bronze mirrors of the Tang Dynasty were not only collected by the exquisite mirror back, but also left in Haohao's poems and paintings. There are about 1,500 poems related to "mirror" in the present Tang poetry, and the poetry masters prefer lyricism by borrowing mirrors. Bai Juyi left 89 poems, 80 Li Bai Yongjing, 29 Du Fu, 35 Liu Yuxi and so on. In particular, many longing for beauty, love and marriage, and women's somewhat girlfriends have been pinned in mirror and Tang poetry.

At the time of looking at the old days, although the mirror is no longer bright and the back of the mirror is rusty, the Tang Shi love behind the mirror is still moving with the Tang poetry and mirror pattern. Today, we will explore one by one, and feel the love and romance of ancient people from Tang mirror Tang poetry ~

1. "Butterfly Powder Bee Yellow" in front of the mirror

The bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty were varied and the themes were rich. Compared with the Han Dynasty, more shapes and patterns were added. Fancy mirrors and sub -mirrors such as diamond flowers and sunflowers appear. In the decorative pattern, Tang people also have innovation. Flower butterfly birds, strange birds and beasts, myths and legends can be regarded as classic patterns on Tang mirrors. In addition, there are decorative patterns that combine polo and sea beast grapes.

The two bronze mirrors collected by the Wuzhong Museum have a typical Tang mirror appearance and pattern.

Tang Babu Ling Flower Copper Mirror

0.5 cm thick, 11.2 cm in diameter

This diamond bronze mirror is divided into eight petals. The interval between the outside area of ​​the petals is distributed with eight groups of branches and leaf patterns and dragonfly patterns. The inner area is decorated with four flying geese, which is separated by rolls in the middle. A round button is placed in the center of the back of the mirror, and there is a hole in the bottom, which can be convenient to hang the lace and fix it.

Speaking of Linghua Mirror, Wei Yingwu's "Sensing Mirror" poems "casting mirror Guangling City, Linghua Boxes", Liu Yuxi's "Hetian Change Wine" also "take the diamond flower hundred refining mirrors, change his bamboo leaves, change his bamboo leaves "Ten Ten Cups", it can be seen that the appearance rate of Linghua Mirror in the Tang Dynasty is very high. Regarding the shape of Linghua Mirror, modern archeology believes that the "Linghua Mirror" refers to a bronze mirror with a sharp petal -shaped mirror, which is generally divided into six or eight petals. However, there are also saying that "the wall and the diamond flowers are born in" The Wall and the Linghua Self -born "and" The Glowing of the Ring in the Greater Linghua "in" Mirror Fu ", so some scholars believe that the diamond flower mirror does not refer to the shape of the mirror, but because the bronze mirror is in the sun in the sun. It is named as a diamond flower. But as far as the naming is concerned, modernity is generally named by the shape of the bronze mirror.

Mingqiu Ying "Ling Song People", Shanghai Museum Collection

For mirrors, the most important and most daily function is probably used to make up on face. However, girls are always inevitable to spend some time. After all, beautiful makeup needs to be described carefully to "look back and smile." Careful taking care of the appearance is also due to respect for yourself and the people around you.

However, he couldn't see the beauty in a hurry. Tang Taizong had sullen because he summoned Xu Xianfei, but he was alone because he was waiting for a long time. Later, Xu Xianfei ridiculed in "Entering Taizong" "coming to the mirror stage early, and the makeup is temporarily returned", which solved the misunderstanding. It turns out that dressing and dressing is a top priority of girls. When Xu Hui woke up in the morning, Xu Hui began to adjust the fat in front of the mirror. After taking care of it, she looked at it a few times, so it was impatient to dry Tang Taizong. Essence

Song Anonymous's "Pagoda Page", Boston Art Museum Collection

However, although Tang Taizong and other beauties were dressed up, in many Tang Dynasty literati, the beautiful lady Lin Jing was one of the most beautiful scenery among girlfriends. The beautiful woman took the mirror and wrote the beauty and Tang Jing into the love poem. In "The Song of the Beauty Comb", there is a beautiful beauty, "Shuangluan opened the mirror in the autumn water, and the concubine was linked to the elephant bed." The mirror in front of it is decorated with exquisite doubles and transmits the light of autumn water in the sun.

But the mirror is exquisite, and the people are called more beautiful. In Cui Yan's "Gift", the woman with "two faces from the mirror, and the spring water shines in the cold" woman has a pink cheeks, flashing a pair of agile eyes, bright and charming. But to say that the most required for makeup should also be Wang Wei's "Five Five Malls of Funno lyrics" in the fifth middle school: "Asahi Zhaoqi window, the beautiful lady makes a mirror. Positive. "The rising sun was rising, sitting in the mirror, Fu Fan Shi Zhu. After the makeup, after careful details, the makeup surface was not strong enough. Song (Biography) Su Hanchen's "Makeup Lady", Boston Art Museum Collection

Sure enough, the exquisiteness of girls is the habit of developing from ancient times. Even if the door is not lost, the two do not come out, they must clean themselves in the girlfriend. At the same time, the attention of makeup is also showing self and pursuing beauty. It is because of the beauty and beauty in front of the mirror to "see the beautiful appearance" (the mirror of the Tang Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty), the Datang woman will lead the leader in Chinese history Coquettish. To this day, it also affects the aesthetics of modern women.

2. "Bird" flying double -flying

In ancient China, the bronze mirror was mainly used in the boudoir. It was not only accompanied by beauty and tenderness, but also with joy and sadness. In ancient times, there were beauty to take the mirror, and there were "ladylike ladies, gentlemen are good". Because the light of the mirror can reflect everything, the ancients believed that mirrors could witness the minds of both parties in love and marriage, so they used mirrors as a symbol of love and marriage to express their sincere emotions.

Qing Anonymous's "Prince Yongzhu Church in the Templars of the Template, Mirror Axis" (partial), the National Museum Collection

Many bronze mirrors have a unique meaning. For example, the "Double 鸾" in the "Shuanglun Rui Beast Copper Mirror" displayed in the Wuzhong Museum has the meaning of love, and always connects the scenes such as love and acacia in poetry. If the bird's mouth is long, it will be the same as the "longevity", which has the implication of Qingshou and Xianshou. Rui Beast has different beautiful meanings in ancient times. For example, if the birds are accompanied by the birds and the lion, it means "the combination of heaven" and "auspicious Ruyi". In addition to 兽 and Swiss beasts, other birds often appear on the back of the mirror. For example, people often use the "mirror" to chant their husbands and wives: "The mirror is Linchun, and Yan is from far away." Essence

Tang Shuangyu Rui Beast Copper Mirror

0.9 cm high, 26.8 cm in diameter

Birds and Swiss beasts are often written into poems. From the "Beauty Give this Panlong Treasure Mirror, Candle and My Golden Robe" (Li Bai's "Second of the" Dai Beauty Sorrow Mirror "), the woman presented a mirror to the man's man; Treasure box is Zhu Jiji. He is given a gift today, and you know each other "(Qiao Zhizhi's" Ding Love "). In "Mirroring"), the newlywed mirror is true, and the long -lasting love is symbolized by the "Millennium Mirror". "Li Bai's" Second "of" Dai Beauty Sorrow Mirror "is the second). Tang Jing and poetry have witnessed the acquaintance, knowledge, love, and staying in each other.

Looking at the birds flying winged on the back of the mirror, maybe this is the ancient love of Cupid, which identifies the true heart of both men and women and guards the beautiful love at the same time. It seems that through the back of the mirror, we can dream back to Datang and feel the love between the talents of the Tang Dynasty.

3. "Broken Mirror Remaining" will meet again

Ming Anonymous "Thousands of Autumn" (partial, Princess Lechang), National Museum Collection

However, love can not always be sweet, and it is inevitable to encounter bumps and separation, as well as the ancients. In the Tang Dynasty Meng Rong's "Poetry · Emotion" recorded the moving story of "breaking the mirror":

During the southern dynasty, Princess Lechang and the horse Xu Deyan had no chance to meet after the country was broken, so they broke a bronze mirror and held half of them. After the death of the country, Princess Lechang fell into the family of Yang Su, the minister of the Sui Dynasty. However, he still missed his husband, and the fifteenth man in the first month came to the street to sell the mirror. Xu Deyan, who was reduced to the people, recognized the mirror and wrote a poem on the mirror: "People are mirror, separate from my mirror; although the mirror still exists, where does people go? After the poem, he was very sad. Later, Yang Su learned about this and was allowed to reunite with her husband. So, the two returned to Jiangnan with their heads.

Princess Lechang and Xu Deyan can "break the mirror and re -circle", but in the ancient times without WeChat and telephone, most of the lover after the separation of separation had no news, and could only leave a mirror at the time of separation, and sent the love in the mirror. If the own mirror has the symbol of marriage, then the crushing and separation of the mirror are parting of the husband and wife.

Du Mu sighed in "Broken Mirror": "The beautiful lady lost the first point of the hand, and the reunion of the reunion will be the king." The separation of ancient times is not like the present. Once separate, it is difficult to contact, "Breaking the Mirror Remaining" is the existence of Dahai's needle. Not only is Du Mu's trapped separately, Bai Juyi cannot get rid of Hongchen's concern. In his few love poems- "Sensing Mirror": "Beauty and me, leave the mirror in the box. . After years of unknown boxes, the red couples covered with bronze. When we wipe it now, I take a look at it. If I take a lot, I have a double dragon. "Bai Juyi is afraid of suffering, and dare not open the mirror box left by the beautiful woman, but After many years of opening, it was covered with dust. After wiping it gently, I found that in the mirror, I was already "gathered by Iraq", and I felt that "Panlong became a double person" on the back of the mirror.

History has gone, but the vitality of cultural relics is still there. In the world of love in Tang mirror, there are "Bi -wing double flying" in the love world of Tang mirror, and the departure of "breaking the mirror and re -circular". There are exciting first sights, and also record the loyalty of the husband and wife for life. Observe the mirror lines carefully, and inadvertently we are brought into the world in the mirror to move the love in the mirror. For the mirrors in our daily life, they seem to be just ordinary living utensils. But sometimes, the vitality and memory of objects are much longer than us. They serve our lives and record our lives. Protect the objects of our lives and cherish the people in front of us. Because the imprints left will rewrite the story between you and him/her ...

references:

· Li Jin "On the Decorative Aesthetic Features of the Tang Dynasty Bronze Mirror", Xi'an Academy of Fine Arts, 2020.

· Li Jin's "Brief description of the social role of the bronze mirror", "Modern Decoration (theory)", No. 7, 2012.

· Fan Jianqiu's "Brief description of mirror pattern style", "Journal of Sichuan Institute of Technology (Social Science Edition)", No. 6, 2004.

· Hou Bei "Tang Mirror Guan Datang -Xuancheng Museum Collection of Tang Dynasty bronze mirrors", "Cultural Relics Appraisal and Appreciation", No. 16, 2019.

· Wu Xiaohong's "Aesthetic Exploration of the" Mirror "image of Tang Poems", Journal of Luzhou College, No. 3, 2019.

· Chen Zenglu's "Wuzhong Museum Tour", Jiangsu Phoenix Literature and Art Publishing House, 2020.

· Sha Wei "The Tang Dynasty Fancy Copper Mirror with the Tang Dynasty", "Oriental Collection", No. 14, 2018.

· Shang Gang "Story: Tang Dynasty Bronze Mirror", Book City, No. 5, 2018.

· Mu Tiantian's "Research on the Lady Makeup Lady", "Peony", No. 23, 2018.

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