Make disease diagnosis and treatment accurately and efficient!People's Daily special focus on nuclear medical treatment

Not long ago, the world's first commercial pile carbon -14 radical production target parts were entered at the Qinshan Nuclear Nuclear Nuclear Nuclear Nuclear Nuclear Nuclear Power Third Factory 2 of China Nuclear Power Holdings. It began to supply the market in 2024, and the output can meet domestic demand.

In 2021, my country issued the "Medical Homerly Middle and Long -term Development Plan (2021-2035)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which is the first programmatic document released by nuclear technology in the field of medical and health applications. In the past year, the development of the "Planning" has accelerated the development of nuclear medicine in my country, the medicalotin supply guarantee system has been gradually established, radioactive new drugs and high -end diagnosis and treatment equipment have been accelerated, and a number of key core technologies have made breakthroughs, which has continuously met the people's growing health needs.

Nuclear medicine is the scientific application of nuclear technology in the medical field

The connection with people's lives is becoming more closely

Entering the China Institute of Atomic Energy Sciences of China Nuclear Group, the first domestic tight -type strong streaming accelerator for Cancer therapy for boron neutron capture (BNCT) is stepping up debugging. This equipment can be used in the treatment of diseases such as head and neck cancer, melanoma, osoma, breast cancer, etc., and can also produce radioactiveotin drugs such as deoxygrosis of fluorine 18. It is used for early diagnosis of cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. And it is expected to form an industrialization scale on high -end medical equipment, reduce treatment costs, and benefit the masses at nuclear science and technology.

In the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, PET/CT is running. Patients can be checked after about 1 hour in the injection demonstration. All scanning only takes 15-20 minutes, and the report can be obtained after 3 working days.

With the continuous expansion of nuclear technology in the medical field, the connection between nuclear medicine and people's lives is becoming increasingly closer. As an emerging discipline, nuclear medicine is a product of combining nuclear technology, electronic technology, computer technology, chemistry, physics, and biology. It is an important branch area for nuclear technology.

"Differentuxin with the same element of the same proton and different neutron numbers is the same as the isotopes of each other, and isotopes are divided into two types: stable isotope and radioactive isotopes. Nuclear medicine is a ray beam produced by radioactive isotope or accelerator for diagnosis and treatment. Science. "Liu Yuntao, director of the Institute of Nuclear Institute of Nuclear Institute of Atomic Energy, introduced that radioactin and nuclear radiation can be used for diagnosis, treatment and medical scientific research, but also for research on the principles of drug effects, measurement of drug activity, drug analysis and traditional Chinese medicine. Radiation sterilization and other aspects.

Du Jin, chief engineer of China Nuclear Group China Tongjie Co., Ltd., introduced that in the medical field, nuclear medicine has two main applications. One is nuclear medical imaging, including single -optical transmission computer fault imaging (SPECT) and positive electronic launch computers ( PET/CT) information that can obtain tissue or organ molecular levels without creating trauma is an important means to achieve early diagnosis of major diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Internal irradiation therapy is mainly to treat the alpha, β, gamma rays and other particulate beams generated by radioactive isotope.

Nuclear medicine has a history of more than 100 years, and my country ’s nuclear medicine started in the 1950s. In 1958, atomic Energy Hospitals used heavy water to study and pile 33 types of homosexin, and some domestic hospitals also successively held training courses for nuclear medicine. "At that time, the main responsibility of the training course was how the teachers used wasotopes and how to use the isotopes to diagnose human diseases." Tian Jiahe, a professor of nuclear medicine at the General Hospital of the General Hospital of the PLA.

Before the emergence of nuclear medical imaging, it is difficult to accurately position the position and size of the tumor block hidden in the patient's body. Today, doctors can use nuclear technology to "human camera" to open a micro -world and insight into various diseases. In 1995, my country's first PET was put into use. For more than 20 years, the equipment has been continuously updated. The dosage of the radioactive nuclein used is getting smaller and smaller, the scanning speed is getting faster and faster, and the imaging accuracy is getting higher and higher.

In terms of treatment, nuclear medicine was first used in the treatment of thyroid disease. Xu Baixuan, chief physician of the First Medical Center of the General Hospital of the PLA General Hospital, introduced: "The thyroid gland has a highly selective iodine iodine. A radioactive iodine -131 converged in the thyroid gland. Radiation, reducing the function of thyroxine secretion of thyroid gland to achieve the purpose of treating hyperthyroidism in thyroid function. "

"Another important use of iodine -131 treatment is auxiliary means for postoperative treatment of thyroid cancer, which can effectively reduce the risk of patient recurrence and metastasis." Xu Baixuan said, "With more new types of treatment of radioactive nuclein Development and application, nuclear medicine has played an increasingly important role in the treatment of some special tumors with its "integrated diagnosis and treatment '."

Nuclear medicine has the advantages of precise, efficient, small side effects and other advantages

It is developing in the direction of integrated diagnosis and treatment

"Let the" key 'marked with nuclein go straight to the corresponding' lock '. "" Lock "is a lesion, and" key "is a drug with radioactive isotopes. Medical "precise" characteristics.

In terms of diagnosis, imaging diagnosis such as CT and MRI is mainly to understand the structure of tissue and organs. The diagnosis of nuclear medicine is different, which can provide the function, blood flow and metabolic information of human molecular levels. Xu Baixuan said: "We want to know the mechanism of a disease, but this mechanism is often invisible to conventional images. And the use of nuclear medicine can be" tags' on this mechanism, and then via PET/CT to appear. Generally, in general, generally come. Generally, generally come. Generally, in general It is said that problems and metabolism problems are earlier than structural problems. "" For example, patients with tumors generally have changed in the structure of tissue and organs (such as increased density), and even patients have symptoms in clinical practice. After that, we can diagnose with conventional imaging. The advantage of nuclear medicine is that some diseases are still in the early stages. When the organizational science has not changed significantly, the drugs marked with radioactive nucleo to observe the functional metabolism of these organs, and then the functional metabolism of these organs is used. Can detect the disease early, "Du Jin said.

Tian Jiahe said: "Nuclear medicine can reflect the physiological, pathological and functional changes of human tissues at the molecular level, and play an important role in precise diagnosis and efficacy of diseases."

Nuclear medical examinations are usually non -invasive or minimally invasive, with small side effects and high accuracy of inspection. The radiation dose received by patients with a nuclear medical examination is equivalent to the dose of a CT examination. "Each radioactin used in nuclear medicine has undergone a lot of experiments before clinical applications, which confirms its safety in the body." Xu Baixuan said that most radioactivity usually discharged from the human body within a few hours from the human body. Or a lot of decline. In addition, in actual operation, professionals will also take various technologies and protection measures to reduce the effects of radiation. Therefore, nuclear medical examination is safe.

Integrated diagnosis and treatment has always been the direction of the efforts of the medical community, and nuclear medicine also has a unique advantage in this regard. "The same isotopes of the same element can be applied to diagnosis, and some can be applied to treatment. For example, the iodine -123 emitted γ -rays for single -optical sub -transmitting fault imaging diagnosis, iodine -124 can be used as positive electron emission Fracture imaging diagnosis, iodine -131 launch β -ray can be used for treatment. "Du Jin said that at present, nuclear medicine has shifted from a severe diagnosis to the integrated radioactive drugs of diagnosis and treatment.

Promote the close combination of research and development and clinical application

Let the nuclear technology better serve the health of China

Everyone is irradiated with various radiation at all times, including the natural base radiation brought about by the sky, mountains and rivers, and radioactive nucleo in the body, as well as airplanes, X -ray inspections, smoke, watch TV, watch TV, watch TV, watch TV, watch TV, watch TV, watch TV, and watch TV Waiting for extra radiation. "The radiation radiation received in daily life does not cause harm to the human body, and there is no need to worry too much. But the radiation source with certain specific uses hurts human health and should be avoided as much as possible." Tian Jiahe said.

Nuclear technology is not far from people. It is widely used in medical, agriculture, industry, aerospace, archeology, and exploration. At present, the application of domestic nuclear technology has developed rapidly, and a brand new high -tech industry has been formed. Radiation chemicals, food radiation, medical supplies and drug radiation sterilization disinfection, industrial electronic radiation accelerator, etc. Potential and development space.

After long -term development, the level of technical levels of my country's nuclear medical industry chain has been significantly improved, and technical capabilities have entered a new stage of running, running, and leading the coexistence of running, running, and leading. Liu Yuntao said that in addition to the development of nuclear medicine, some cutting -edge cancer therapy methods such as proton and heavy ion treatment technology are also the application of nuclear technology in medicine.

In September 2019, the Qinshan Nuclear Power of China Nuclear Group successfully filled the technology gap in the production of domestic medical cobalt -60s, ending the history of the long -term dependence of imported raw materials for medical cobalt -60 radiation sources in my country. "This is an iconic result in my country's nuclear medical care. The treatment of sodium iodide (iodine -131) capsules obtained a drug registration certificate, becoming the first domestic radioactive new drug that has been approved since 2005. The first new type of diagnosis and treatment integrated GMP -chlorinated (镥 — 177) solution was smoothly supplied to clinical ... … As a leading enterprise in the application industry of nuclear technology, China Nuclear Group China has achieved great results in industrial layout, scientific and technological innovation, and new product development in recent years.

"Facing the future, we must further enhance product innovation capabilities, promote the close combination of research and development and clinical application, break through key raw materials, core component preparation capabilities, strengthen industrial chain coordination and scientific research results transformation, build a high -level R & D platform, and make nuclear technology more more technology Well to serve health China. "Du Jin said.

Source: People's Daily

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