What is the end of the universe?A space telescope worth $ 10 billion, take these beautiful photos
Author:Daily Economic News Time:2022.07.13
How does the Big Bang happened? How far did the universe really extend? Is humans lonely in the universe? In the near future, the Hubble Telescope successor James Weber Space Telescope (JWST) may answer these questions, and now it has handed over the first answer sheet.
According to CCTV Finance reports, on July 11, local time, US President Biden announced the first full -color image taken by Weber Space Telescope through social media.
This photo is an image of the galaxy group, showing the clearest scene of the early universe after human began to explore the universe, and it is also the most distant cosmic deep -empty image taken by far.
It is reported that the cost of the Weber Space Telescope is 10 billion US dollars, which is the largest and most functional space telescope built by the American Aerospace Administration so far. Its main mirror diameter is 6.5 meters, consisting of 18 huge hexagonal lenses; with 5 floors can be launched, it can be launched Sunny board. The Weber Space Telescope launched a launch from French Guiyukuru Aerospace Center on December 25, 2021. One month later, it entered the rails around the second Laglang day point around the Ragram system, about 1.5 million kilometers from the earth.
"Weber Space Telescope" worth $ 10 billion
The first five photos were officially announced
According to interface news, on July 12, Eastern Time, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) announced the first five images taken by James Weber space telescope. This batch of images covers the most cutting -edge research fields of astronomy such as deep air galaxies, dense galaxies, permeable nebula, and outer planets.
These five photos are SMACS 0723 galaxy groups, ship base big nebula, Stephen's five-fold galaxy, south ring nebula, and exterior planet WASP-96B.
The image of the SMACS 0723 galaxy group is by far the deepest space and the clearest distant universe. The near -infrared camera of the Weber telescope takes 12 hours, refreshing the record of the previous Hubble Space Telescope.
SMACS 0723 galaxy group. Picture source NASA
The SMACS 0723 galaxy group includes thousands of galaxies. Its huge quality of gravitational lens lens effects significantly bent the light of more distant galaxies, and forms lens -like distortion in the center of the image. This is also the most intuitive manifestation of Einstein's general theory of relativity. In this photo, the Weber telescope even captured the image of 13.1 billion years ago, which is also the early cosmic picture of the universe explosion only 1 billion years later.
The ship base is large, also known as the NGC 3372 is one of the largest stars in the night sky. It is more than four times larger than the famous Orion. It is 7,600 light years from the earth. The most famous celestial body within the nebula is the Southern Hemisphere Liangxing Haishan Two (that is, the base of the ship) and the key Kong Xingyun.
The base of the ship. Picture source NASA
The permeable nebula is also the cradle of the birth of a star. In essence, the nebula composed of thin gases and dust continues to shrink under the action of gravity, and eventually successfully stimulates hydrogen polytage. A star's embryo -the original star was born. Through the multi -band research of the permeable nebula, it helps to understand the birth process of the star system.
The photo was shot by the Weber telescope's near -infrared camera (Nircam) and the Miri camera (Miri).
Stephen's Pentagon is located in the Malaysia. It is currently the most well -known dense (four -in -four) galaxy group, 290 million light years from the earth.
Stephen's five -heavy galaxy. Picture source NASA
The image provided by the Weber Space Telescope has 150 million pixels and provides rich details of the Miyi Galaxy group. The gravitational effects of the four neighboring galaxies make the gas and dust inside the galaxy being thrown out of the galaxy. The disturbing gas dust is also the cradle of the star.
Astronomers expect that the Sihe galaxy group will eventually merge into a super -galaxy. The merger process of galaxies has a reference significance for the merger of the Milky Way and the Fairy Grand Galaxy in the future. In most cases, the merger of the galaxy also represents the merger of the two large large -scale black holes, and it is also a popular issue for gravitational wave research. It has been confirmed that the brightest galaxy NGC 7319 core among the Sihezhi Mantra Group has a large black hole with 24 million times the quality of the solar.
Southern Ring Xingyun. Picture source NASA
The South Ring Nebula, also known as the eight -crack Nebula, is a planetary nebula in the sailing seat, about 2500 light years from the earth.
Different from the pervasive nebula of the birth of the stars, the planetary nebula is composed of the gas and dust shell sprayed by the stars that are erupted by the twilight. The most famous planetary nebula is Taurus's crab -shaped nebula.
The Weber Space Telescope showed more details of the South Ring Nebula and the special structure of the dust shell through infrared bands. For example, among the two sets of pictures of the South Ring Nebula, the first photo was taken through near -infrared cameras, and the second photo was taken through the Chinese -infrared camera. Among the first photos, the nebula center can only see a star, which is the twilight white dwarf that erupted the planetary nebula; the second star can be clearly observed in the second photo, which is still in the early stage of evolution.
Southern Ring Xingyun. Picture source NASA
WASP-96 B is one of the more than 5,000 solar system foreign planets that have been confirmed in the Milky Way. It is located in a Phoenix seat from 1150 light years away from the earth. It is impossible to have a life similar to the earth, but the Weber telescope shows its excellent planet's atmospheric spectral analysis ability through this image. The Weber telescope carried out the most detailed near-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-96 B through the near-infrared imaginger and Niriss of WasP-96 B through the near-infrared imaginger and Niriss, which clearly found evidence of water in the atmosphere. Weber telescope also has spectral analysis capabilities of other key molecules such as oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide. In the next service, Weber telescope will conduct more spectral analysis of giant giant stars, ground planets, and ice superstars.
25 years burning $ 10 billion
James Weber telescope is hailed as the largest, most complicated, and most powerful space telescope created by humans so far. The James Weber telescope project was launched in 1996. It was originally called "Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST)". It was changed to the current name in 2002 to commemorate the second director of the National Space Administration, James Weber ( James Webb) The key leadership role played in the Apollo plan.
The James Weber telescope was jointly developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA), the European Space Administration (ESA) and the Canadian Astronautics Agency (CSA). It was carefully designed and built by thousands of scientists and engineers. One of the most expensive scientific platforms built. At 20:20 on December 25, 2021, Beijing time, the Weber telescope used Alian-5 large carrier rockets to launch at the French Guyan Kuruku Aerospace Launch Center.
On January 24 this year, it successfully entered the tracking track around the second Laglang day point around the sun and the ground system. As the well -known Hubble Space Telescope and the heirs of the Historic Space Telescope, it shoulders the study of the first generation of stars, the formation and evolution of the galaxy, the formation of the star and the planet of the star system after the Big Bang Essence
Picture source NASA
According to surging news, in the past 7 months, James Weber Space Telescope has been adjusting instruments to prepare for the secret of the universe.
As an optical telescope, the main mirror of the Weber telescope is a gold -plated pheasant reflector with a diameter of 6.5 meters, with a total area of 25.4 square meters, which is more than 6 times that of the predecessor Hubble Telescope. Compared with Hubble, the Weber telescope has a longer wavelength coverage, and the sensitivity and resolution are also greatly improved, which can supplement and expand the discovery of the Hubble telescope.
Picture Note: Comparison of the size of the main mirror of the Hubble telescope and the Weber telescope
Picture source: NASA
Due to the expansion of the universe, the visible light and ultraviolet light from the early glowing body of the universe have been stretched and spread in the form of infrared. Although Hubble also has an infrared observation ability, it mainly uses visible light and ultraviolet wavelength to observe the universe.凭借强大的综合科学模块（ISIM）——近红外相机(NIRCam）、近红外光谱仪(NIRSpec)、精细制导传感器/近红外成像无缝隙光谱仪(FGS/NIRISS)、中红外仪(MIRI)，韦伯望远镜The formation and evolution of the first celestial bodies that appear after the Big Bang of the Universe will be observed. Conditions for reproduction.
The lens of the Weber telescope. Picture source NASA
At present, scientists have remained silent about Weber telescope. Klaus Pontoppidan, a scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute (Space Telescope Science Institute), said in an interview with a reporter from the British Science Website (www.phys.org): "We really hope this is this. It is a surprise. "He added that the reason for the confidentiality was that the first batch of observation targets had not yet been finalized.
However, NASA and its partner European Aerospace Agency (ESA) and Canada Aerospace Agency (CSA) have set up a committee to create a list of observation celestial bodies, and they plan to conduct orderly observations in this order.
According to Pomopidan, although the Weber Wangyuan Mirror team has previously released a series of star images for calibration, new photos will be the goal of celestial physics, which will become the key to deepening human understanding of the universe.
Weber telescope and
What is the difference between Guizhou FAST Telescope?
According to Tencent Space, Fast Telescope, located in Guizhou, my country, is commonly known as the "Sky Eye" telescope, has a caliber of 500 meters, but Fast Telescope is a foundation telescope, mainly working in the radio power band (wavelength of 0.1 meters to 4.3 meters). Due to the better transparency of the atmosphere on the radio power band, this type of telescope work well on the ground. The Wabbu telescope is an infrared telescope. The water vapor and carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere have a strong absorption of infrared. Therefore, it is necessary to launch to the space to observe, and the complexity and cost index increase.
"China Sky Eye" panorama (drone photo). Xinhua News Agency reporter Ou Dongyou Photo
According to the plan, my country will launch the "Sky Tour" optical cabin with the space station with the space station in 2023. This is known as the Chinese version of the Hubble Telescope. The telescope is the largest and most advanced space astronomical telescope in my country so far. Essence
According to relevant reports, the optical cabin of the "Sky Tour" is equipped with a optical telescope with a caliber of 2 meters, which is comparable to Hubble, about 0.15 cents, but the field is more than 300 times that of Hubble, which means that its sky patrol efficiency is efficient higher. It is estimated that if you have been on the track for 10 years, you can observe more than 40%of the sky, and we look forward to constantly refreshing our understanding of the universe.
Edit | Cheng Peng Du Hengfeng
School pair | Duan Lian
Cover picture source: NASA official website
Daily Economic News integrated from CCTV Finance, Tencent Space, Interface News, Surging News
Daily Economic News
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