Blockchain boost digitalization and ecological development

Digital transformation is the foundation and guarantee of ecological and high -quality development. In the context of dual carbon targets, digital technology provides a strong driving force for my country to fight pollution prevention, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, improve the quality of ecosystems, and promote economic development. Digitalization and ecology are closely related, while blockchain further promotes the coordinated development of digitalization and ecology.

Prospects

As an emerging digital technology, the blockchain has an important impact on reshaping the operating model of the industrial ecology and even social organizations. As a chain data structure, the blockchain can realize data storage, transportation, encryption and other functions during the use, and it is almost impossible to be tampered with and forged. At the same time, smart contracts are an important feature of the blockchain, which can greatly improve business efficiency and greatly reduce costs.

In terms of digital transformation, the merger of blockchain and intelligent manufacturing is widely used. First of all, using point -to -point networking technology and hybrid communication protocols, the blockchain can effectively handle the communication synchronization of communication between heterogeneous equipment. , Thus greatly improving network security. Secondly, the blockchain reduces the demand for centralized data centers, thereby saving the cost of construction and maintenance, and can timely feedback the status of various equipment in the network. It can effectively collect and analyze the producers and other components generated by all sensors and other components. Information, and use big data analysis to optimize production decisions. Finally, the traceability and non -tampering of the blockchain ledger ensure the authenticity and consistency of the records of manufacturing and supervision. Through the on -chain method, it is convenient to find problems, tracking problems, solving problems, optimization management, extremely extremely. It greatly improves the security and reliability of the industry. It should be pointed out that the combination of blockchain and artificial intelligence is not particularly perfect now, but also a subject that needs to be overcome in the next step.

In terms of ecological and high -quality development, blockchain plays an important role in the monitoring, emission reduction, deduction, and transaction of carbon. Carbon emissions transactions are currently considered to be able to effectively control carbon dioxide emissions and achieve good means of resource optimization and distribution. Blockchain can collect carbon emissions data from various enterprises through IoT devices, and manage carbon emission data, carbon asset quota, transaction, and reward and punishment mechanism for emissions. The transaction path is effectively tracking through the blockchain to ensure the carbon transaction process. Transparent and credible. In addition, privacy computing can ensure that data sharing data with regulators and other participants within the scope of permission permits, which is convenient for relevant parties to conduct inquiries and inspection, which greatly improves the transparency and credibility of the transaction process.

Risk challenge

Scientific and technological progress is a necessary prerequisite for promoting human development and social progress. Blockchain should serve social progress, but this process is also accompanied by risks and challenges. This risk may be caused by the defects of the blockchain technology itself, or it may be caused by lack of effective management.

These risks and challenges are specifically manifested in the following aspects. First, at the technical level, the security of the public key algorithm and hash algorithm of the blockchain comes from mathematics difficulty. With the development of quantum computing, the current effective encryption algorithm may be cracked. In addition, the virtual machine of a smart contract runs on various nodes of the blockchain, accepting and deploying smart contract code from nodes. If there are certain vulnerabilities or incomplete restriction mechanisms in the virtual machine, it is possible to run malicious from the attacker Smart contract. Second, at the data level, because the blockchain data is difficult to replace, delete, and tampered with, it may cause malicious information to be spread and abused after writing. Third, at the application level, there are also abuse of blockchain. For example, using cryptocurrencies to engage in dark network transactions and fundraising fraud. This brings severe challenges to the application of blockchain. Fourth, at the main level of operation, decentralize the concept of national supervision. The huge base of cryptocurrency users will be large, which will impact the national monetary and foreign exchange policies. The distributed and cross -regional characteristics of the blockchain are a huge challenge for the traditional regulatory methods that need to rely on market entities to establish regulatory objects. At the same time, the non -state department operates a large number of user information or causes data privacy issues.

The above -mentioned issues are required to seek a centralized and decentralized balance point for national and regulatory agencies. We must use technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data to improve the real -time nature of collection, integration, and sharing supervision data, realize the decentralization of supervision, improve supervision efficiency, and reduce the cost of supervision. At the same time Establish a regulatory system to improve the accuracy of identification risks and the effectiveness of preventing risks. Blockchain should become a help to promote the progress of the world, and should not become an obstacle to blocking development. The unity of respecting and realizing the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit is an important task in the development of the blockchain.

Path Selection

At present, many countries are accelerating the layout of the blockchain, and its applications have extended to the Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing, supply chain management, digital finance, digital asset transactions and other fields. In this regard, we must actively promote the innovation and development of blockchain and related industries, and accelerate the application of blockchain in the development of digital and ecological integration.

The first is to correctly use "blockchain+" to promote high -quality development of ecologicalization. First, use blockchain to excite the vitality of the market for live carbon trading. First, use the blockchain to record the multi -node network in the carbon market. This can not only improve efficiency and data accuracy. The carbon asset development method based on smart contracts can reduce the cost of carbon asset development and management costs, further reduce the development time of carbon assets, and the entire process is open and transparent. By creating a consensus network, you can ensure the traceability of information, thereby avoiding problems such as quota loss and repeated transactions. Secondly, the data decentralization and openness of the data of the blockchain enable the traceability of carbon emissions with each transaction information to achieve, and it can avoid the risk of data being tampered with at will. Finally, regardless of the size of the enterprise, the blockchain can make the emissions of each enterprise have asset characteristics. This will help reduce the entry threshold of the carbon trading market, actively mobilize the subjective initiative of small and medium -sized enterprises in energy reform, and continuously stimulate the vitality of the market subject. Second, the "blockchain+Internet of Things" is used for industrial environmental monitoring. The use of IoT technology can be collected and monitored in real time for monitoring and monitoring data of various sources such as corporate pollution emission terminal equipment and systems. The application of the blockchain on the source data can avoid the falsification of the data of the upper chain link. The blockchain enables monitoring data to trace the entire process of transportation to the entire process of transportation, rely on encrypted technology to protect corporate data privacy and direct regulatory authorities. Based on blockchain and the Internet of Things technology, data cannot be faked tampering, and the problem of fake environmental data may be eradicated. At the same time, relying on upper -chain technology can monitor the entire process of enterprise waste treatment and resource recovery and reuse. In addition, enterprises can carry out the "zero carbon expert" and "carbon neutralist" certification, forming the internal carbon neutralization and equity statement and certification voluntary emission reduction certification. In the future, it may be linked to finance to establish a "carbon account" to enrich financial service scenarios and enhance the awareness of green consumption of the whole people. The second is to correctly use blockchain to promote digital transformation. First, the blockchain is used for internal management and external collaboration. First of all, the use of blockchain to fully analyze the various types of data of the enterprise operation, and realize the interconnection of all life cycle data from production, transportation to sales. Secondly, use blockchain to strengthen corporate data privacy protection. Finally, use the blockchain to break the information barrier and accelerate the circulation of data elements. Second, use blockchain to eliminate information asymmetry and explore new industrial operation mechanisms. Relying on the unable tampering, traceability and other characteristics of the blockchain, combine the Internet of Things and cloud computing, to create a service -oriented infrastructure combined with cloud chains, and build a new stage of digital economy with a multi -party co -governance, fairness and trustworthiness. Innovate the production and consumption model of digital -driven digital drive, forming an information architecture with product information flow as the main body, production, logistics, sales, and capital flow, so as to eliminate information asymmetry, aggregate dispersed information, and continuously improve the operating efficiency of the industrial chain enterprise operation efficiency , Create a new mechanism for the digital economy. Third, use "blockchain+digital twin" to strengthen the sense of carbon emissions. Realize carbon neutrality and require the entire industrial chain -the transportation, raw material transportation, production processing, packaging, logistics, sales, and waste disposal -can all achieve carbon neutrality. It is necessary to understand the carbon row ratio of each link, through the "blockchain+digital twin" technology, build a carbon asset map of the enterprise, strengthen the visualization of carbon emissions, carbon distribution, and carbon flow, excavate high carbon discharge links, formulate targets for targeting Sexual emission reduction strategy.

The third is to strengthen the top -level design of blockchain applications and supervision. First, a flexible regulatory mechanism is established, the supervision system is constructed in high -risk industries, important areas and application scenarios, the supervision of standards for standardization of standards, industry organizations, and state institutions is established, and a top -down unified hierarchical regulatory agency is established. Second, strengthen the construction of the legal system, strengthen financial governance, and prevent monetary risks. Make up legal content for information transaction data flow, international transaction, and tax collection. Third, accelerate its own blockchain research and development, strengthen social governance blockchain applications, build trusted society, promote the construction of digital transformation and ecological development of economic and social development, and improve the level of regulatory cognition and supervision. Fourth, relying on the national economic and social credit system, combined with the national digital infrastructure system, the public welfare supply and demand matching services are established; at the same time, strengthen the application of blockchain applications in the western region, reduce wind and abandon electricity, and strengthen reuse. Fifth, strengthen the development of the blockchain service network (BSN). BSN is regarded as "the Internet of the blockchain", which can reduce the cost of development, deployment, interoperability, operation and maintenance, and supervision of blockchain applications, thereby making the blockchain develop and popularize rapidly.

The fourth is to actively promote the construction of political, enterprises, and civil cooperation communication and governance mechanisms. First, actively promote government and enterprise collaboration. Using the technological advantages of large enterprises, government departments integrate resources, and promote the reasonable circulation of business, information and resources in terms of social management, social services, social security, and social supervision. Second, promote the interaction between the government and the public. Give full play to the role of blockchain autonomous subjects, introduce extensive participation and supervision of the public, and strengthen the management of blockchain users, participants, and communicators. Third, the public interests of the government, enterprises, and people are balanced, and a close -related symbiotic relationship is formed.

(Author unit: China Forestry Ecological Development Promotion Association Ecological Development Research Institute; University of Science and Technology of Hong Kong)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Li Qun Wang Yang

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