China Violations Day | "Science" scientific examination ship: mobile laboratory that galloped deep -sea ocean

God, entering the earth, and going to the sea are the common dreams of all human beings. The ocean is the area with the largest coverage of the earth, but it is the area with the least human cognition. Our exploration and research areas of the ocean account for only about 5%of the entire ocean, inferior to the perception of space.

The exploration and research on the ocean can only be "sighing the ocean" without modern marine equipment. From Zheng He's goal to the west and Columbus to start the era of great navigation, to the British "Challenger" Global Ocean Investigation, "Alvin" manned deep submarine for deep sea detection, and then to the "Struggler" manned submersible The pace of human exploration of the ocean has never stopped.

"Struggler" manned deep submarine (picture source: China Shipbuilding Group)

"If you want to be good, you must first benefit your instrument." As an important platform for marine exploration and research, scientific investigations play an irreplaceable role in comprehensive marine detection and research. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major strategic deployment of the construction of marine powers and opened a new era of marine technology development.

As a scientific scientific ship, the "Science" science ship has witnessed the glorious course of the rapid development of marine technology in the new era in the new era, and wrote a new chapter in galloping deep ocean.

Video source: Institute of Ocean, Chinese Academy of Sciences, editing: Zhongke Sea Impression

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Science "rides the wind and waves (Picture Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Following the "eldest son" of scientific inspection ships in the new era

Before the "Science" service, there was no special design of the marine scientific inspection of marine science in my country. Most of the ships were upright or straight forward. For the transformation of the ship, the sea -related inspection activities are still in the stage of "what are the use".

With the continuous improvement of my country's comprehensive national strength and the implementation of the deployment of marine power strategies, higher requirements have also been put on the profound maritime scientific survey capabilities. Focusing on the far -reaching scientific survey activities, the demand for creating a new generation of ocean -ocean comprehensive examination ships is becoming more and more urgent. Under such an era, the "Science" responded to the "visitors" of a new generation of scientific survey ships.

"Science" is the finishing touch of the dragon (picture source: the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

During the design stage of the plan, the design team accommodated the captain and scientist of scientific examination ships with rich experience in sea. The need for scientific research needs, the Chinese Ship and Marine Engineering Design Research Institute transformed these needs into ship parameters for designing, and finally came up with a set of specialized sets of specialized specialties. The "short -width" ship -shaped plan designed for the deep -sea science inspection was built in 2010 by Wuchang Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., which was officially delivered in 2012.

The "Science" marine science ship is known as the "eldest son" of the New China Epoch -making Marine Inspection Ship, which carries the dream of several generations of Chinese marine science and technology workers. After the "Science" was put into operation, the excellent performance was unanimously recognized by the industry. Subsequently, the sister ship of "Science" [1] "Xiangyang Red 01", "Xiangyanghong 03", "Oriental Red 3" and other sciences Investigating ships have been put into use in succession, and have made important contributions to the improvement of the ability of maritime scientific survey in my country.

Excellent performance builds a maritime science laboratory

The "Science" has a total length of 99.80 meters, a width of 17.80 meters, a depth of 8.90 meters, a total tonnage of 4711, a battery life of 15,000 nautical miles, and 80 members. It has global navigation capabilities and all -weather observation capabilities. It meets the needs of unlimited aviation areas. Advanced scientific test boat.

The "Science" adopts a pod -type power promotion system, equipped with two side push -side push, 360 -degree surround driving platform, drone cabin and one -person driving bridge building. The advanced pod-type power promotion system and the two push-side pushing systems form the first domestic DP-1 power positioning system for scientific survey ships in China. It has excellent manipulation performance and greatly improves the accuracy of scientific investigation activities.

"Science" pod -type power promotion system (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

In response to underwater acoustic detection behavior, the "Science" optimizes the nasal nose in the design and is equipped with the lid of the liquid fin board and the push -side push slot channel, which can provide a low noise acoustic detection environment. The "Science" has a rear deck of about 500 square meters, which can easily carry various scientific survey equipment, providing more possibilities for the far -reaching scientific survey, and also provides a platform foundation for comprehensive survey of multidisciplinary. The "Discovery" underwater cable control robot on the "Discovery" on the "Science" (Picture Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences)

The front and rear deck can provide 5 container bits, which has effectively promoted the modular development of scientific survey equipment, shortened the time of ship preparation and equipment debugging, and improved the scientific inspection efficiency within the unit time.

The "Science" integrated water body detection system, atmospheric detection system, underwater detection system, deep -sea extreme environment detection system, remote sensing information on -site confirmation system, ship carrier experiment, and ship carrier network are equipped with 4500 meters "Discovery" ROV A variety of international advanced detection equipment, with high -precision and long -term dynamic environment, geological environment, ecological environment and other comprehensive marine observations, detection, and on -site sampling and analysis capabilities, are known as the "Maritime Mobile Lab".

"Science" ship carrier detection and test system schematic diagram (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

The strength team builds a high -quality deep -sea survey platform

Different from ordinary ships [2], there are three departments on the "Science": the deck, the head of the turbine, and the carrier laboratory.

The deck is like a human brain, responsible for the formulation and implementation of ship navigation instructions, and cooperates with the completion of maritime scientific investigation activities. It consists of the captain, political commissar, large deputy, two deputy, three deputy, duty sailors and kitchen departments.

The turbine department is like a human leg, with the ship's sailing instructions to provide motivation for ship navigation, and provide maintenance and technical support for the entire ship machinery and electrical equipment. Electric officer and duty work.

The ship carrier laboratory is like a person's hands, relying on the advanced scientific survey equipment carried by the "Science" to complete the missile scientific investigation task. It consists of chief scientist, director of the carrier laboratory, engineering technicians, and members of the sea.

"Science" various departments of the department (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

The Chinese Academy of Sciences ’Ocean Examination fleet took the lead in putting forward the slogan of" professionals in the maritime survey activities ". Over the years, it has trained a deck, the division department, and the carrier laboratory. The investigation team has formed the operation and basic sample collection of the equipment and basic samples during the completion of the scientific investigation process of engineering and technical personnel, and more energy to invest in the sample processing of sample processing. Essence

"Science" staff group photo (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

Ten years of running deep -sea survey fruit

In the past ten years of operation, the "Science" scientific examination ship has undertaken a number of major national scientific research projects, focusing on deep -sea exploration research, key core technologies and major scientific issues to implement nearly 50 far -reaching sea surveys, across the equator ten times, and accumulate safe sailing safely. For more than 2000 days, more than 300,000 nautical miles, more than 1,500 people provided by dozens of universities and scientific research institutes across the country, providing an important maritime technical support platform for the development of far -sea research, safeguarding national marine rights and interests, and exploring deep water resources. Promote my country's marine scientific survey capabilities and research levels to the forefront of the world.

"Discovery" ROV carried out deep -sea scientific detection (Picture Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Relying on the "Science" science ship, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean was the first to build a first -class international far -sea comprehensive detection and research system, breaking through the 10,000 -meter deep -sea fixed -point detection, 6000 meters deep sea detection and sampling, 4500 -meter deep sea precision detection and sampling, 1000 1000 Key technologies such as navigation detection, 30 -meter -long sedimentation core, and 20 -meter -long rock core selection of the rice water body have achieved "go, see clear, adopt, measure, complete function, use all, use all, use it, use it all, use it, use it, use it, use it, and use it. "Starting" goal.

For the first time in China, the detection technology system of "macro and micro, navigation and fixed point, gradient and in -situ", with three -dimensional synchronization and accurate development of comprehensive detection and sample collection capabilities of deep -sea terrain, submarine environment, and water environment. The resolution of the underwater terrain detection reaches centimeter level, and realizes the leap of "indoor simulation experiments → Marine Mobile Lab → Deep Sea Original Lab"; The scientific ideas of "moving the laboratory to the bottom of the sea" lead to leading my country's far -sea exploration and experimental capabilities into the ranks of advanced countries in the world.

The "Science" conducts the fixed experiment of deep -sea biological in situ (picture source: the Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

Taking the "Science" as the platform, focusing on the major scientific issues of the deep -sea extreme environment such as the Western Pacific cold spring, thermal fluid, and the sea mountains, a series of original results and major breakthroughs have been achieved. To overcome the real -time problems of the deep -sea submarine label data, the world's largest internationally western Pacific real -time scientific observation network was built, and the deep -sea detection turned from "video playback" to "live broadcast".

"Discovery" shot of the sea underwater spray port (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

Internationally took the lead in carrying out the in -situ detection of the fluid temperature gradient of thermal jet port, and obtained the temperature section of more than 30 thermal jet ports (the maximum temperature of 383.3 ° C), and for the first time in my country's South China Sea, the "combustible ice" exposed on the bottom of the sea was found. More than 6,000 large -scale biological samples of more than 6,000 numbers were collected, and 1 new subject, 1 new Asian family, 13 new genus, 128 new species were found, and more than 8,000 deep -sea microorganisms were obtained. In my country, the largest samples of deep -sea biological samples and the only deep -sea large -scale large -scale nutritional biological biological library with the largest samples and species so far. Deep -sea biological sample collected by "Science" (Picture Source: Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Collect more than 3 tons of deep -sea geological samples, obtaining the first ultra -long sedimentary sample (16.01 meters) with the first domestic posture and orientation information to promote my country's deep -sea ocean research among the forefront of the world.

The "Science" conducts deep -sea submarine label distribution operations (picture source: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean)

In the international community, the marine scientific research across the equator has also received high attention. Among them, the "Nature" magazine reports and commented on the "Science" and the improvement of my country's marine science investigation. Another 600 years later. " With the help of the "Science" major country, scientific researchers crossed the equator and moved towards the deep sea, and continuously expanded the cognitive level of the western Pacific waters and advanced to a wider sea area.

Produced: Popular Science China

Author: Jiang Ruhan Wang Min (Institute of Ocean, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Producer: China Science Popularization Expo

Remark:

[1] Sister ships are the same type, or almost the same design ship as another ship. These vessels have a nearly the same hull and upper -layer building layout, similar displacement and roughly equivalent functions and equipment.

[2] Freight vessels are mostly divided into decks and turbines.

The China Science Popularization Expo is the Science Popular Science Platform of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is sponsored by the Computer Network Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Relying on the high -end scientific resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it is committed to spreading cutting -edge scientific knowledge and providing fun science and education services.

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