The belonging of the fairy, the distant relative or the neighbor?Hubble tells you the answer

Hubble and his galaxy universe

In black and white photos, Edwin Hubble is smoking

Who is Edwin Hubble?

Edwin Hubble is an astronomer. He was born on November 20, 1889. Today he is the 132nd birthday. The famous Hubble Space Telescope is named after his name. He helped us define modern universe.

Hubble studied at the University of Chicago, but he was versatile in science. In order to fulfill his commitment to his father, he studied the law again. At the same time, he is also a heavyweight amateur boxer, but it is said that he has given up the opportunity to become a professional player. After that, as a graduate student, he returned to the Yekai Observatory of Wisconsin to conduct scientific research. In 1919, Hubble accepted the position of the famous Wilson Observatory in California, and he had been working there when he died in 1953. Shortly before Hubble's death, he used the Haier telescope at the Paloma Observatory near San Diego, California. He was the first astronomer to use this new telescope. At that time, the 200 -inch (5.1 meters) Haier telescope was the largest telescope in the world.

Hubble helped astronomers realize that we live in a universe, and each galaxy in it is far from each other. This discovery has been known as the law of Hubble for many years. Simply put, the law shows that the farther the galaxy is, the faster the speed away from us. This is the core of our modern universe. The entire universe includes space, time, and events that they were born in a big bang.

In 2008, the International Astronomical Federation (IAU) unanimously decided to rename Hubble's law to Hubble Lema Special Division. The following changes will be introduced in detail.

In the background of black, there are blurred multi -color spots and white texts up and down. This picture is a deep field in Hubble released in 2012. Outside our galaxy, almost every light spot above is an independent galaxy.

Edwin Hubble's special status in the history of astronomy

One hundred years ago, most astronomers believed that the entire universe was composed of only one galaxy: that is, our galaxy. In the 1920s, Hubble first realized that there was an galaxy universe outside the border of the galaxy. It seemed at the time, how incredible it was.

Edwin Hubble found the nebula called the fairy at the hazy light spot. Specifically, Hubble observed the changing stars, and their brightness is variable. He measured the time when the stars and darkness changed. From the time of light, he calculated the inherent brightness of the stars, so he could calculate the distance. At that time, he realized that the galaxy in this nebula was actually far away from us, so far that it did not exist in our galaxy.

At that time, many astronomers believed that the fairy's nebula existed on the edge of the Milky Way and was a "solar system" that was formed. Hubble proves that this bright spot belongs to another galaxy. Thanks to Hubble, let's know the fairy's galaxy. It is also the closest vortex galaxy away from us outside the galaxy.

Fairy Galaxy

The fairy galaxy is located about 2.5 million light years outside the galaxy. We also know that there are other galaxies in space around the space. For people in the 1920s, this was an inspiration of thought. When the writers learned that the vortex nebula like a fairy nebula was an independent galaxy, our awareness of the universe was wider.

Among the many stars, it has a spin -like vortex oval shape, bright center, and there are two bright light spots next to it.

Fairy landline galaxies and two satellite galaxies are observed through powerful telescopes. In Hubble's era, astronomers believed that the celestial body was located in our own galaxy. And Hubble uses a variety of stars called Father -in -law to show that the fairy galaxy is an island of a star in the universe, which exists outside the Milky Way. The image comes from the National Optical Observatory.

Enter the expansion universe.

But is this huge universe static, inflated, or shrinking?

This answer involves the light of the entire galaxy. Astronomers have observed the phenomenon of red shifts of the remote galaxy. They infer that this red shift is the signal of this galaxy away from our signal. Hubble and his colleagues compared the distance from the estimation value with the red shift of other galaxies. On March 15, 1929, Hubble announced his discovery that the closest galaxy was far away from us from the farthest galaxy.

This is the first understanding of Hubble's law.

Albert Einstein is said to be very happy to hear Hubble's discovery. Einstein's theory of relativity implies that the universe is either expanded or contracted. However, Einstein himself did not agree with this view. On the contrary, he is more inclined to accept the universe as a still and eternal view.

Einstein accepted the idea when Hubble's evidence of the expansion of the universe. He claimed that he insisted on the old concept was "the biggest mistake."

Edwin Hubble sat alone in a large optical telescope.

Edwin Hubble was in the observed pipeline at the top of the 200 -inch telescope of Paro Mal Mount. People think that telescope is a scientific and technological achievement used in 1948, just like today's Hubble Space Telescope. The picture is provided by Wilson and Palomar Observatory/AIP.

Renovate Edwin Hubble's Law to Harbrema's Law

In late October 2018, members of the International Astronomy Federation voted to decide to rename Hubble's law to Hubelma's law. This change is due to the pastor of Belgium and astronomer George Lemat. Of the 4060 astronomers (about 11072 qualified members) with voting rights, 78%of them agreed with this change. In the 1920s, in the first two years he announced, George Limat proposed how the expansion of the universe caused the galaxy to stay away from the earth at a proportion of the galaxy. Lemat is a Belgian Catholic pastor, mathematician, astronomer, and a professor of physics at the Rwanda Catholic University. Before Hubble, he described the relationship between the recession of the galaxy and the distance between it.

Because of his achievements, Lemat was widely known among professional astronomers and scientific history students. Elizabeth Gibni wrote in the "Nature" magazine on October 30, 2018, talking about the recognition of Lematt by the International Astronomical Federation;

Former Secretary -General of the International Astronomical Federation (IAU) Piero Benzti has proposed to be renamed. But he told Nature Magazine that the new term was just a suggestion and proposed that if people continue to use the name of Hubble's law, no one will oppose it.

We will track whether astronomers and their students will slowly use Hubble Lema's laws, not the law of Hubble. In November 2018, shortly after IAU voted, Google Browser queried 119,000 search results about the name. So far, there are still not many search results about "Hubble Lema's Law".

From "Nature" we can learn more: Belgian priests in Hubble's Law changed their names

George Lemat wears a black hat and glasses

In 1927, Rev. Belgian and astronomer George Lemat published an article about the expansion of the universe. The image is through Emilio Siegre visual file/AIP/SPL/Nature.

The important thing is that the emergence of Edwin Hubble changed our concept. He discovered that there are many other galaxies outside our galaxy, and the farther away from the galaxy, the faster the speed away from us. Therefore, the Hubble Space Telescope is named after his name.

By: Deborah byrd

Fy: Zhou Yueyue

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