Under the cliff, she will show off in the hidden century

Text ｜ "China Science News" trainee reporter Yang Chen

Plants under the cliff confession

In a canyon in Jiulong County, Sichuan, the south slope of Gongga Shanshan, the century -old sharp -toothed spear "appeared" again. This is the characteristic of the living group again by the scientists in my country after the hidden world, and the first time it records the flower.

The scientific researchers of the Chengdu Institute of Biological Research (hereinafter referred to as Chengdu Biological Institute) and the Chongqing Normal University and the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Forestry Sciences, according to the evidence of flowers and fruits and molecular genetic evidence, re -confirmed the classification status of sharp dental monopolies. The number of polyntor -to -dental spears and the living situation evaluated the threat, and discussed and determined its correct scientific name words in accordance with relevant naming regulations. On July 5th, the relevant papers were published in the "Plants".

The hidden world has no trace all over the years

When asking his peers to ask the relevant Surmor plants, Hu Jun, Assistant Researcher, Assistant Researcher, Assistant Researcher, Assistant Researcher at the Chengdu Biological Institute of the Chengdu Biological Institute, noticed this century -old species — Skin -dental Spear (Dongqing Qingqing Ditch petals).

In 1908, the plant hunter Wilson had collected sharp -toothed spear specimens everywhere in the Washan area of ​​Sichuan. In 1913, botanist Rennuo and Redel were officially named on the species based on this specimen.

"Sichuan Plants" Volume 4 (1988) The preparation of the Spear Sciences of the Speaker translated in accordance with the original text published and named it "Skill Spear" for it. Mountain.

Regarding the more specific geographical location of this species, it is no longer unable to query and track through relevant references. However, the researcher of the Chengdu Biological Institute Yin Pu dates back to a mountain peak in Jinkouhe District, Leshan City, Sichuan Province.

Over the years, many botanists and enthusiasts have tried to find the living groups of the species in this area, just to see the "Fang Rong" of sharp -toothed spears, it is difficult to find it.

"Chinese Plants", Volume 45, the 3rd Study Writing Expert of Study Study, has recorded another collection of the species (the juvenile Volunteer team Qin Peinan and other No. 104, Edian Longmengou), but did not mention the specimen hall that was stored in storage. Essence However, in the record of this specimen, there are no leaves and flowers, only fruits, and whether it is an evergreen and thick leather plant such as sharp -toothing spear, which is still doubtful.

The Youth Volunteer Team was a young volunteer team sent by Lu Zuofu, who managed the Beiwangxia Defense Bureau from 1928 to 1930. They conducted multiple investigations along the western Sichuan. According to the only clues, the team did not see the specimen and other records about the species after conducting extensive search and search.

Is there still a group in the world in the world? In addition to "Washan", where will it be its "hidden"? Hu Jun pays special attention to this.

Fortunately, I found the flowers under the cliff

In May 2021, friends from the Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences took a group of plant photos during the field inspection. Hu Jun accidentally discovered that there were two plants without flowers and fruits, which was very similar to the sharp dental monopoly spear he saw when he checked the specimen. Hu Jun immediately decided to find.

In August 2021, Hu Jun led the team to perform the second Qinghai -Tibet Plateau scientific investigation research topic "Forest and Shooting Ecosystem and Resource Management" in Western Sichuan area inspection tasks. The place where the tooth guard spears may hide.

It was in a deep groove in Jiulong County, Sichuan, south of Gongga Mountains. On both sides are the steep cliffs that cover the sky, under the foot of the Dadu River with crushed rocks, and occasionally passing the stone.

Because you will pass a mine on the way to the canyon, and it is located in remote, managers are strictly controlled by local entry and exit. In order to successfully enter the canyon, Hu Jun's team and the person in charge of the mine were grinded for a long time before entering the inspection.

Wearing a helmet and following the stream, Hu Jun and his teammates moved forward with caution. Two kilometers took two or three hours. Fortunately, under a cliff, he found a sharp -toothy spear that made many botanists dreaming.

They counted a bit, this is a population of about 15 tooth -to -dental glory. What makes them most happy is that in the humid and dark environment, some plants come with purple -red heads and are blooming. It was not seen in all the descriptions of the species before. This was the first time that it had observed its flowers since 110 years.

Different flower dislocation is indeed a state -owned spear

However, in the field of observation, the scientific examiners noticed the "contrary" of sharp -toothed spears that were previously identified.

Based on the observation of the morphological characteristics of the sharp dental monopoly, especially the fruit form, when writing the "Chinese Plants", the researcher of the Speed ​​Speaker transferred the sharp dental spear from the belonging to the belonging to the groove. Essence The groove petals are very close to the shape of the somanic spear. According to the definition of the groove petals, only the characteristics of 4 petals, 1 embryo beads per chamber, and flowers are often different from the guard spear.

Since the publishing of the gully petal, some plant researchers have not admitted, and the other researchers have used the ditch petals as an independent genus, and the types of previously placed in the belongs to the sort of the sort of the groove or described part of the description of New species. There are about 130 species in the belonging to the back of the somanic spear, and there are about 20 groove petals.

"The flower of the sharp -toothed spear is obviously 5 bases, with 5 sepals, 5 petals, and 5 stamens. It is divided into 5 rooms in the well -developed sub -rooms." Hu Jun said that the above -mentioned characteristics are all with the ditch with the ditch. The characteristics of the 4 bases of the petals do not conform to it, and it should be attributed to the type of the somanic spear. In order to test whether the classification status inferred by the characteristics of the flower characteristics is consistent with the molecular data, Zhang Jun, the first author of the thesis and the graduate student of Chongqing Normal University, passed the sample of the spiked leaf flaps that are similar to it in the form of the spiked leaf flap. Experiments, systematic development analysis was performed in combination with the data published.

The molecular system tree shows that the four species of the sharp -toothing spear and the four species placed in the groove flap can get a branch with a high support rate, but nested in the belonging to the somanic spear. This is a speculative judgment of the system position of the researchers on the system position of the sharp dental monopoly, and further proves that the species of the grooves should be merged into the belonging of the guard spear.

At the same time, according to the number of surrounding the number and living conditions of the surrounding spike -dental spear live body, the researchers considering that the population volume and the distribution area are threatened by natural disasters, the classification and standards of the red list of the Red List (2022) of the International Nature Protection (2022), The sharp -toothing spear is still evaluated as extreme endangered species (CR).

"After a hundred years later, it is important to discover that the sharp -toothing spear itself is of great significance, and we have also made up the records to correct the error of the previous species of the morphological characteristics. Due to the live body, The right one will no longer be stored in foreign countries, but can continue to do in -depth research on domestic specimens and lives to carry out conservation and breeding. "Hu Jun said.

At the same time, he expects that with the gradual improvement of traffic conditions in western Sichuan mountainous areas, the auxiliary methods of scientific examinations will be more advanced and convenient. Provincial base information.

Related thesis information:

https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.201.86180

"China Science News" (2022-07-07 The first edition of the news)

Edit | Zhao Lu

Capture | Zhihai

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