What mission of Shenzhou 14?Look at the highlight of the task

Author:China Science and Technology M Time:2022.07.05

my country launched the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft on June 5, 2022, and sent three astronauts to the China Space Station. As the first manned flight task of the space station from key technical verification to the rail construction stage, the Shenzhou No. 14 multiplication group will witness history and create multiple "first" in the history of my country's manned aerospace.

Shenzhou 14th is about to depart

(Picture source: Chinese manned space)

(1) They will become the first aerospace officer to enter the experimental compartment

The Shenzhou 14th multiplication group will become the first aerospace officer to enter the test cabin and Mengtian experimental cabin.

The Chinese Space Station is based on the three cabins of the sky and the core compartment, the test compartment, and the Dream Tianyan experimental cabin. Among them, Tianhe's core compartment was launched on April 29, 2021. Asked the Tiandi Experimental Currency and Mengtian Experimental Currency will be launched in July and October, 2022, respectively.

The third cabin is a whole and its own division of labor: the core compartment is the management and control center of the space station, and at the same time, the functions of the spacecraft's life compartment; the two experimental cabins are used in biology, materials, micro -gravity fluids, basic physics and other aspects Scientific experiments, most of the scientific experimental cabinets are located in the experimental cabin. Therefore, the two experimental cabins will be the main workplace where astronauts are in the orbit. After entering the two experimental cabins, the astronauts will complete the unlocking and installation of 14 cabinets of the experimental cabin, and conduct spatial scientific experiments.

Dreaming Experimental Card Test player at the Tianjin AIT Center in Tianjin AIT Center in 2022

(Picture source: Chinese manned space)

(2) They will go out of the cabin from the main air gate for the first time

The outlet event is an important task in the construction and operation phase of the space station. Although Shenzhou 12 and 13 astronauts are out of the compartment of the core cabin node, the main personnel of the Chinese space station is located in the experimental compartment of Wen Tian, the Shenzhou 14th multiplication group will become the first batch of implementation from here. Astronauts who come out of the cabin. At that time, the node of the core cabin will be used as a backup air gate.

Why do you put the main air gate cabin in the sky? During the space officer's outlet event, the air gate was vacuum. If the astronauts can only get out of the core cabin compartment, the node cabin located in the middle of the third cabin will separate the third cabin. In the event of a problem with one cabin, astronauts cannot enter the other two cabins, and work will not be carried out.

Why is two air gate cars? The security of the guarantor in space is always the first priority of manned aerospace. During the outlet process, if there is a problem with the main air gate, the astronauts can return to the cabin through the node cabin to ensure the safety and reliability of the outlet activities. This is also a manifestation of the multiple security measures of the Chinese space station.

Shenzhou 13 astronauts out of the cabin

(Picture source: Chinese manned space)

(3) They will carry out rotation for the first time in the orbit.

The manned space station is a long -term flight, and the rail transition is one of the key technologies for its long -term operation. Shenzhou 14 will carry out the first rotation of my country on the rail group with Shenzhou 15th multiplier. The two triple -person multiplication will perform work transfer on the rail and jointly carry out science education and other public welfare activities. During about 10 days of rotation period, the number of astronauts on the space station was upgraded from 3 to 6.

—— Wait, isn't the core cabin only have three "beds"? Don't forget, asking the Tianjin experimental cabin also equipped with 3 independent sleep areas, which can ensure the needs of 6 people staying at the same time during the rotation of the astronauts.

In the future, after the Chinese Space Station multiplier enters the normalization of the rail transition, China will also realize the permanent residence in the near -land orbit.

(4) They will witness the completion of China space station

The above highlights will occur during the construction of the space station. The Shenzhou No. 14 multiplication group will witness the complete process of space stations from a single -class to three -cabin assembly. During this period, the space station will go through 5 matchmaking docking, 3 separation evacuation, 2 transfers, and 9 combinations.

Construction type 1: One cabin and three ship combinations

With the launch of Shenzhou 14th, the space station will form a one -cabin and three ship combination, that is, "Tianzhou 3+Tianhe Core Class+Tianzhou 4+Shenzhou 14". The process contains one -time matchmaking, that is, Shenzhou 14 is connected with the radial port of the core cabin.

China Space Station One Curdier Three Ship Combinations

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 2: One cabin and two ship combinations

Before the docking of Tianzhou Experimental Cels with the core compartment, Tianzhou -3 freight ships will evacuate from the core compartment to the port, so that the space station will become a combination of one cabin and two ships, that is, "Tianhe Core Card+Tianzhou No. 4+Shenzhou 10 No. 4 "combination. This process contains 1 separation and evacuation.

China Space Station One Curm and Two Shipbuilding Combination

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 3: two -cabin and two ships "one -shaped" combination

Asked about the launch of the experimental cabin in July and after the connection with the core cabin front, the two cabins will form a "one -shaped" combination, that is, "Ask the Tianjie Experimental Class+Tianhe Core Card+Tianzhou 4+Shenzhou 10 No. 4 "combination. This process contains one -time delivery.

China Space Station Two -Meckets and Two Ship Combinations 1

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 4: two -cabin and two ships "L -shaped" combinations

The front direction of the core cabin is the interface, not the final mooring point of the experimental cabin. During the construction of the space station, the two experimental cabins must first receive this position. Then before the Dream Tianyan experimental cabin arrives, asking the Tianyan experimental cabin needs to give it out.

After separating from the anterior exit of the experimental compartment from the core compartment, the transfer port will be transferred to the core compartment IV quadrant through the transfer mechanism to form a two -cabin and two ships "L -shaped" combination, that is, "Ask the Tianjie Experiment Curing+Core and the Core and the Core Class+Tianzhou No. 4+Shenzhou 14 "combination. The process contains 1 transfer, and the verification was completed in the Tianzhou II conversion test on January 6, 2022 at the key technology of the orbit to the Rail Transit Position. China Space Station Two -Mecar and Two Ship Combination 2

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 5: three -cabin and two ships "T -shaped" combination

Finally looking forward to this day! According to the project plan, the Mengtian experimental cabin will be launched in October. After connecting with the core of the core cabin, the three cabins will form a unconventional "T -shaped" combination, that is, "Ask the Tianhe Terrace+Core and Dreaming Experimental Class+Tianzhou 4+Shenzhou 10 No. 4 "combination. This process contains one -time delivery.

China Space Station Three -Mecar and Two Ship Combination 1

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 6: three -cabin and two ships "standard T -shaped" combination

When the Mengtian experimental cabin reaches its final mooring point, the standard "T -shaped" is formed. After the Mengtian experimental compartment is separated from the core compartment, the transfer mechanism is transferred from the front to the mouth of the core compartment to the II quadrant. Number+Shenzhou 14 "combination. This process contains 1 transfer.

At this point, China Space Standing was officially completed in the rail construction.

China Space Station Three -Mecar and Two Ship Combination 2

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 7: Three -cabin and one ship "small T -shaped" combination

After the Chinese Space Station is completed in the rail, the manned spacecraft will also implement the launching task of Tianzhou 5 freight ships and Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft. Prior to this, Tianzhou 4, which was launched on May 10, 2022 and completed the glorious mission, will bid farewell to the space station. After the Tianzhou -4 is separated from the back port and the core compartment, the space station will form a "small T -shaped" combination, that is, "Ask the Tianjie Experiment Curren+Tianhe Core Card+Dream Tianyan Experiment Curring+Shenzhou 14" combination Essence This process contains 1 separation and evacuation.

China Space Station Three -Mecar and One Boat Combination

(Picture source: Love Space)

Same as configuration 6: "Standard T -shaped" combination of three -cabin and two ships

The soldiers and horses moved forward. Tianzhou -5 freight ships are lined and connected to the mouth back to the mouth. The space station will return to the standard "T -shaped" combination again, that is, "Ask the Tianjin Experimental Class+Core Card+Mengtian Experiment Curing+Sky Zhou 5+Shenzhou 14 "combination. This process contains one -time delivery.

Construction type 8: three -cabin and three ships "cross type" combination

Wait until the Shenzhou No. 15 manned spacecraft and connect with the front of the core compartment, the space station will form a "cross type" combination of three -cabin and three ships, that is, "Ask the Sky Experimental Curring+Tianhe Core Card+Dreaming Terminal Compartment+Sky Zhou 5+Shenzhou 14+Shenzhou No. 15 "combination. This process contains one -time delivery.

Two manned spacecraft and a cargo spacecraft rely on the space station at the same time, presenting the biggest capabilities of the Chinese space station to accept visiting spacecraft, and it is also the "family portrait" of Tiangong Home.

China Space Station Three -Mecar and Three Ship Combinations

(Picture source: Love Space)

Construction type 9: three -cabin and two ships "cross type" combinations

After completing the mission of Shenzhou 14, it will be separated from the multiplication group from the space station to form a "cross" combination of three -cabin and two ships, that is, "Ask the Tianhe Temple+Tianhe Core Class+Dream Sky Experimental Class+Tianzhou Five Number+Shenzhou No. 15 "combination, which contains 1 separation and evacuation.

China Space Station three -cabin and two ship combinations