Hui eye satellite refresh the strongest magnetic field record of the universe

The neutron star is the celestial body with the strongest magnetic field in the universe. The detection of its X -ray energy spectrum is the only way to directly measure the neutron surface magnetic field. Recently, the "Hui Eye" satellite team is a neutron X -ray twin star with a SWIFT J0243.6+6124 in the SWIFT J0243.6+6124. After measuring the strongest magnetic field of about 1 billion Tesla, the world record of the highest energy rotation absorption line and the strongest magnetic field of the universe was greatly refreshed. The study was mainly completed by the University of China High Energy Physics Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Recently, it was published online at the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Huiyi Eye Satellite Observation Pulse Star Art Map

The neutron star X -ray dual -star system is composed of neutron stars and its stars. The gase of the stars falls to the neutron star in the strong gravity effect of the neutron star, forming a gas disk around the high -speed rotation of the neutron star, called the absorbing disk. The material on the accumulation disk will fall along the magnetic line of the neutron star to the surface of the neutron star, and emit a strong X -ray radiation. The radiation is rotated with the rotation of the neutron star, forming a periodic X -ray pulse signal. Therefore, such celestial bodies are also called "" X -ray accumulated pulse star ". Observations found that this type of celestial body will appear "depression" structure on X -ray radiation spectrals. This is caused by the electronic resonance scattering of the X -ray photon that is spiny in the magnetic field and is called a rotary absorption line. The magnetic field intensity corresponding to the energy at the rotation line is the magnetic field strength of the neutron star surface. This is the only way to directly measure the strength of the magnetic field near the neutron surface.

The super -bright X -ray pulse star was found in multiple galaxies outside the galaxy. Astronomers speculated that the magnetic field strength of its pulse stars was very high, but there was no direct measurement evidence. The "Huiyan" satellite conducted detailed wide energy segmentation of Swift J0243.6+6124, the first ultra -bright X -ray pulse star in the Milky Way. The rotary absorption line of up to 146,000 electron volt, corresponding to a neutron surface magnetic field with more than 1.6 billion Tesla. This is not only the highest measurement of the cosmic celestial field to date, but also the first time the surface magnetic field of the star star is directly measured in the super -bright X -ray source.

It is generally believed that the surface magnetic field structure of neutron stars is complicated. There are both the ductive pole magnetic field with a large scope of extension, as well as a multi -pole magnetic field limited to the surface of the neutron star. In the past, various indirect methods can only estimate the long -term neutron stars that are extended. The surface magnetic field strength of the Swift J0243.6+6124 is directly measured by the "Huiyi" satellite, which is about an order of magnitude higher than the intensity of the even pole magnetic field given through the indirect method, indicating that it corresponds to the multi -pole magnetic field near the neutron star surface. This is the first time from the observation to directly prove that the neutron stars remove the bipolarity of the Polaria, which does have a more complicated asymmetric magnetic field structure.

Hui Eye Satellite is the first X -ray astronomical satellite in my country. It carries three scientific loads and space environment monitors: high -energy X -ray telescope, medium -sized X -ray telescope and low -energy X -ray telescope. Compared with foreign X -ray satellites, Hui Eye Satellite has a Covering energy section wide, the maximum effective area of ​​high -energy X -ray energy section, high time resolution, strong observation strong source without photon accumulation effects, etc., opened up the new observation of black holes, neutron star hard X -ray rapid light change and energy spectrum research. window. The "Huiyan" satellite has refreshed the highest record of energy measurement of the energy measurement of the rotary absorption line three times in a row, which shows that it has the unique international ability of the high -energy X -ray energy spectrum of celestial bodies.