How to eat "sand"?Editor on the surface of the earth -What is the magical power of the muddy ship?

Article / Huang Yuxi (College of Management Cadres of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry) Long Dengjie (Tsinghua University)

Whether it is the world's longest cross -sea bridge -Hong Kong -Zhuhai -Macao Bridge, the world's largest river outlet rectification project -Yangtze River Estuary Sham Shui Channel Remediation Project, or the world's widest underwater sinking tunnel, the Shenzhen -Middle Channel Island Tunnel Project, is not without. Open the "steel giant wheel" digging of the mud boat. So, what is a mud boat? What are the magical powers?

On December 27, 2021, China's independently designed and built Asia's largest self -souvenile twist -absorbing dude ship Tianzhang No. 1 in Lianyungang Port Ganyu Port District

Ship that can "eat" sand

As a heavy weapon of a large country, the mud digging boat plays an important role in routing dredging and cargo trade, urban infrastructure construction, energy development and utilization, coastal protection, tourism development, farmland water conservancy and disaster prevention, and national defense construction. It also has a function, that is, reclaiming islands, so it is called "editor on the surface of the earth".

In the 1860s, the digging boat of the Suez Canal in Egypt

Digging ships serve the water transport infrastructure industry, which is equivalent to excavators in land infrastructure. Especially in China with a well -developed water system and a vast area of ​​waters, mud dug ships have shown their skills in a series of super projects, such as: the world's highest -level artificial deep -water port -Tianjin Port and the world's largest automated terminal -Shanghai Yangshan Mountain Hong Kong Fourth Phase and so on.

There are many types of mud dug boats. The most widely used currently apply is the rake absorbing muddy ship and the twisted muddy ship.

Among them, the working principle of the rake absorbing muddy ship is similar to the home vacuum cleaner, and the sediment of the bottom of the sea is continuously sucked up through the centrifugal pump. The "New Sea Tiger" wheel built in June 2007 belongs to the rake suction muddy ship. This is the first time in China to achieve its own design and construction of large -scale rake absorbing mud dredging boats.

The working principle of another type of twisted mud digging boat is to twist the bottom of the sea through the twisted knife, and then "eat" the sediment to "eat" the "belly" -s in the mud cabin. The Tianyi digging boat, which was successfully launched in November 2017, belongs to the twisted muddy ship. It was a muddy ship with the largest installation power, the strongest dredging capacity, and the world's number one in the world at that time.

"The moisture of the country, the beginning of the dredging", the digging boat can always be associated with people's lives. In March 2021, the long -cherished heavy cargo ship was stranded in the new channel of the Suez Canal in Egypt, causing the channel to block and seriously affected global trade. Since then, the Suez Canal Administration has invited the strongest foreign aid -digging boat to help the Suzi Canal to broaden the channel.

Guo Guozuo

The design and construction of Chinese mud dug boats are more than 100 years later than the European and American countries. From the imitation in the 1960s, it was developed independently in the 1970s and 1980s, developed rapidly in the 1990s, and innovated by the 21st century. The entire ship is imported, the technology digestion and absorption, the introduction of ship design and key equipment in the country, and then the modernized muddy ship design and construction, complete the leapfrog development, and obtain it in the aspects of ship type, digging technology, power configuration, muddy control control and other aspects, etc. A major breakthrough. In 2019, the "independent R & D and industrialization of large -scale twisted and dredging equipment at sea" won the National Science and Technology Progress Award Special Award, proving that China ’s mud dug boat technology has been at the international leading level.

"Hero" -"Tongtu" wheels on the sea

The "Tongtu" wheel built in 2011 was the largest and deepest self -navigation rake digging ship in Asia at that time, marking that China has preliminarily possessing the independent design and independent construction of the super large modern rake absorbing dude ship. ability. This "Hercules" at sea once helped the construction of Tianjin Port. It has a total length of more than 160 meters, 30 meters wide, 15 meters deep, and a mud compartment capacity of 20,000 cubic meters, which is equivalent to the volume of 3 standard football fields with 1 meter depth.

Blowing sand and reclaiming weapon -Sky Whale Digging Digging Ship

Sky whale digging boat model

In 2010, China's independently developed mud dug boat was the largest self -available twisted equipment in Asia at that time, marking the entry of China's twisted mud -digging boat technology into the world's advanced ranks. The sea mixture excavated by the Tianmiber digging boat can fill a standard football field with large and half meters deep pits per hour. It is not an exaggeration to describe it with "cutting rocks like mud". It used to have a period of 3 years and 7 months, and successfully completed the construction tasks of port channel infrastructure construction along the “Belt and Road”.

Today, China has become a big country for the design and construction of a muddy boat. It has the world's largest digging ship fleet, and has entered the world's advanced ranks of digging ship design and construction.

This article comes from "Knowledge is Power" magazine. The original title "Editor on the Earth Surface -Digging Ship", please indicate the source.

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