This kind of disease killed Lu Xun ｜ Earth knowledge

In 1848, French writer Xiao Zhongma completed the novel "Camellia Girl" based on his own experience. The advent of this novel made Xiao Zhongma famous, and the protagonist of the novel also became a classic.

Mary Diplaisi, French advanced communication flower

Is the character prototype of Xiao Zhongma's "Camellia Girl"

(Figure: wiki)

Camellia woman is a dusty woman. In addition to "difficult to depict the charm", her figure and face perfectly meet the trend of the time: because of her illness, her body looks particularly thin and slim; The cough made her look slightly shy; the most obvious is that her low fever made her cheek sometimes showing the looming "rosy".

Happy love Lang Qiaojiao, the fate is a fireworks matching,

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

Although these seem to be a typical characteristic of tuberculosis, ordinary people are afraid to avoid it. But two hundred years ago, many gentlemen were particularly obsessed with the dark and charming power brought by the tuberculosis.

Camellia women can quickly become popular and become classics is the real reflection of this image of that era.

Ancient guest

Archaeological studies have found that tuberculosis is widely distributed in Asia, Europe, Africa, America and other vast areas at least 10,000 years ago: 3000 years ago in Egyptian mummy, there are traces left by spine tuberculosis; There are also scars left after the lungs of the lungs; even far thousands of kilometers away from the Americas, the remains of the ancients with tuberculosis lesions have been found.

It is generally considered

Homo sapiens entered the United States about 20-30,000 years ago

This shows that tuberculosis has taken root in the human body before germination ▼

Studies on the tuberculosis gene found that the tuberculosis had been invaded Africa about 40,000 years ago. Since then, as ancient humans continued to go out of Africa, the tuberculosis also gradually moved to the world.

Especially when human beings entered agricultural society, as people settled and populated density increased, tuberculosis began to be widespread in human society.

Map of the onset of tuberculosis (Reference: Our World in Data) ▼

Earlier research has shown that the common ancestors of all tuberculosis of the preliminaries popular today were spreading about 10,000 years ago in West Asia, and it is exactly one of the birthplaces of agriculture. The agricultural revolution not only deeply changes human society, has increased the population, but also allows many infectious diseases to be popular.

In the process of human domestication wildlife

I have to accept the derivatives of nature -virus

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

In ancient China, medicine was not developed. Due to similar symptoms, the ancestors usually refer to a variety of diseases as one name. In the earliest medical book "The Yellow Emperor's Canon", the "labor" disease first appeared, which had excessive meaning of labor and labor. Patients were weak due to "labor".

In the following two thousand years, the word "Lao" word has changed, and finally evolved into "lung", which refers to the main clinical characteristics of cough, hemoptysis, hot heat, night sweats, and body gradually weight loss.

In "Zhen Huan Biography", the Jingbai Master of Ganlu Temple once framed Zhen Huan suffering from "lung"

(Figure: "Zhen Huan Biography" stills) ▼

Similar to it, the term "tuberculosis" was first seen in Ge Hong's "Elbow Receives", but at this time, the meaning of "tuberculosis" is still swollen subcutaneously, which is not the tuberculosis that is called today.

Until the 19th century Western studies gradually, the traditional name was impacted. In 1899, the Japanese Okamoto Murdo mentioned the name of "tuberculosis" in the fifth issue of the Asia East Times. As a result, the word "tuberculosis" currently comes from Japanese.

TB patient's chest (top) compared with normal human chest tablets (below)

(Figure: Figure Worm / One Picture Network) ▼

Charming, horrible charm

Although the tuberculosis disease is extremely difficult, for a long time, in front of the elder brothers such as smallpox, dark death, and leprosy, the tuberculosis is not a brother, and it is not much attention.

After the 17th century, in Europe, with the influence of Renaissance and colonial activities, the European economic level began to rise rapidly, and the city expanded rapidly. At the same time as prosperity, a large number of people's gathering provides an excellent hotbed for the occurrence of multiple infectious diseases.

The daily set in the movie "Perfume"

Just show the dirty sludge on the streets of Paris in the 18th century.

So why do people on Champs Elysiums like perfume? (Figure: One picture network) ▼

Especially after the industrial revolution, the urban population of major European countries has grown rapidly. However, a large number of new population poured into cities did not have the supporting living environment, living facilities, and logistics support. As a result, many people live in a crowded and dirty community. The ventilation here is not smooth, the sewage is flowing, the air is dirty, and the food is also vulnerable to pollution.

London and Paris, the first city of the industrial revolution,

The two most dirty and most chaotic list in Europe for a long time

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

Coupled with the working environment of Africa in the factory at this time, the workers were treated like slaves, and the health of the poor poor people who were already malnourished. As a result, tuberculosis began to be popular in Europe, not only the poor people, but also the wealthy people, nobles, etc. It was difficult to escape the magic claws of tuberculosis.

King Afangso, King of Spain, also fell under this illness

Before the disease and death, all beings can be equal

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

After suffering from tuberculosis, due to the body consumption and weakness, the patient's complexion will be white (not all time will appear rose), but in the eyes of Europeans at the time, this was exactly the manifestation of beauty. Queen Elizabeth I, but she is a loyal enthusiast of lead powder

A pure white face full of lead powder represents her the most beautiful friend and daughter of the whole street

The color number of the hand and the face is worse than a whole color card (picture: wiki) ▼

As a result, in the 18th century, some Europeans used tuberculosis as a fashion, and some people even took the initiative to infect tuberculosis. For the sake of beauty, at that time, most Europeans died of various diseases in their 30s at that time.

Similar, a group of celebrities are proud of syphilis

The determination of the trendy people to chase fashion is really not to be underestimated

Mobosan: Someone cue me? (Figure: One picture network) ▼

Based on the atmosphere of advocating tuberculosis in the whole society, creators also regard tuberculosis as a disease that can make patients more sexy. On the one hand, in literary works, tuberculosis patients are often shaped into romantic tenderness and sadness, but on the other hand, these creators themselves are mostly patients with tuberculosis.

In the autumn of 1849, Chopin died in a short and rapid cough at the age of 39 because of his uncomfortable lungs. He took away the life of the famous musician's life, which may be tuberculosis. In addition, there are composers Henry Puser, Penglesei, and violinist Pagnini who are checked by the lungs.

Chopin's fame is not only from his talent, but also because of his illness

After all, the melancholy eyes, elegant cough

And the blush on the face is fascinated by the world ▼

The literary world cannot be spared. Byron once hoped that he could die of tuberculosis, because the ladies would say, "Look at this poor Byron, he looks so charming when he dies!" Card, etc., these people died early due to tuberculosis.

Shirley, who has not been sick, wrote in a letter sent to Jici:

"Tuberculosis is a preference for people like you."

Later, shelley was also "loved" (Figure: One Photo Network) ▼

In the background of the social background, they might think that their death was decent, implicit, and restrained. Dazhong Ma also said: "Puitive diseases were fashionable in 1823 and 1824." "After each emotion was excited, he cough blood, and died before the age of 30" was the most fashionable way of death at the time.

There is also Xun brother we are familiar with, and it is also a patient with tuberculosis

The famous "human blood gimmick" stalk, from his novel "Medicine" from the beginning

Scenes that treat lungs (Figure: wiki)

Unremitting fighting

Although the lung tuberculosis was considered fashionable by Europeans in the 19th century, people around the world had realized that in most of the time, people around the world had to take certain measures to control the tuberculosis.

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, Sun Siyi was discussed in "Preparing for the Earthquake" that the disease of the lungs and the fever of the lungs associated the lungs, labor, heat, and insects for the first time because of "insects in the lungs". Since then, ancient medicalists have gradually summarized the principles of the treatment of lungs as "supplementing virtuality and breeding, as well as insecticidal", that is, "a insecticidal kills with its fundamental fundamental, and one supplement its virtuality to recover its true element."

In the prescriptions of Chinese medicine folk treatment, honey, Cordyceps, and Dogs are common medicinal materials

This soil dog is not a Chinese pastoral dog.

When Europeans were attacked by tuberculosis, people believed that they could cure the disease through the touch of the king. This custom may originate from religion and became popular in Europe for six or seven hundred years. History stage.

Because the cause is unknown, it is difficult to treat the right medicine, and the struggle with tuberculosis in the early days must not be the law.

Until 1882, the German doctor Robert Koch found that Tubivillion was a pathogenic bacteria that caused tuberculosis.

Cultivate the tuberculosis in the test tube, this is the case in the lungs when the disease occurs

(Figure: Tuwa Creative) ▼

In the same year, the Italian doctor Frannini introduced artificial pneumonia into the treatment of tuberculosis. In the next half century, due to no effective drugs, artificial pneumothorax therapy was removed into the mainstream of tuberculosis.

In normal state, the lungs are swollen due to negative pressure in the chest cavity; artificial pneumothorax therapy fills gas such as carbon dioxide into the chest cavity to form positive pressure and compress the lungs. At this time, the tuberculosis bacteria in the lungs will die due to hypoxia. At the same time, the empty cavity generated by the erosion of tuberculosis is closed due to compression, and the gas in the chest cavity is pulled out after the tuberculosis is cured.

Under the premise of lack of perception of human microorganisms on diseases

Many diseases can only take physical methods to treat

(Source: George Rakovich / Pubmed) ▼

People have been looking for other methods due to large trauma and many side effects. In 1921, French doctor Albert Calmette (1863-1933) and Camille Guérin discovered that after years of cultivation of cow tuberculosis, the antigenicity has not changed significantly.

Since then, after ten years of observation, testing, and improvement, the tuberculosis vaccine came into being, and gradually promoted the world. This is the famous "Kaocoa". To this day, vaccination of card seedlings is still an important means to prevent tuberculosis. Although hand -painted publicity posters are not exquisite, I still miss this simple style of painting.

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

In the middle of the 20th century, American microbiologist, Selman Abraham Waksman (1888-1973), invented chaincin. For the first time, humans found effective drugs to fight tuberculosis. Drugs and other drugs such as Yanbi have been released. The combined treatment of drugs and the promotion of vaccines, people finally saw the hope of overcome tuberculosis.

For children who have been inoculated, there will be a small protrusion on the upper arm on the upper arm

(Figure: shutterstock) ▼

At the end of the 20th century, people believed that tuberculosis would be completely eliminated in the next 20 years. However, it is against their wishes. To this day, more than 5 million people around the world still suffer from tuberculosis. Especially with the emergence of anti -medicinal bacteria and the spread of HIV and new coronal viruses, the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis becomes more complicated.

In today's tuberculosis

Normal people can even defeat it by immunity

AIDS patients who are destroyed by the immune system have become the breeding ground of germs

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

We have already realized that tuberculosis is not synonymous with romance, and scientific prevention and control tuberculosis is particularly important. At present, the task of eliminating tuberculosis is still very arduous.

Reference materials:

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[10] From the tea girl to Chopin: How can the tuberculosis become a "romantic" disease? https://www.sohu.com

[11] Tuberculosis, the endless white plague, is still regarded as "infectious cancer".

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[14] World Health Organization. Global TuberCulosis Report 2021.

*The content of this article is provided by the author, which does not represent the cover of the Earth Investment Bureau: One Picture Network

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