Dispute route: Will the fast charge go to unification?

In the field of new energy power batteries, the fast charging news of the two batteries recently caused heated discussion among netizens: one is EAMEX, an EAMEX of Japanese electronic parts development enterprises, which develops high -capacity capacitors. If it is used for pure electric vehicles, the fastest 1 is 1 as soon as Charging can be completed in minutes. And EameX will supply samples in August, ready to start mass production.

Another news is the CTP 3.0 Kirin battery released by the Ningde era, which can achieve 1,000 kilometers of battery life, 10 minutes fast charging, and the Kirin battery will be quantified and listed in 2023. In the field of new energy batteries, this is a breakthrough innovation that caused a huge response in the capital market.

Both news reflects the rapid rate of the current development of fast charging technology of power batteries. At present, most of the electric vehicles can be fully charged for almost an hour, and it takes about 6 hours if it is slow. Fast charging technology has repeatedly made breakthroughs in the news, but it seems to have a certain time before the real landing. The efficiency of the fast charging on the market is not as described as the news description. What stage is the current fast charging technology for landing applications? What are the challenges if you are promoted?

The expectations of breakthrough technology and growth

Discuss the development status of fast charging technology, we need to clarify the concept of fast charging first. There is an important term in the concept of fast charging -charging and discharge multiplier C, which can be simply understood as the rate of charging and discharge. The battery charging and discharge multiplied rate determines how fast we can store certain energy into the battery, or release the energy inside the battery at a fast speed.

According to the definition of the industry, electric vehicle fast charging refers to the charging method of charging current greater than 1.6C, that is, technology from 0%to 80%less than 30 minutes.

The speed of charging is closely related to the overall technology and design of power batteries, charging piles, and power grids, while power batteries are the root of fast charging. The battery will have a by -product in the negative electrode during fast charging, affecting the cycle and stability of the battery cell. Whether it is a manufacturer or a user, the most ideal fast -charging battery means high energy density, fast charging, cheap price. However, "fish and bear's paw cannot be available", the characteristics of the battery make their multiplier performance, energy density, life, safety, price and other indicators that are not available. Indications, other indicators need to be sacrificed relatively.

Among the current fast charge technology, Tesla adopted 4680 battery. It is reported that the 4680 battery pack can charging the power from 10%to 80%in 15 minutes. 7 minutes. In other words, without expanding the charging pile, users need up to 20 minutes to supplement the power to a suitable state.

The ideal intellectual ONE uses a VDA battery pack with a capacity of 40.5kWh from the Ningde era. Under fast charging, it takes 30 minutes from 0 to 80%of electricity. If it is a slow charging method, it takes 6 hours to fully charges. Xiaopeng's latest P7 2022 480N+fast charge time is 45 minutes, and the slow charging time is 5 hours.

At present, Tesla's fast charging rate is the fastest in the fast -charging battery, while other market players are charging from 10%to 80%. The theoretical charging speed is 30 minutes from 30%power to 80%, and the actual charging time may take 40 or 50 minutes.

For the user's charging anxiety, the manufacturer's approach is divided into two factions. One is to expand the energy density of the battery to extend its mileage. If the mileage is long enough, the frequency of charging can also cover some users' choices; the other is us The fast -charging technology is limited to the charging time within half an hour. Although it is not comparable to the 5 -minute full oil of the fuel vehicle, the fast charging technology has been repeatedly breaking the previous record.

CCTV also recently released a message saying that electric vehicle fast charging technology has matured, and it only takes about 10 minutes to fill a capacity of 100kWh electric vehicles. The new Kirin battery launched in Ningde Times 10 minutes fast charging, 2023 launched mass production. The breakthroughs of these fast -charged batteries made people watching new energy vehicles look forward to it.

The "mountain layer stack" on the road of fast charging

Some people may think that if the two advantages of mileage and fast charge are combined, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles will be higher, especially when the current fuel costs exceed ten yuan, the high fuel rate of high fuel will make the cheap electric energy energy cheap electricity energy. The advantages have become more prominent. We also mentioned earlier that due to the physical characteristics of the battery itself, its energy density and power density are not the two indicators that can be improved at the same time. In the same battery, only one of them can be improved, and the other's performance can only be lost.

In power batteries, indicators such as multiplier performance, energy density, life, safety, and price need to be reasonably interval after optimization. Mileage to alleviate user anxiety. For fast charging batteries, there are bottlenecks in the process of improving performance.

1. Improvement of materials and crafts. The process of power battery fast charging, shortening the charging time, and the increase in charging power, which requires higher frequency magnetic materials and magnetic components. This requires raw material manufacturers to develop more high -frequency magnetic materials and magnetic components, while improving the production process to meet the increasingly complex process requirements. 2. Resistance and safety. In terms of super fast charging comparison, the voltage may even be increased to 1000V, which requires more pressure -resistant materials for relay, fuse and magnetic components. In addition, due to the improvement of power, a large amount of heat will be generated during the charging process. While ensuring the performance of the fast charging rate, it is also necessary to take into account the efficiency of heat dissipation, and the safety performance needs to be guaranteed.

3. Breakthrough of battery technology extends its life. The rapid charging multiplier has a great impact on the life of the battery. It still needs to explore the technologies that are reduced in the battery internal resistance, further optimization of positive and negative electrode materials, etc. For example Time to adjust the performance of the battery. At present, the technical breakthrough direction of the battery mainly includes the formula of changing the electrolyte, the structure of the battery cell, reducing temperature rise, and improving voltage.

In the process of fast charging, the biggest risk for batteries is the harm caused by the heat out of control of the charging process. For some new energy models, once the overload is overloaded, the probability of spontaneous combustion battery will be greatly increased. Previously, in order to ensure the safety of the vehicle, the vehicle companies such as GAC Toyota and Weimar have been touched to lock electricity and reduce power for their models. This means that during the complete landing process, the propaganda is only one aspect. The fast charging itself needs to be limited by many aspects.

Make -up route: complement and collaborate with each other

For new energy vehicles, fast charging is a systematic project, which requires the collaboration of charging piles, grids, and power batteries. From the perspective of the development of power batteries, the change of the energy supplement system has occurred in the ten years of the development of electric vehicles. huge change. The mileage of fast charging, power replacement, and long battery life is almost three controversial choices for the current development route. Auto company manufacturers have chosen different technical routes in their respective fields.

For users, choice is relatively simple. "White Paper of 2021 China Electric Vehicle User Charging Behavior" shows that fast charging is the first choice of 99.3 % of users, especially for operating vehicle users with high sensitivity to charging time. High; from the power of the charging facility, more than 87 % of users tend to choose 120kW and above high -power charging piles.

During the eleventh holiday each year, there will always be difficulties in new energy vehicles to charging new energy vehicles. The popularity of fast charging will also be an important means to solve the fast supplementation of holiday travel in the future. In the long run, public charging scenarios are still fast charging, including super charging. In terms of policies, my country is vigorously developing the public fast charging network, accelerating the coverage of the coverage of highway charging and replacement networks. Enterprises have also increased their investment in fast -charging networks on highways. All parties including car companies and operators are actively promoting the layout of the fast charging network.

The impact of stacking the "double carbon" strategic goal, the suspension of production of fuel vehicles is the general trend. Earlier, the European Parliament voted for a legislative proposal drafted by the European Commission, and decided that the transitional schemes that prohibit the sales of registered fuel vehicles from the entire European Union have been prohibited from the entire EU, including plug -in hybrids and synthetic fuels. Motor manufacturers include BAIC, Changan, Audi, Mercedes -Benz and other car companies. They have also announced their time to stop the production of fuel vehicles. The Audi brand has determined that it will not launch new internal combustion engine models in 2026 and the goals of all internal combustion engine models from 2033; It will be committed to completing the group's electrification transformation in 2030, and the withdrawal time of the internal combustion engine in the global market is not later than 2039; Changan Automobile will officially stop selling traditional fuel vehicles in 2025. The ban on sale of manufacturers is basically between 2025 and 2040.

The establishment of the timetable for the sale of fuel vehicles also means that the development of vehicles is becoming increasingly deepened. For key fast charging technology, it has also reached the dawn stage before the outbreak.

However, the physical characteristics of the power battery itself are restricted, and the key elements such as fast charging and safety, life, and cost are contradictory. The needs of various needs such as fast charging, safety, and life need to run in for a long time. The process of successful development of development space is always full of challenges. Long -term cultivation of strong accumulation is a necessary path, and it cannot go around.

On the selection of replenishment paths, from the day of the development of new energy vehicles, the debate never stopped, from slow charging to fast charging, from electricity to charging, all kinds of sounds, and now no one eliminates who eliminate. This is also the presence of the final result of the market. In different situations, there will be different demands, market -oriented development, and a replenishment method that meets the needs of market development.

The ultimate needs of the user are the convenience of charging. For example, if there is no time, the power replacement method is used. If the time is sufficient, select the slow charging stage of the power grid valley. Different energy supplements.Different market space.We know that our region is vast and covered with different climatic conditions, and the charging is strong. In the winter in the north, electricity changes are more popular than fast charging. If you have to discuss which technology,The route is the elimination of other routes. From the perspective of the user's use scenario, it is not realistic to make up the energy.Back to the technical route of fast charging, for manufacturers, they will not choose a single path. It is not that the choice is easy to enter the dead alley, and the company will also adjust the way of replenishing energy according to the user's wishes.Various factors such as technical iteration, consumption cognitive improvement, and corporate tilt promotion have been presented in market -oriented development, but the ultimate choice is still based on the market.

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