Take you in one minute to understand the server network card

Today, I will talk to you about the server's network card.

What is a network card? To put it simply, the network card is a device for computer and LAN. Computers are mainly connected to the network through the network card. The network card, also known as network adapter or network interface card NIC (Network Interface Card), is the most basic and most important connection device in a computer network system.

1. The main function of the network card

The network card is in the TCP/IP model, working on the physical layer and data link layer, used to receive and send a computer data.

The computer in the network must have a unique MAC address. This MAC address is provided by the network card. At the same time Send (packaging) and receiving (unblocking): When sending data, add the first and tails; when receiving the data, peel off the first and tail

data encoding and decoding: Code decoding of physical layer data [ 123]

Data link management: Mainly the implementation of CSMA/CD (carrier monitoring of conflict detection)

2. The evolution of the network card

Now let us understand the network card The evolution process over the years.

3. Classification of network cards

What are the categories of network cards? Now I will take everyone to learn about it.

Server special network card VS ordinary network card

Compared with the server -specific network card, ordinary network card refers The network card has not high requirements for reliability and security, and the difference between the server and the ordinary PC workstation is that the server has been working and requires long -term stable operation. This requires the server network card to have the following characteristics: [

[

123] Data transmission speed is fast

The server is always in the process of data computing and exchange. The data of 10Mbps and 100Mbps of ordinary networks has not met the big data traffic network. The current network card rate commonly used in the server is 10Gbps, 25Gbps, etc.

CPU occupation is low

The CPU of the server is constantly working, processing a lot of data. If the CPU of a server provides data response for the network card most of the time, it will inevitably affect the processing speed of other tasks. The server network card has its own control chip, which can handle some CPU tasks, thereby reducing the CPU's calculation overhead.

High security performance

If the network card of the server fails, the server will not be able to receive and send data, which is equivalentRelying is a necessary feature of the server network card. The server network card basically has fault -tolerant functions, such as Intel's AFT (network card error redundant), ALB (network card load balancing) and other technologies.

4. Server network card

The following editor will introduce the server's network card.

Nic: Network Interface Card

Special refers to Ethernet card, supports TCP/IP protocol, applied to Ethernet

CNA: Converget Network Adapter

Fusion network card, essentially Ethernet card, but supports FCOE function (FC Over Ethernet)

HBA: Host Bus Adapter,

specially refers

HCA: Host Channel Adapter

Special refers to the IB card, which is an IB card. In high -performance computers with high bandwidth, low latency

5, network card interface

The physical interface of the network card is mainly two types: power port and optical port

The power outlet : That is, the ordinary RJ45 interface, for example: connecting network cable

Optical port: used to connect the optical module

According to the interface encapsulation, it can be divided into SFP+ , SFP28, QSFP+

SFP+: Support GE/10GE rate

sfp28: Support Ge/10GE/25GE rate

qsfp+: support 40GE/100GE rate

]

6. Network card manufacturers

What are the manufacturers of network cards?

The knowledge about server network cards, I believe everyone should have some understanding now, Xiaobian talked here today.

Reprinted content only represents the author's point of view

Do not represent the position of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Source: ZTE Document [123

] Edit: fiufiu

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