Space Station Construction: Someone in the sky is good

At 20:50 on June 5th, Chen Dong, Liu Yang, and Cai Xuzhe, Shenzhou 14, entered Tianhe's core compartment in turn, and officially opened a six -month -old long -term flight task. "Shenzhou No. 14" is the first manned flight mission during the construction of my country's space station. The astronauts will be assembled in the half -year flight mission period and the Dream Sky experimental cabin will be completed. Therefore, three astronauts will experience complex working conditions and busy work at the space station. So, what work will astronauts work during the construction stage of the manned space station?

宫 ️ The schematic diagram of the Tiangong Space Station after completion

Construction station astronauts are irreplaceable

The space station built in the early days of human beings, such as the Soviet Union's "Rites" series and the "Sky Lab" in the United States, are single -class structural space stations. You can use rockets to launch one -time. Although there is no complicated construction process in space, aerospace The staff still has an irreplaceable effect.

Take the "Sky Lab" as an example. In the first manned mission, the docking of the Apollo Manman and the "Sky Lab-2" several docking was unsuccessful because the spacecraft's capture lock in the interface was failed. Do some repair work, and then the spacecraft was successfully connected with the "Sky Lab".

室️ American Sky Lab Space Station

Although modern manned spacecraft are mature and reliable, some unexpected occurrences cannot be avoided. In 2004, when the Russian Alliance manned spacecraft connected to the International Space Station, it appeared to be too fast and had to turn to manual meetings and docking, proving that it was necessary for astronauts to be "Dinghai God Needle" as a "Dinghai God Needle" during construction.

In addition, modern multi -cabin and truss -type space stations need to use rockets to launch each cabin multiple times to launch, and assembled into a complete space station in the orbit.

During the construction of the station, with the arrival of the new cabin segment, the space station also needs to carry out multiple meetings and connection and the transposition of the cabin. Passenger docking or manipulating large -scale robotic arms to implement the transfer of labor cabin segments.

When the docking of the new cabin segment is completed, the spacecraft will be stationed and decorated in the interior, and generally need to be installed and commissioned for a long time.

On the one hand, it is necessary to check and monitor various functions of the space station interface to ensure that the functional connection and work of various electrical liquids are normal, and the network connection work of two cabins is performed, and the long -term sealing of the monitoring and docking mechanism.

On the other hand, use the preliminary rendering or the supplies, tools and equipment later to adjust or install the equipment to adjust or install the equipment. Therefore, the task of astronauts during the construction of the space station is very busy.

I wo n’t work outside the cabin

During the construction stage of the space station, the off -deployment of the space clerks played a vital role. For example, after the US astronauts entered the "Sky Lab" by Apollo Manman spacecraft, they first installed a new heat insulation cover, and then went out of the cabin to start a solar panel on one side. Therefore, astronauts are required to participate in the overall work of the space station cabin.

As the built space stations are becoming more and more complicated, there are more and more space offices. In particular, the United States' free space station plan proposed by the United States in the 1980s relies heavily on the overseas assembly work of astronauts.

由 ️ The Freedom Space Station of the United States

As a huge double dragon bone truss -type space station, the "Freedom" requires a large number of assembly and maintenance work in the construction stage. According to the assessment of the NASA at that time, the construction of the space station was completed, and the spaceholders needed hundreds of tasks out of the compartment. However, the "Freedom" did not enter the engineering construction stage for some reasons, and finally stayed on the paper.

As the successor of the "Freedom", even if it is not a truss -type design, the active international space station can be regarded as the "mixed race" of the "Freedom" and the Soviet/Russian Hepingo Space Station in the later period. If the last flight mission was performed as the basis of the international space station with the last flight task of the United States Aerospace in 2011, a total of 159 out -of -class activities were carried out during the construction of the International Space Station during the construction of the International Space Station, which played a great role in the construction of the space station.

During the construction phase of the space station, what do the spacemen do? During my country's "Shenzhou 13" mission, the spacemen came out of the cabin to raise the camera outside the core and the core cabin. The installed solar wings are transferred to both ends of the two experimental cabins. These are complicated tasks that require the spacemen to go out.

As a semi -truss structure, the International Space Station is a complex project jointly implemented by multiple countries. During the construction, astronauts have assembled a huge truss mechanism, solar battery wings and Canadian robotic arm mobile service systems. , Japan Hope Experimental Cels and European Columbus Experimental Cels are installed with many out -of -the -cabin facilities and scientific test loads, and they have also replaced the controlling torque gyroscope and battery.

In 2021, Russian astronauts performed two off -class activities to connect cables for the advent of the scientific number experimental compartment on the International Space Station.

In July 2021, after the scientific number experimental cabin was launched and successfully connected to the International Space Station, the Russian astronauts conducted multiple off -class activities to perform a fixed Task and installation tasks in rail detection. Emergency rescue is me

Although human beings are very fragile in outer space, as a complex and precise system, the space station not only requires the installation and maintenance of astronauts during the construction. Once a failure occurs, the astronauts need emergency rescue.

The manned aerospace task is giving off the sky, and scientific researchers will make various plans before each task, but the emergencies in the heavens usually belong to the category of "unexpected". For example, the computer control system of the space station suddenly failed, fire or false alarm occurred in the manned supercharged cabin section, and unknown gas or detection of gas leakage appeared in the cabin.

Generally speaking, once this non -normal situation occurs, the space station control system of Mo Shouchong regulations is difficult to give the best solution, and even it is a problem that needs to be solved. At this time, only astronauts rely on their own knowledge and experience to solve the problem, and only the astronauts on the space station can randomly respond to judgment and processing according to the situation. If there is no astronauts to play subjective initiative for emergency treatment, it is difficult to solve these unexpected things.

During the construction stage of the space station, each subsystem has not been tested by time, and various problems are prone to occur. Emergency rescue is the most difficult task. It is also the highest request for astronauts.

Russia's Heping Space Station once had a huge crisis twice, and astronauts played an irreplaceable role. In February 1997, a sudden fire on the Heping Space Station was full of pungent smoke. The astronauts reached out and did not see five fingers for a while. They took off the fire extinguisher on the wall and extinguished the flames. Damage equipment.

的 ️ The Peace number station running in space

In addition, the "Heping No." also encountered the impact of the progress number of the cargo spacecraft, causing the sun wings to be damaged, the spectrum cabin was bumped off the big mouth, causing the space station's electricity to rotate and got out of control. Fortunately The cables at the point were initially controlled by the spacecraft engine, so that the "Peace" was allowed to return to life.

The case of emergency rescue of these space stations proves that astronauts play an important role in space station construction.

(China Aerospace News)

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