Regarding Epipulsive, have you heard of these secrets?丨 Drought Lord

Editor's note: In my country's vast northwest arid areas, the west to east is beaded with a temperature desert and grassland sand. Just where most of the rare people live, there are many animals and plants with unique survivability. They do their best to show their strengths and exert all kinds of style. They survive stubbornly and chic in the deserted land, and silently reproduce. The Voice of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly opened a "dry area of ​​the soul" column. Here, we pay attention to these animals and plants carrying biodiversity and ecological service functions carrying the arid areas. Scholars' hardships and efforts, results and expectations!

Populus (Latin scientific name: Populus Euphraticaoliv., Alias: Hu Tong), Yangliu family Yang belongs to deciduous trees. It is mainly distributed in southern Xinjiang, the west of the Chaidama Basin, and the Hexi Corridor. It is happy, resistant to heat, high temperature resistance, and cold resistance. It is as high as 30 meters and the bark is gray -brown. The petiole is 1-3 centimeters long, smooth; male and female, diamonds; sub-fabric stalks, wide stigma, ears of the fruits 6-10 cm long, and elliptical. The material is relaxed, the texture is not straight, and it is straightforward.

What are the characteristics of Hu Yang, so that he has repeatedly become a resume in the poet's pen. Here we tell you about the things about Populus euphratica.

Tu Yang represents a kind of spirit

Hu Yang is alone or three or two as a neighbor, and he steps on the saline and stands. Looking at the end of the forest, he looks at the Royal Forest Army in armor, stepped forward, and his head is holding his chest. When the natural environment starts to deteriorate, the fragile life disappears. Only the Yang Yang is like a loyal warrior, sticking to the position, like the Great Great Wall, locking the expansion of the Taklama Gang Desert.

What kind of power is supporting her, never migrate because of barren, stubbornly guarding her homeland, retaining the ancient belief, preventing sand and forests to keep a piece of oasis? This is where the spirit of the Populus Popularity is, the soul of the desert eternity, and the well -deserved reputation -the backbone of the desert.

Although Hu Yang is extremely viter, it can not escape the long -term waterless disaster. In a long stage, it has become a significant sign of ecological deterioration. Large artpu Yanglin is dry and shrinking in our sight. Hu Yang has repeatedly migrated with the river diversion and Shahua. The traces of its stopping witnessed the process of moving towards the desertification in northwestern China.

Due to the decrease in water in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, in Yingsu Village, Ruoqiang County, there are houses in Liusha. There is no drop of water in the river. The large number of euphratica forests are becoming a "mummy" on the desert, but she still does not fall, even if it is silent, even if it is silent, After thousands of years of wind and sand erosion, it still stands there. On both sides of the desert highway, you can see the dead body of Eudai's dead body standing in the vast desert, as if he is still fighting against the wind, as if he is telling pedestrians to tell the sad past.

Populus euphratica has a unique survival wisdom

The choice of things in the heavens, the heavenly road, the survival of the fittest, and the weak self -improvement. Tu Yang is actually a moist plant. It is the breeding of the water of the Tarim River. It can be seen everywhere in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. In the depths of the desert, use the entire life to fight against wind sand and drought. The raging wind sand cannot be defeated, and the barren land cannot shrink it. Even if the life is lost, the branches are still upright.

Under extremely drought conditions, abandon some branches, this is the phenomenon of "withered branches" and "withered" phenomena we often see. Although the subject of some trees has been withered in Hu Yanglin, no one can think of any part of the branches that will be greeted by a cluster of green. Occasionally, the weak person bowed to the ground, and it was difficult to imagine that after the ground was connected, it seemed that it grew a tree from the ground, the crown of the leaf, and then golden.

Eudai can be tied to sand layers below 10 meters, and can constantly absorb water and nutrients from groundwater. The length of the root system of adult euphratica can reach 100 meters. As long as there is groundwater within 100 meters, its roots are automatically found, which is simply a "water -looking". The uncertain buds on the horizontal root system have a strong adorable ability. Within 50-100 meters around, dozens of or more offspring can be breeded.

Look at the depth of the root and give up some branches

Lower lanceolate leaf

Populus euphratica has unique leaves

There are many kinds of leaves on a tree. The lower leaves are thin and long, with willow -shaped shapes. Generally, the leaves on the young or tender branches are linear lanceolate. As the tree grows, its leaves will become ovate or kidney. The variability of the leaves is to survive and reduce water evaporation. Therefore, the euphratica is also known as "transforming poplars" and "different leaf poplar".

A tree of a tree is many different shapes of leaves

"Don't fall for thousands of years, don't rot for thousands of years, don't die for thousands of years" is just a beautiful legend

Hu Yangsu has a beautiful legend that "life and never die for a thousand years, die for a thousand years, and one thousand years of immortality", but so far, we have not found a poplar tree with a lifetime of 1,000 years. We found the longest life -long euphratica tree, and the measured tree was only over 300 years.

Gorgeous Populus Populus

Populus euphratica is resistant to salt alkali, but also afraid of salt

In order to survive, the roots of Populus euphratica are constantly absorbing moisture and nutrients from high saline -alkali underground water below the sand layer. Therefore, a large amount of saline is stored in the body. Is it "poisoning" because of a large amount of soluble salt? Hu Yang is clever, knowing how to absorb when the salt is insufficient. When the salt alkali concentration is too high, the effect of "salt" is used to discharge excess salt into the body by using the gland on the surface of the leaf and stem. Flowing a white or pale yellow block crystals. A adult poplar can excrete tens of thousand grams of salt alkali each year. Sometimes a layer of white carbonate salt crystals are found in the cracking of the trunk. Usually people call it Populusine So people also call it a "alkali face tree", and the alkali surface formed is often used by locals for steamed buns. Poroscopic

It is a adaptation to the environment to eliminate harmful substances in the body to help itself grow. Therefore, in the Taklama -Ganan desert with high salt content in groundwater, it is still leafy. But the seeds and seedlings do not have this ability. We found that the incidence of euphratica with relatively high soil salt is extremely low: when the salt concentration reaches 24g/L, the germination rate is very low. When the NACL concentration of the laboratory reaches 30g/L, basically no longer germinate. The seeds that have just germinated, like aquatic plants, are the first leaves and then roots, but then the growth characteristics of the dry plants, the growth of young roots. When starting with young roots, salt resistance is worse and more likely to die.

Hu Yang is still divided?

For the first time, I heard that there was a male and female distinction between the Yang Yang, and was shocked. Generally, the male trees are relatively tall, and the female trees are short. The bark of the male tree is a cracking walnut -shaped, and the bark is relatively strong; The flowering period of the male tree is earlier than the female trees. The male tree is in a hurry to bloom, and the female flower flowering period lasts 3 days longer than the male plant, so that the male pollen can be fully used, which is conducive to the pollination of female flowers. The spikes of the male tree are not beautiful, that is, the "caterpillar" we are familiar with. The male flower order is 1.5-2.5 cm long, and the flower medicine is purple-red. The flowers of the female tree are relatively good -looking, and a scion -shaped inflorescence is composed of several small flowers. Each flower will develop into a small fruit in the future. The seeds of sesame particles develop from the embryo sac. As the small fruits and seeds continue to mature, the small fruits are gradually cracked, and those white fluffy velvet is portable. , Expand their family members.

Don't waste the male flowers

Planning: Office

Responsible editor: Yan Haiyu/Liu Jie

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