Chongqing discovered the oldest and most complete jaw vertebrate fossils in the world

On September 28, the papers "The oldest and Complete and Complete Mandibular Spine Animals in the Early Early Early Early Spell vertebrates" completed by the Chongqing Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ancient Human Research Institute were published in academic dissertation in academics The journal "Nature", the research results of Chongqing fossils appeared on the cover of the world's top academic journals.

The oldest and complete jaw vertebrate fossils discovered this time are about 436 million years ago in the Xiu Mountains and River cover area. The research team newly discovered and named the early fish fossil group "Chongqing special buried fossils". Among them, ancient fish fossils were not only a large number and complete types, but also well preserved and exquisite. Conditional fossil records.

"Chongqing Special Buried Fossil Library" includes the newly discovered three new types of anticipated ancient fish new species: miraculous shield fish, miracle fish, faster tujia fish and cartilage fish creep, Shen's spiny fish And miracle show mountain fish is called "the first face appearing on the earth".

Miracle show mountain fish -the first face appearing on the earth

△ Miracle Show Mountain Fish Refuse Picture

Miracle Show Shanya is the largest species found in the research team. It exceeded 20 specimens and a body length of about 3 cm. It lived 436 million years ago.

It belongs to shield fish. Most of the jaws have activated neck joints, while the jaw -free armor fish is connected with the body armor and cannot be moved. Although Xiu Shanyu has a jaw, its neck is almost impossible to move.

Miracle shows are different from any kind of shield fish in the past. It combines the characteristics of multiple shield -skinned fish categories. Essence

According to research, there is a horizontal crack in the middle of its headwriting, which replaces the unmoven neck joints, so that the head can lift and fall when breathing and feeding. This crack will form a new head-neck line in the hard bone fish, so that the subsequent bone slices will be separated from the skull top. , Or the back of the dome) evolution.

"This is also the earliest vertebrate in the world to have a complete chin, and the first face appearing on the earth." Wei Guangzheng, one of the author, one of the author, a researcher at the Chongqing Geological Investigation Institute.

Smart Tujia Fish -the first armor turtle in the world with a complete body

△ Smart Tujia Fish Refuse Picture

The smart native fish is about 6 cm long. Living 436 million years ago, it was a kind of armor without jaw. Its heads preserved a peculiar side system.

"Surprisingly, its body is completely preserved, which is the first case among the armor of the world." Chen Yang, a doctor of the first author of Chongqing Geological Minerals in the first author of the paper, said that from the preserved body part, it can be observed from the preserved body. The continuous fin folds on the side of the body, research shows that these continuous fin folds are the prototype of the limbs of the limbs of the limbs of the triple -footed animals, including humans, and provide key fossil evidence for the origin of vertebrates.

Cyptics Shen's spiny fish -confirmed that the ancestor of the shark is the shield fish of "helmet and wearing armor"

△ Cyprosncing Shen's spiny fish restoration picture

The creep of the Shen's spiny fish is 2 to 3 cm in length. Living 436 million years ago, it was a cartilage fish. It was the first cartilage fish fossil found in my country. Darge fossils, which have a large block of membranes that surrounded the shoulder straps. This feature was previously considered to be unique to shield -skinned fish, and has never been found among other cartilage fish.

Its body contour, general form, and key characteristics are similar to the early cartilage fish -spine fish, but compared with other spiny fish, it is closer to typical cartilage fish such as sharks. The front end of the dorsal fin is spiny.

The discovery of Shen's spiny fish means that the seemingly flexible shark, catfish and other cartilage fish, there is a straight ancestor of "helmets and armor". They are all evolved from shield -leather fish.

"This is another special buried fossil library discovered in my country after the Chengjiang biological group and the Rehe biological group, which is found in important nodes in the evolution of life in China." Chen Yang introduced that the discovery fills the early mandibular mandibular mandibular mandibular mandibular in the world. The blank of fossil records provides exact evidence for the first early rise and radiation differentiation of jaws. It has made new progress in the exploration of important scientific issues such as the earliest mandibular differentiation, important organs and body configuration evolution. Refresh the traditional cognition of the history of life evolution.

Sichuan Observation (Source: CCTV News Client)

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