My scientist fills the key link of "from fish to people" evolution

【Technological frontier】

The emergence of the jaw -the jaw and the chin is one of the most critical jumps in the evolutionary history of vertebrates "from fish to human", and it is also the "starting point" formed by many important organs and body structures of human beings. But because of the lack of fossils, the origin and evolution of jaws have always become a mystery -they seem to appear suddenly, and the ancient vertebrate zoom giant Alfred Rommer once called it "a stubborn existence in the history of paleontology. "Major blank".

Today, this gap is expected to be filled with Chinese scientists. The international academic journal "Nature" published 4 academic papers of the team on September 28, which focused on the report of Academician Zhu Min and the Institute of Ancient Human Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Chongqing and Guizhou. ) Five ancient fish found in the strata. These discoveries fill the gap of the record of mandibular fossils in the early days of the chronicle of chronology. For the first time, it provides exact evidence for the rise and earliest radiation differentiation of jaws, so that a series of important scientific issues in the initial stage of "fish to people" will become possible.

More importantly, Zhu Min said: "We found a rich ancient fish fossils in Chongqing and Guizhou, which can be called 'Chongqing specially buried fossil library' and 'Guizhou Shiji fossil library', adding world -class to our country Specific buried fossil library. It can be expected that we will reveal more ancient mysteries here and explore the evolution and change of life on the earth. "

Among the five ancient fish, there are the mysteries of the origin and rise of jaws

Zhu Min introduced that these five ancient fish were discovered in the double -column Guizhou tooth fish and Shinjin Fanjingshan fish in Shijie in Guizhou. The research team carried out detailed research on these fish fossils with new technologies and new methods. It was found that the earliest mandibular teeth, heads, body, and the prototype of the siber of the jaw was the earliest unknown body structure and anatomy of the last unknown jaws. Learn information. These findings have made new progress in the exploration of important scientific issues such as the earliest mandibular differentiation, important organs and body configuration evolution, and refresh the traditional cognition.

The importance of double -column Qianya fish is its teeth. Zhu Min said: "Its teeth represent the oldest jaw teeth, which push the earliest fossil evidence of the teeth for 14 million years." Sex lies in its spines. "This discovery shows that as early as Zhi Li Ji, the original cartilage fish had evolved into a typical grid spine fish form, and at the same time, it has the historical characteristics of hard bone fish." Zhu Min said: "These progress has made Optotia and Zhi Zhi and Zhi Zhi and Zhi Zhi. The long -term debate of the scales and spiny spine fossil classification of spinnae scales and spiny spine fossils settled. "

Armor fisherwood native fish is a kind of jawless fish. Its discovery provides key fossil evidence for the evolution of vertebrates to evolve in pairs. The Shen's spiny fish and the miracle show mountain fish are jaw fish. The briefing of Shen's spiny fish is the earliest preserved cartilage fish known to date. Miracle shows the characteristics of multiple shield -skinned fish categories, which provides precious information for the origin of the roots of the trees with jaws and lifts.

These new discoveries in the history of paleontology show the appearance of Zhili Jiyu group, especially jaws, and reveal the process of rising in the early days: at the latest to 440 million years ago The South China region is prosperous; in the late Zhiji period, more diverse and larger jaws have emerged and have spread to the world, opening fish landing and eventually evolved into human processes.

Professor John Long, former chairman of the International Ancient Revolution Society and Professor John Long of the University of Finders, Australia, said: "This is indeed amazing and changing the fossil discovery of the evolution pattern, and rewritten almost all aspects of the early history of jaw vertebrate evolution."

Decolling "from fish to people", it depends on China

China is the "blessing" preserved by paleontology fossils. From Chengjiang Fossils, Rehe Movement Groups, to Guizhou Shimi Fossil Library, Chongqing Special Buried Fossil Real Estate, the early history of the evolution of the earth's life has gradually reappeared in the hands of paleontologists. Essence

In the past ten years, Zhu Min's team has traveled to more than 200 places that may contain fish in China ’s chronology. Finally, in Chongqing and Guizhou Shi Shi found a large number of specially buried and preserved early -chronicle early fish fossils, I found a cracking jaw. The keys of the initial rise and radiation differentiation of the class.

Zhu Min said: "Guizhou Shili Fossil Realm was the latest Elon period in the Lamidovi (early Chi Li Ji). About 439 million years ago, it contained a large number of mandibular micro -fossils. Chongqing specially buried burial buried The fossil database era is the period of Rando Viviel, about 436 million years ago. It is currently the only special buried fossil library in the world in the world. "

Among them, Chongqing specially buried fossils can be called "dawn of fish". Zhu Min said: "This is another world -class special buried fossil library discovered in my country after the Chengjiang Biological Group and the Rehe Biological Group, which provides a large number of key evidence in China that provides a large number of key evidence for the evolution of life evolution. The fossil records were pushed for 11 million years before, and the origin of the body structure of several human body traced back to 436 million years ago. The ancient fish fossils found in Chongqing specially buried fossil library were not only a large number and complete type, but also the preservation was very complete. Beautiful, we can get a glimpse of the chronological vertebrates, especially the full picture of the jaw. "

Research on the research on the fossils of Chongqing Special Buried Fossil Real Estate and Guizhou Shiji Fossil Real Estate dates many anatomical structures related to human beings back to ancient fish 440 million years ago, filling the original "from fish to human" evolution.The link has updated the traditional cognition of the origin and rise of jaws, and further consolidated the evolution path of "from fish to people"."The ancient biology community has studied a lot of Zhili -disciplinary strata in North America, Australia and other places, and has not found better results than us." Zhu Min said, "We have such a unique treasure, decrypting the origin and rise of jaws, the rise, exploration, and exploringFrom the evolution path from fish to people ', it depends on China! "

(Our newspaper

【Edit: Fangjialiang】

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