After 500 years of sharks, scientists have revealed their longevity mechanism, can it be applicable to humans?

Sea Overlord Shark is one of the most familiar marine creatures in people. As the most successful marine predator in evolution, sharks are a very ancient fish. Its fossils appear even earlier 3 or 400 million earlier than dinosaurs! As a predator at the top of the food chain, the average of sharks is equivalent to humans, around 70-100 years.

(Source: AWESOMEOCEAN.com)

The longest -lived fish -Green Shark

However, scientists have discovered a kind of shark with a lifetime of 500 years! This means that it can live from Magellan's global sailing to now! This magical longevity shark has been the cover of the top academic journal "Science" in 16 years, and is famous for its longevity.

(Source: Researchgate.net)

This kind of shark with a long life is Greenland Shark. Life is the cold North Atlantic waters. Because it is located in the Arctic chill, this shark grows extremely slowly. According to the follow -up report, adult sharks increase their body length less than 1cm each year ... … The planted sharks can generally grow to more than 5m after adulthood, belonging to the largest fish on the earth.

How to measure age? The benchmark of time -a shocking nuclear explosion 60 years ago!

In the past, scientists did not understand how long the life expectancy of these Green Sharks was, but after scientists conducted a carbon 14 measurement of 28 female Lorneson Sharks, these 28 Greenland Sharks with 81-502cm were the most year. The younger life is more than 60 years! How did they know this conclusion? Scientists have found an abnormal nuclear radiation pulse record in the measurement of the carbon 14 radioactive era of these sharks' eyeballs. Scientists have determined that this is caused by the great nuclear test of the influence. The experiment should take place in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. At that time, the Soviet Union had conducted a test explosion of the strongest nuclear weapon in history -the Tsar bomb.

(Picture source: nationalInterest.org)

The Tsar bomb's test explosion is in the northern Russia, New Land Island in the Arctic region. This 50 million -ton TNT TNT has the strongest hydrogen bomb in history to explode to 1,000km, and atmospheric disturbance moves around the earth for three weeks! This is a unprecedented nuclear test in human history. Therefore, now that the radioactive carbon residues caused by this nuclear radiation were measured in the young Green shark's body, at least it showed that it was born at that time. Based on the lowest age of this youngest Green shark, scientists use models to calculate the longest two ages of these sharks are 335 ± 75 years (493cm in length) and 392 ± 120 years (502cm in body length). In other words, its maximum age can reach over 500 years old, which directly breaks the world record of vertebrate life. So, what is the longevity skill? Why can you live so long?

The secret of the longevity of Green Shark

First of all, the low -temperature habitat environment mentioned earlier, resulting in the metabolic rate of other animals. The low-temperature waters near the Arctic Circle 1-12 degrees Celsius make it extremely slow.

(Source: Discoverlife.org)

Secondly, its movement slowly also reduced its metabolic rate. Green Shark, also known as Greenland Sleeping Shark, knows how lazy it is from the name, and they usually don't like to move at all. On the other hand, you are also one of the reasons for you to eat less. Due to the cold and unwillingness, Green Shark rarely eats. Because of this many factors, its metabolic rate is extremely low, and the growth is extremely slow. As mentioned earlier, they grow less than 1cm each year. For a large body of up to 5 meters, the growth rate of 1 cm per year is a bit low. It's funny.

(Source: Shark- References.com)

On the other hand: low heart rate may also be one of the secrets of longevity. Green shark has a large volume, and the blood can be provided by the whole body, so its heart rate and blood pressure are lower than other sharks. In addition, some scientists have found that cold can activate anti -aging genes and improve immunity, thereby extending animal life.

(Source: BGR.com)

In the study, scientists also found that the sexual maturity period of Green Shark was very long. Female generally entered the sexual maturity period when it grew up to 4 meters. The age was about 156 ± 22 years old! Generally speaking, the sexual maturity period and life span are linked. The creature is reproduction. After hundreds of millions of years of evolution, this mission must be completed. The later the sexual maturity period, the later the reproduction, the longer Essence After the complexion period is over, the general creatures will move towards aging and death. The mature period of Green Shark is an evolutionary choice, and human beings may be difficult to copy. Of course, some scientists are studying whether "cut eggs" can achieve the same effect ...

(Source: abc.net.au)

The environment of Green Shark's life is two high and one low: high salt content, high water pressure, and low temperature. In order to adapt to such an environment, they form a metabolic system in the long evolution, which can accumulate urea and oxidize trisine in the body to accumulate conditions. The osmotic pressure, resistance of water pressure, and avoiding frozenness, these two things accumulate in the body can cause uremia.

As a complicated variant, urea can destroy the normal folding structure of the protein and damage the stable protein. As one of the nine signs of aging, protein stability is essential for physical health and longevity. In incredible, this substance can induce normal protein folding normally in the Greenland shark to maintain the stable protein. (Source: Childrens-Encyclopedia.ru)

Can humans copy homework?

In fact, a few years ago, there were crazy scientists who wanted to extract the special genes of Greenland Sharks into the human body and extend their life. This is of course just a crazy brain hole. The biological evolution of Green Shark is only to adapt to the extreme environment of where we are. Our living environment is different from it. But on the other hand, some characteristics of Green Sharks have given us certain inspiration, such as extension of reproductive periods, activating anti -aging genes, etc. can be the research direction of biotechnology.

(Picture source: bmmagazine.co.uk)

In any case, with the advancement of science and technology, human beings toward longevity are inevitable trends. With the continuous development of biotechnology, genetic technology, and medical care, we have reasons to believe that the age of everyone is coming.

I am Xingyu Piaoling, Guan^_^Note me, share more interesting scientific knowledge with you. ##

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