Fang Yunting | Stabilizing Homotherapy Technology to help ecological environment research and protection

Nitrogen cycle is an important part of the material cycle of the earth. The new "activity" nitrogen through human activities every year leads to serious imbalances in the global nitrogen cycle, and causes a series of ecological and environmental problems such as rich nutritional, acidification and greenhouse gas emissions of land and water ecosystems.

In the 1970s, after the International Science Federation of Environmental Issues of the International Science Federation of Science, the global nitrogen overload was proposed as a potential environmental problem and chemical "timing bomb", and humans began to conduct extensive and in -depth research on the nitrogen cycle in various ecosystems of the earth.

Fang Yunting, deputy director and researcher of the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the past 20 years, he has been engaged in the research of nitrogen circulation of terrestrial ecosystems and his research on global changes, leading the team around the national ecological security and major local needs to create a first -class level of stable isotope technology research and application platform at home and abroad, and systematically study carbon nitrogen. The critical process of water circulation response and feedback on human activity interference and global changes, reveal the driving mechanism of interference and environmental factors, in order to improve the function of ecosystems, improve the efficiency of farmland land and nutrient utilization, and seek major carbon exchange in land ecosystems and other major ways Key issues provide scientific basis, policy consulting and technical support. Many scientific research results obtained by Fang Yunting have a wide range of impacts at home and abroad.

▲ Fang Yunting is in Erguna grassland

Find the direction in adaptation

Fang Yunting has carried out many tasks in many field stations across the motherland. South China Botanical Garden, Dinghu Mountain in Guangdong, Inner Mongolia Prairie, Jilin Changbai Mountain ... These are all kinds of good places that are fascinating and relaxed. He has no time to appreciate the beautiful scenery of Qingshan, and the experimental research at the wild station is more attractive than the scenery.

Along the way, Fang Yunting successively established a forest field simulation nitrogen settlement platform, a 15N traceing network at the forest ecosystem scale, and the forest temperature increase experimental platform. There are different climatic conditions in different regions, and he can adapt well regardless of hot or cold. Doing ecological science research and adapting to the environment is a kind of ability. Perhaps born and growing in rural areas, good adaptability has become the gene of Fang Yunting engraved into the bones.

Fang Yunting was born in a beautiful village in Jiangxi, and has a natural sense of closeness to nature. Because of this, when the college entrance examination was transferred to Jiangxi Agricultural University's forestry, he did not lose much. "Learning forest and studying majors seems to be a good choice for me from farmers, because learning some forest management and management knowledge and skills, in the future, if there is no other way out, you can return to the hometown at least to do something for his hometown construction." He Think like this.

Fang Yunting's adaptability is very strong. Sorting out his scientific research process, it confirms this, because no matter what the situation is encountered, he can always make a choice to adapt to the situation at that time.

Fang Yunting went to college in 1995. When I graduated, I did not catch up with the distribution of work, but caught up with the postgraduate entrance examination, which continued to lead to higher pursuit of students. Fang Yunting joined the postgraduate team. When I was at school, most of the courses were related to forest cultivation and afforestation, but near graduation, the state's forestry policy changed. Forest function has changed from wood production to ecological services. Subject. In this context, Fang Yunting applied for a master's degree in ecological direction of the South China Botanical Garden Forest Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and was successfully admitted.

Although the South China Botanical Garden is located in Guangzhou, because the mentor Mo Jiangming researched at Dinghushan Station far from the city, Fang Yunting also followed the tutor most of the time. It was a very free study time. With the support and encouragement of the instructor, Fang Yunting kept looking for the direction he was interested in.

In December 1997, the "Kyoto Protocol" passed in Kyoto, Japan, and its signing was for the threat of human beings from climate warming. On February 16, 2005, the "Kyoto Protocol" officially took effect. This is the first time in human history to restrict greenhouse gas emissions in the form of regulations. In order to promote the completion of greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, the agreed book allows 4 types of emission reduction methods, one of which is to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions with "net emissions", that is, deducting the carbon dioxide absorbed by the forest from the actual emissions volume of the country from the actual emissions volume of the country, quantity.

This emission reduction policy has attracted Fang Yunting's attention. Without many people in China to do related research, his master's dissertation studies with growth, recovery or replacement, the forest ecosystem absorbs carbon dioxide potential and rate. In the context of proposing to achieve the "carbon -to -peak, carbon neutralization" dual carbon target, it has become a background of China's national policy of climate change. Fang Yunting is one of the earliest scientific researchers in China in China.

The rapid development of the Guangdong Pearl River Delta region, industrial, automotive exhaust emissions and agricultural production intensive intensive exacerbation of atmospheric nitrogen pollution. In this context, Fang Yunting, who continued to attack the South China Botanical Garden, has shifted from 2003 to study how nitrogen settlement affects the structure and function of the regional forest ecosystem.

Dinghu Mountain is in the lower air outlet of the Pearl River Delta region and is an excellent place to study nitrogen settlement. Starting from the simulation control experiments of the firing of forest nitrogen, a series of studies conducted by Fang Yuning's nitrogen cycle began.

Today, 20 years have passed, Fang Yunting's participation in the wild platform during the reading period is still playing a role, and he has long been a senior scientific researcher who has been embraced abroad and has learned the ambitions of Shenyang. Working from hot soil in the south to vast north, in continuous exploration, his research depth and breadth are also expanding.

▲ Fang Yunting (first right in front) attended the guidance of the teacher on the road of dreaming on the road of the international atomic energy institution

The growth of a person is inseparable from the teacher's guidance, teachings, carrying and helping. "Guo Jing has 9 teachers. I have fewer than Guo Jing, but there are 6." In the laughter, Fang Yunting revealed that he was grateful to the teacher.

Researcher Mo Jiangming is Fang Yunting's master's graduate instructor. He led Fang Yunting to the road of scientific research. Researcher Zhou Guoyi, deputy director of the South China Plants (now the South China Botanical Garden), is his doctoral supervisor. Especially in the subsequent academic career, Mr. Zhou's help benefit Fang Yunting. There are also Professor Per Gundersen, the University of Copenhagen, Danish, Professor Muneoki Yoh, two post -doctoral tutors of Tokyo Agricultural University of Japan, and Professor Keisuke Koba, and Zhu Wei of Zhu Wei, State University of New York, USA Professor Xing, they all helped each other's scientific research growth.

Fang Yuning's assistant researcher who had done one year after graduating from Dr. Fang Yunting in 2006. In 2007, he visited the University of Copenhagen, Danish Copenhagen University in 2007 for 1 year. It was a good time for years. He studied a lot of literature that had not had time to get involved in the graduate stage, and had a deeper and comprehensive understanding of the data obtained during the doctoral period. Under the guidance of Professor Pil Gangdon, the mentor, Fang Yuning's research results during Dr. Fang Yunting published three good papers of "Scientific Citation Index" (SCI) papers. Through contact with foreign scientists, Fang Yunting's scientific attitude and academic thought have changed subtle changes, and they have a better understanding of academic exchanges.

With the deepening of research, Fang Yunting is becoming more and more aware of the conventional experimental methods. It is difficult to solve some key problems encountered in the study of nitrogen cycle. Only by using stable isotope technology, some problems can be solved. However, in the field of nitrogen cycle research, few laboratories have compatible with stable homogeneous spectrometers. And Japan has a long history of studying stabilizing isotope technology, and Fang Yunting decided to go there to study there.

In Japan, colleagues' pursuit of precise and extreme scientific research attitude gives Fang Yunting a new understanding of the scientific spirit. He said: "This kind of craftsman's spirit is very necessary for scientific research. Because there is no serious attitude to obtain every correct data, you will never see the truth behind science." After returning to China, he will pursue this pursuit The excellent spirit was brought to the team, using this constraint and motivating the team members to be improving at work.

While pursuing perfect, Fang Yunting also felt the tolerance of the people around him. At that time, the instrument he assigned was also very limited, so when it was his turn, he wanted to test more samples as much as possible, and always worked very late. It is easy to make mistakes when people are tired.

"But regardless of the mentor or the surrounding colleagues, I am very tolerant of me, no criticism, and I did not have the time to use the instrument because I was afraid of me. Operate the instrument, don't be afraid of making mistakes, don't be afraid to damage the machine, because only this will let them really cherish the samples and obtained data, and master the skills and thinking of the instrument operation how to improve the analysis method. "Fang Yunting said.

In the 4 years in Japan, Fang Yunting continued his research during his PhD. Because of the support of stable isotope technology, his exploration was getting deeper and deeper, and the idea of ​​returning home was becoming stronger and stronger in his heart. Faced with the olive branches extended to him in domestic universities and research institutes, combined with various factors, Fang Yunting finally chose to work at the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and began a new development of the scientific research process.

▲ Fang Yunting adds nitrogen adding samples at the National Forest Station of Qingyuan Station

Collaborative combat results

Shenyang's Institute of Applied Ecology has a long history, and has been fruitful in the field of temperate forest ecology in my country, and has cultivated a large number of outstanding ecological talents for the country. After Fang Yunting officially joined the employment, the Institute provided many powerful support for the development of his work, and actively equipped his team with the stable and homogeneous spectrometer he dreamed of. Working at the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology is a major change in Fang Yunting's scientific research career. Since then, he has changed from a single soldier to leading the team to cooperate with the combat.

Fang Yunting has grown rapidly. In 2012, he was selected as the "Hundred Talents Plan" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the final evaluation and defense in 2017). Essence On the one hand, he continued to work in scientific research, and seemed to seek breakthroughs in methods. Fang Yunting led the team all the way, and various tasks made great progress.

The topic selection of the "Hundred Talents Plan" project is relatively free. Fang Yunting hopes to make some cutting -edge explorations. To a certain extent, nitrogen sedimentation will promote forest trees growth, but long -term excessive nitrogen settlement will adversely affect the forest ecosystem, resulting in soil acidification, nutrient loss, plant nutrient imbalance, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and biological diversity loss. The nitrification affects the effectiveness and composition of forest nitrogen, which is one of the key links of the nitrogen cycle process of the ecosystem. However, due to the time and space heterogeneity of forest soil nitration, the problem of quantifying nitrification at the ecosystem scale has been difficult to solve.

Professor Greg Michalski of Purdue University in the United States first determined the natural abundance of the 17O of the atmospheric nitrate, and found that the interaction with ozone during the formation of the atmosphere was obtained. Extra 17o (defined as 17O surplus, expressed by Δ17O, Δ17O value is usually 20 ‰ to 31 ‰). After the nitrate enters the soil, some of the plants or microorganisms are consumed and consumed, but these consumption processes will not affect the Δ17O of the remaining nitrate. One of the three oxygen atoms in nitrates generated by nitrification comes from oxygen and 2 from water. There is no 17O surplus. Therefore, the nitrate Δ17o produced by nitrification is 0 ‰. Therefore, the stronger the soil nitrification, the stronger the diluted effect of the atmospheric nitrate 17o surplus from the soil. In other words, atmospheric sinking nitrate Δ17o is a natural tracer.

According to this principle, by determining the amount of nitric acid Δ17o and precipitation nitrate in precipitation and stream water, the mixed model of isotope was used, and Fang Yunting led the team to quantify the forest ecosystem standard for the first time. Published in 2015 in the "Punae of the Academy of Sciences" (PNAS). This is the first research results published in the American Academy of Sciences in the past 60 years since the establishment of the Shenyang Applied Ecological Research Institute.

In addition to paying attention to basic issues, Fang Yunting also puts research perspectives to the haze problem that is closely related to daily life and needs to be urgently solved.

In the national key R & D plan "Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei Pollution Process Multimony Trace and Refined Traceability" in the National Key R & D Plan Project "Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei Pollution Process" in the "Research and Application of Personal Persis Source Analysis Methods Based on Homornecin Technology" The method of establishing, Fang Yunting led the team and the relevant units such as the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to analyze how haze, what components, and discharge sources came from, and made some important results.

They quantified the characteristics of migrant vehicle exhaust emissions and farmland volatilized ammonia. They also reached important conclusions, that is, atmill ammonium salt in the urban area comes from motor vehicle exhaust gas and power plant exhaust emissions. This is a domestic nitrogen use of nitrogen technology to prove that the emissions of urban ammonia are not early attempts from farmland. At that time, there was a lot of controversy on this issue. And evidence.

After returning to China in 2012, Fang Yunting successively presided over nearly 20 projects such as the key R & D topic of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the cutting -edge key points of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. These projects are related to the development of instruments and the experimental methods for improving nitrogen discharge management. The National Key R & D Plan Project "Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Research on the Ecosystem of Ecosystem Carbon Nitrostal Coupling Coupling Biology Biology Mechanism" is a huge investment in many projects One of the representative projects of energy.

Taking the typical temperate, cold temperature forests and grass ecosystems in the northern my country as the research object, the target of the research is to study factors such as heating, nitrogen sinking, forest alternatives, and fire interference. Distribution, organic matter decomposition and root stimulation, carbon nitrogen cycle -related microorganism diversity, soil nitrogen turnover and nitrogen loss, thereby revealing the response and adaptation of nitrogen settlement and global changes in carbon nitrogen coupling cycle biological mechanisms.

Since its implementation in 2016, Fang Yunting has led the team to arrange research on the planning goals of the task book and the requirements of various main indicators, and complete all the assessment indicators of the subject task book. It is in terms of platform construction, method innovation, scientific research output and talent training. Make important progress.

Through the project research, Fang Yunting and his team have established the world's largest field warming platform and forest ecosystem 15N in the world, which provides an important platform for studying the impact of global warming and nitrogen settlement on the forest ecosystem. Essence They also established the 15N natural abundance database of the annual rotation of the forest trees in my country, and found that the primitive forests in my country have not appeared in the past century that they have not increasingly nitrogen restrictions. The research results were published in ecological journals such as "Nature Communications", "Ecological Monography" and "Global Change Biology".

If you want to be good, you must first benefit your instrument. While completing the project research, Fang Yunting is also constantly innovating and stabilizing the technical method of isotope. Relying on the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, he started to build the first provincial key laboratory in China, which is mainly based on the research, utilization and testing services of stable isotope technology, Liaoning Province.

The laboratory was approved in September 2018, and it was officially operated in 2019. The newly developed and established method is applicable to the isotopes of different nitrogen -containing substances in the ecosystem. The prospects are very wide. In gas -dissolved gum, precipitation, lake water, river water, streams, soil liquid liquid, ice core samples. Due to the advanced technology, the laboratory attracted more than 100 universities or research institutes including Tsinghua University, Fudan University, China Agricultural University, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences to study or send test samples. Concentrated advantageous forces to strengthen the construction of scientific research conditions, expand open exchanges at home and abroad, attract and cultivate high -end research talents, promote cross -integration of disciplines, and promote the output of original results. Under the leadership of Fang Yunting, the laboratory will improve Liaoning Province's overall research in related fields. Levels and international influence, improve my country's ability to solve regions and major national ecological problems to continue to contribute.

▲ Take a group photo of the team team of stable isotope

Tire to pursue

In the process of studying, Fang Yunting's six mentors gave him great freedom to explore, and did not hesitate to help him realize his dream of research. The teachers illuminated his way forward. When he became the teacher of others, Fang Yunting was also willing to help and support these young students.

Fang Yunting and the students jointly formulated a research plan, shared the results obtained, participated in the experiment, and guided them to progress together. Regardless of whether the student's ideal is to be a scientist, he is willing to cultivate them as scientific researchers, and encourage them to pursue primitive innovation and do things that others have not done. It turned out that Fang Yunting was more pleased to see the progress and growth of students.

From the novice of scientific research to the long -distance scientific research process, Fang Yunting has a lot of perceptions and experiences. He believes that the problems arising from the rapid development of China are much faster than the problems that can be solved. Only by truly love scientific research and closely combine national needs with their own research can there be endless topics.

"We have encountered a good era. The country attaches great importance to talents and attaches great importance to basic research. We have the opportunity and stage of talent to show their talents. From the perspective of talent training, I am studying and accepting knowledge in the first 30 years. It ’s time to work. The road of research is still very long. I do n’t have other interests. I will not engage in other industries. Many research on the research and many good ideas are constantly producing new results. In the future, I still need to tirelessly go to go tireless Pursue."

For the way to go, Fang Yunting is extremely firm.

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