Zhao Yong et al. -Gl: Comet "Light" Global Aurora

The amazing comet's tail is an interesting astronomical phenomenon for humans. In addition to bringing us shocking visual enjoyment, the bright comet tail also emits a large amount of substances to the planetary space, including dust and charged particles. The charged particles are picked up by the solar wind and can be injected into the planet space environment with the solar wind. The comet material is considered to directly drive the magnetic storm of the earth space. When the comet Harley returned in 1910, global magnetic field disturbance occurred on the earth surface (Russell et al., 1988), which provided an important clue for the comet how to affect the earth's space and the surface electromagnetic environment. Essence It is not clear how the mechanism of the comet material to integrate with the solar style to drive the earth's environment. Monitoring of comet material, planet space, and ground environment is the key to deepening the research process of comets affecting the space environment, but this monitoring is still very limited so far.

73P/SCHWASSMANN -WACHMANN 3 is a short cycle of Jupiter Comet with a track cycle of 5.4 years and was discovered by Arnold Schwassmann and Arno Wachmann in 1930. In 1995, the comet began to split into 5 pieces. During his return period, he experienced many outbreaks and split into many fragments. Through the telescope, the comet observed the 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 comet, and found that this comet has a typical OI atomic emission (Figure 1).

Figure 1 (A) 73P/SCHWASSMANN-WACHMANN 3 to remove the spectral imaging of the skylight background;

The ACE/SWICS satellites located at L1 o'clock in the Raiglan day of the Ridi Ragland observed a significant O+general volume from May 23 to June 17, 2006, and based on location information, you can confirm O+from 73P/SCHWASSMANN -WACHMANN 3. The Japanese L1 L1 is located on the Japanese connection, so the solar wind at this location is considered to be directly blowing to the earth. Compared with the return of Comet in 1910 in 1910, there were only several observation data of the ground stations. The observation data during the 73P period of Comet 73P was very rich, including solar wind particles and magnetic fields, a large number of ground magnetic field stations and Aurora Station Station. As well as optical cameras and particle detection around the earth. Dr. Zhao Yong, the Key Laboratory of the Earth and Planet Physics Institute of the Institute of Geology and Earth Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the cooperative mentor Yao China, Wei Yong, etc., analyzed the solar wind, the low -orbital earth, and the ground station data, revealing the comet material to the earth's space environment Impact.

Figure 2 shows the AE index, DST index, solar wind O+flux, and two obvious aurora enhanced incidents from May 23 to June 17, 2006. DST is the magnetic field disturbance of data derivative of the magnetic field station in the low -latitude area of ​​the earth, which reflects the global magnetic field explosion. The AE index reflects the magnetic field disturbance of the high latitude of the earth, directly reflecting the strength of the aurora current. It can be clearly seen that the solar wind O+flux has significantly increased on May 29 and June 5, respectively. Correspondingly, there are obvious disturbances in the DST and AE indexes, and the aurora observed by DMSP satellites also has obvious enhancement features.

Figure 2 During May 23 to June 17, 2006, the AE index, DST index, O+traffic, and two obvious aurora enhanced incidents

The complete observation chain highlights the key impact of the comet material on the planet space environment: using spectrals and imaging observations to confirm oxygen atoms, and at the expected position, the oxygen ionic volume after being divided was monitored by ACE satellite, and then accompanied by oxygen, accompanied by oxygen The solar wind with an increased amount of ions arrived on the earth, using the ground stations to observe the global magnetic field disturbance and low -orbital DMSP satellite shooting significant aurora enhance.

This study directly confirms the comets proposed by Russell et al. (1988) The comets will lead to the view of the earth's magnetic storm, but the comet material needs to be aggravated in the solar style and how to quantify the planet's space environment. Studies, this is also their next research plan.

The research results were published in the international academic journal Geoscience Letters 2022. Doi: 10.1186/S40562-022-00245-8). The research results were jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42074211), the key deployment items of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGGCAS-201904), and the outstanding membership of the Outstanding Member (No. Y2021064) of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Beauty editor: Fu Shixu

School pair: Wanpeng

- END -