Four confirmed strange Hawking theories, but 6 are still not determined. Why is this?

Stephen Hawking, genius theorist, strange prophet

Some of Hawking's theories have made us revolutionary changes in the way the universe, but there are still some theories that make scientists feel puzzled.

In December 2006, Stephen Hawking gave a speech at the Blumfield Science Museum in Jerusalem.

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Stephen Hawking is one of the greatest theoretical physicists in modern times. What is widely circulated in the media is his life with gradients and his appearance and body affected by this, but the real impact he brought to future generations is still the fruit of his fifty years in the scientific field. His great scientific career and pioneering work began his doctoral dissertation in 1966, and he completed his final paper until his death in 2018. During this period, he never stopped moving forward until the last moment of his life at the age of 76.

Hawking works in the forefront of physics. Most of his theories are considered too advanced when proposed. With the continuous emergence of more and more support evidence, Hawking's theory is gradually accepted by the mainstream ideas in the scientific community. From his shocking black hole theory to the explanation of the small starting point of the universe, this article will introduce some theories that have been proven, and some of the advanced views that are still unconventional.

The theory of winning the Big Bang of the Universe

Explanation of the vast universe -about 13.8 billion years ago the Big Bang of the Universe began.

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Hawking has a very high career at his doctoral dissertation. His papers are published in the important moment of the two hostile cosmic theory in the Big Bang theory and the theory of steady -state theory. Both theories believe that the universe is swelling, and the Big Bang theory believes that the universe expands from a limited period of time in the past, and the super -dense and dense state, but the theory of steady state is assumed that the universe has been expanding, and there are new substances constantly new substances Generate a constant density. In Hawking's paper, he pointed out that the theory of steady state is conflict in mathematics. On the contrary, he believes that the universe starts with an infinitely small and unlimited spots. Today, Hawking's theory has been widely accepted by most scientists.

Black holes are real

The first black hole photo captured by the events of the events -was released by the National Science Foundation in 2019.

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Compared with others, Hawking's name is more with another strange phenomenon -black hole, linked. Black holes are formed by the stars completely collapsed under their own gravity. These mathematics wonders were born in the general theory of Einstein. In the early 1970s, Hawking shifted his attention before these, and the scientific community had argued for decades.

According to an article published in the magazine of Nature, Hawking's genius is to associate Einstein's equations with quantum mechanics. Essence In the incident vision, telescope obtained a direct image of a super -quality black hole lurking in the giant galaxy MESSIER 87 center in 2019. This image is the ultimate evidence that Hawking's theory is correct.

Hawking radiation

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The name of the black hole comes from its strong gravity, and even the particles of light cannot escape from the powerful gravity of the black hole. But in the early stage of his work, Hawking believed that the truth was more subtle than this monochrome.

Through the application of quantum theory -specifically, the pair of "virtual photons" can spontaneously from scratch -he realized that some photons can appear from the radiation of black holes. Today, according to Hawking radiation, this theory is confirmed by the laboratory test of the Israeli Institute of Technology. Researchers use acoustic simulation -a "sound wave black hole" that cannot escape from sound waves to replace the real black hole. According to the forecast of physicists, they accurately detected the equivalent effect of Hawking radiation.

Black hole area theory

About the gravitational waves emitted by the two black holes hovering with each other.

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In classic physics, entropy, or system disorders will only increase over time and will not decrease. By cooperating with Jacob Bekenstein, Hawking proposed that the measurement of black holes entropy was achieved by the surface area of ​​the events around it.

Recently discovered the gravitational wave emitted by the merged pair of black holes showing that Hawking once again was correct. As Hawking told the BBC after the first such incident in 2016, "the characteristics observed by this system are consistent with the predictions related to the black hole I made in 1970 ... The total area of ​​these initial black holes is more large. " More recent observations have further confirmed Hawking's "area theory".

As a result, the world is gradually matching Hawking's amazing predictions. But there are still quite a few predictions that have not been confirmed:

Information paradox

About the illustration of objects to fall into the black hole.

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The advent of Hawking radiation theory brings a serious problem to theoretical scholars, that is, this seems to be the only way to delete information in the universe at the physical level.

The basic attributes of the material manufacturing black holes seem to be completely disappeared, and radiation does not tell us any information about them. This is the so -called information paradox that scientists have tried for decades to solve. Hawking expressed his view of this puzzle in 2016, that is, the information was not really lost. It is stored in the zero -energy particles around the black hole, and this area is called "soft hair" by Hawking. Hawking's black hole soft hair theory is only one of the many theories proposed, and no one knows the real answer. Initial black hole

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Black holes are caused by the original substance, such as stars, collapsed by gravity. However, there may also be a very early in the universe, that is, shortly after the Big Bang, it has spontaneously generated black holes.

Hawking was the first person behind the initial black hole in the initial black hole. It turns out that they can have almost any degree of quality, from very light to very heavy -although the real small quality has been "evaporated" due to Hawking radiation. One of the intriguing possibilities considered by Hawking is that the primitive black hole may constitute the mysterious dark substances that astronomers think they penetrate in the universe. However, according to the previous report of LiveScience, recent observation evidence shows that the facts may not be the case. Whatever way, we have no observation tools that can detect the initial black holes at present, or it cannot explain whether they constitute dark matter.

Diverse universe

Conceptual illustration of diverse cosmic theory.

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One of the subjects that Hawking repaired in the final stage of his life is the theory of multiple universe -that is, the universe we was born in the Big Bang, but only one of the infinite bubble universe.

Some scientists believe that any of the absurd situations we can imagine will immediately occur in one corner of the universe universe. Hawking does not agree with this idea. Therefore, in his last paper in 2018, Hawking sought, in his own words, "try to tame the diverse universe." He proposed a new mathematical framework, although not completely away from the diverse universe, but made it limited rather than unlimited. But just like any parallel cosmic guess, we cannot verify whether his thoughts are correct. And it seems that scientists cannot quickly test his thoughts.

Period protection conjecture

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It may sound surprising, but the law of physics -as we understand today -it can't help traveling. The ending plan of Einstein's general relativity equation includes the "time -shaped curve closed loop", which will effectively allow you to return to your own past. But Hawking was plagued by this, he believed that time reversing would cause logical paradox that could not exist.

To this end, he proposed that there were some unknown laws of physics to prevent the emergence of the closed -loop of the time -shaped curve -he called it "time -order protection conjecture". But "conjecture" is only a scientific "guess", and we really don't know whether the time travel is really possible.

No Creator

This painting is an adaptation of the Sistine church works drawn by Michelangelo during 1508-1512, depicting Yazhi's fingers.

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One of the questions that cosmic scholars like to ask are "what happened before the Big Bang". Hawking believes that such problems are meaningless. As far as all intentions and purposes are concerned, the time itself, including the universe and all things -began in the Big Bang.

"For me, this means that there is no possibility of creator," Hawking said, as the LiveScience reported before, "because there is no time for the creator to exist." This is a view that Hawking has expressed many times in his life but most people disagree. This can almost be classified into the category of "never solve in one way".

World Doomsday Prophecy

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According to the BBC, in Hawking's later years, he made a series of dim predictions on the future of human beings. He may be serious or not.

These areas may trigger a vacuum bubble to devour the universe from the elusive Higgs bolites, or "God particles", and go to the hostile alien invasion and artificial intelligence (AI) to take over. Although Stephen Hawking is correct in many things, we can only hope that he is wrong in these aspects.

By: Andrew May

Fy: ZEKKI

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